Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS
Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS
Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS
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1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology Symposium102A SURVEY OF OCCURRENCE OF TOXIGENIC FUNGI ANDMYCOTOXINS IN PIG FEED SAMPLES FROM DIFFERENTPRODUCTION AREAS IN SERBIADragan Milićević 1 , Miomir Nikšić 2 , Verica Jurić 3 , Danijela Vranić 1 , SrđanStefanović 1i Institute <strong>of</strong> meat hygiene <strong>and</strong> technology, Kaćanskog 13, 11000 Belgrad, Serbia2 University <strong>of</strong> Belgrade, Faculty <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Institute <strong>of</strong> Food Technology <strong>and</strong>Biochemistry, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Zemun, Serbia3 University <strong>of</strong> Novi Sad, Faculty <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Department for Animal Sciences, TrgDositeja Obradovića 10, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaABSTRACTIt is considered that human <strong>and</strong> animals are permanently exposed to effects <strong>of</strong> variousmycotoxins at the time, usually at low concentration. Therefore, the aim <strong>of</strong> the presentwork was to evaluate the contamination <strong>of</strong> pig feed samples, taken from differentproduction areas in Serbia, by aflatoxins (AFT), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol(DON) <strong>and</strong> zearalenone (ZEA). Moreover, we focused on the contamination <strong>of</strong> pig feedsamples by the associated toxigenic fungi <strong>and</strong> influence <strong>of</strong> environmental factors such asmoisture content (%) <strong>and</strong> water availability (aw) on both the growth <strong>and</strong> mycotoxinsproduction. The results showed that majority <strong>of</strong> samples were contaminated by the twomycotoxins. The ochratoxin A (OTA) <strong>and</strong> deoxinivalenol (DON) was detected in 50 <strong>and</strong>55% <strong>of</strong> examined samples, respectively, while zearalenon (ZEA) was found in 44,4% <strong>of</strong>samples originating from investigated regions. Presence <strong>of</strong> aflatoxin was not found. Theaverage concentrations <strong>of</strong> mycotoxins in complete feedmixes were: OTA-0,06 mg/kg,DON-0,78 mg/kg while the average ZEA content was 0,85 mg/kg. Total mould count(CFU/g) in three samples <strong>of</strong> complete feedmixes was up to 10 5 , in nine samples it wasaround 10 5 -10 6 , while in six samples, level <strong>of</strong> contamination from moulds was higherthan 10 6 . During a mycological analysis <strong>of</strong> complete feedmixes intended for fatteningswine, a total <strong>of</strong> six genera <strong>and</strong> 14 species <strong>of</strong> moulds were identified. The main isolatedfungi belong to the genus Penicillium (94,4%) while the moulds from Fusarium <strong>and</strong>Paecilomyces genera isolated in 55,5% <strong>and</strong> 44,4% <strong>of</strong> the samples from investigatedlocalities, respectively. Other fungi from the genera Aspergillus (22%), Mycor (11,1%)<strong>and</strong> Alternaria (5,5%) were represented in a less amount.Key words: pig, feed, moulds, mycotoxinsINTRODUCTIONThe contamination <strong>of</strong> agricultural commodities with fungi able to produce toxicmetabolites is one <strong>of</strong> the main worldwide concerns. Discoloration, quality deterioration,reduction in commercial value <strong>and</strong> mycotoxin production has been linked to mouldycontaminated foods <strong>and</strong> feeds. It not only generates great economic losses [10], but alsorepresents a threat to human <strong>and</strong> animal health, particularly through the synthesis <strong>of</strong>
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