Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumDETERMINATION OF CONSTITUENTS OF ANIMAL ORIGININ FEEDKsenija Nešić, Dobrila Jakić-Dimić, Nikola PavlovićInstitute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Autoput 3, Belgrade, SerbiaABSTRACTSoon after the outbreak of BSE (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy) world crisis atheory of feed-born contamination through infected ruminant protein in meat and bonemeal (MBM) has been set up. Eradication has started immediately and legislation hasbeen established throughout the world to avoid MBM entering the feed chain. TotalMBM ban for all farm animals, except fish meal for non-ruminants, is applied in EUregulation. Legislation in our country comprises ban on MBM in feed for ruminants,while presence of these components is allowed in mixes for other animal species.With the aim to enforce the legislation and to detect cross-contamination, which meanspresence of unacceptable traces, the most appropriate method is optical microscopy. Thisis the only official method in EU and it has been applied in Institute of VeterinaryMedicine of Serbia in Belgrade since 2006.During three years period (2006, 2007 and 2008) feed for ruminants, pigs and poultry,from the feed mills in central Serbia, were sent by veterinary inspectors to the Instituteof Veterinary Medicine in Belgrade to be examined on presence of MBM. During thefirst year among total of 118 samples, 49 samples of feed for cattle were analysed and in6.12% constituents of animal origin were found, as well as in 25% of ovine feed, 25%swine and 32.14% of poultry mixes.Significantly more samples were analysed in year 2007. There were 579 samples in total,mostly bovine feed - 344, with similar result to that in previous year - 6.69% withpresence of MBM. But, percentages of positive samples of ovine feed (15.79%), swine(16%) and poultry feed (15.19%) were much lower than in year 2006, what is a clearindicator of good results and success of the program for feed control and education ofmanufacturers.During 2008 microscopic analysis on the presence of animal contaminants in 509samples of different mixtures was done. MBM was recorded in about 8% of samples offeed for cattle, although general trend of replacement of proteins of animal origin byother sources of proteins was more clearly observed.Although improvement in facilities for feed production is evident, yet upgrading criteriafor their work is still needed, as well as implementation of GMP and HACCP concept.Only multilevel monitoring of raw materials and final products is the way to ensure goodmanufacturing quality and consumer’s safety.Key words: feed, microscopy, BSEINTRODUCTIONSoon after the outbreak of BSE (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy) world crisis atheory of feed-born contamination through infected ruminant protein in meat and bone267
1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology Symposiummeal (MBM) has been set up (3). Therefore the first measure in preventing the spread ofthe disease was to establish a legislation which avoids the entry of MBM in the foodchain. Today in the European Union a complete ban on the use of MBM for all farmanimals, except fish meal for non-ruminants is applied. In our country is in force theDirective on the quality and other requirements for animal feed (Sl. list SRJ, 38/2001),which prohibits the use of MBM in feed for all ruminants (1), while the presence ofthese nutrients is still allowed in mixtures for other animal species.In order to control the implementation of existing regulations and detection of crosscontamination,which represents the presence of traces of undesirable nutrients, it isnecessary to practice the appropriate analytical methods. Proved to be the most adequate,classical microscopy, which is the only official method that is used for these purposes inthe European Union (2), has been applied as accredited method in the Institute ofVeterinary Medicine of Serbia in Belgrade since 2006.The paper presents the results of feed monitoring on the presence of ingredients ofanimal origin using microscopy during the 2006th, 2007th and 2008th year, in order toperform data analysis for risk assessment, and also to stress the importance of thiscontrol as part of surveillance and prevention of BSE.MATERIAL AND METHODSDuring the three-year period Veterinary Inspection has sent for analysis on the presenceof meat and bone meal feed for ruminants, pigs and poultry from the factories and feedmills from the territory of central Serbia to the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbiain Belgrade . As part of regular check-ups in 2006 year it was examined a total of 118, in2007 year 579, and in 2008 year 509 samples of feed mixtures for ruminants, pigs andpoultry.Tests for the presence of ingredients of animal origin were carried by accredited classicalmicroscopy method used in accordance with EU regulations (2), and the interpretationand evaluation of results were carried out under the Directive on the quality and otherrequirements for animal feed (Sl. list SRJ, 38/2001) (1).RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONIn 2006 among 118 samples examined by classical microscopy mostly cattle feed wastested and 6.12% were positive on the presence of elements of animal origin, whichmade them unsuitable for feeding these animals. For the same reason 25% of samples offeed for sheep were eliminated, while only one goats feed sample was insufficient forany conclusion. Regarding mixtures for feeding pigs and poultry, although actualregulations in Serbia allow the presence of components of animal origin, it is aninteresting fact that many manufacturers decided to avoid the risk of their usage, and it isfound in only 25% of feed samples for pigs and 32.14% of feed samples poultry (Table1). This reduces the risk of crossing the undesirable ingredients into feed for ruminantsand prevents the possibility of cross contamination in feed mills where the same lines,preparing feed for different animal species, are used.268
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Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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