Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumThe complete feed samples were homogenized in a “Cyclotec” sample mill, burnt on ahot plate and incinerated in an incinerating furnace at 550 0 C. The obtained ash wasdissolved in HCl 1:1, and iron and manganese contents of the test materials were read byatomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) using a Perkin Elmer 3300 device.The content of calcium was determined by air-acetylene flame atomic absorptionspectrophotometry and that of sodium and potassium by flame emissionspectrophotometry. To prevent flame ionization, potassium chloride was added to allstandard dilutions and samples to obtain the final potassium chloride concentration in thesolution of at least 0.1%.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe results of the present study on the contents of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), potassium(K), sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) in water, hay, CFM and tissues of the test beef cattleare presented in tabular form (Tabs. 1 - 9).Table 1. Average concentration of iron (Fe) in water (mg/l), hay and CFM (mg/kg)Water Hay CFMx 1.92 185.52 137.43Sd 1.48 83.25 18.073Cv 77.31 44.87 13.15Iv 0.47 - 5.60 66.44 - 302.41 103.32 - 158.87Table 2. Average concentration of manganese (Mn) in water (mg/l), hay and CFM(mg/kg)Water Hay CFMx 1.57 x 10 -2 76.01 12.64Sd 1.97 x 10 -2 22.21 12.84Cv 125.15 29.22 30.18Iv 0.002 - 0.070 32.08 - 100.16 8.84 - 54.62Table 3. Average concentration of potassium (K), sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) in water(mg/l)Potassium (K) Sodium (Na) Calcium (Ca)x 2.37 2.81 12.98Sd 1.06 1.57 4.92Cv 44.68 55.93 37.92Iv 1.22 - 3.84 1.78 - 5.56 6.22 - 17.56310
1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumTable 4. Average concentration of potassium (K), sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) in CFMfor beff cattle (mg/kg)Potassium (K) Sodium (Na) Calcium (Ca)x 11,283.07 1,344.00 9,623.14Sd 556.06 41.63 218.87Cv 4.93 3.10 2.27Iv 10,787.99 – 12,101.90 1,299.30 – 1,410.40 9,310.80 – 9,840.60The average iron intake from water by beef cattle was 1.92 mg/l, the iron contentranging from 0.47- 5.60 mg/l and that of manganese - 1.57 x 10 -2 mg/l. The currentRegulation on the Hygienic Safety of Drinking Water does not prescribe limits for iron,but the maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) for manganese is 0.050 mg/l. Watersupplies for the cattle farm used in the experiment as well as for the Town of Kraljevocame from the Ibar alluvion. The listed results on the manganese content of the Ibar riverwater show that the content remained almost unchanged as compared to the 1987, 1988and 1989 data reported by Vukašinović Marija and Mihajlović R. [35].The present results on the iron concentration in the water used for the test animals showthat the obtained values were considerably higher than those measured by VukašinovićMarija and Mihajlović R.. [35] who reported them to be within a range of 0.12 - 2.20mg/l during 1987-1989, which suggested an apparent increase in iron concentration.The average iron content of the meadow hay collected from the region of Kraljevo was185.52 mg/kg, the iron content ranging from 66.44 - 302.41 mg/kg air-dried hay. Theiron content of the meadow hay in the region of Kraljevo was also evaluated by Ševkovićet al. [29] who reported the values of 203.00-269.66 mg/kg iron, whereas the content ofthe Pozega region hay was slightly lower, ranging from 188.82- 247.28 mg/kg (Ševkovićet al.) [28]. The manganese content of the Kraljevo hay ranged from 32.08 - 100.16mg/kg, the average being 76.01 mg/kg air-dried hay. The measured values conformed tothe results obtained by Ševković et al. [29] who reported the manganese content of themeadow hay from Kraljevo and that from Pozega regions to fall within a range of 44.54- 87.22 mg/kg and 68.42 - 143.95 mg/kg, respectively [28].The average iron concentration in the complete feeds used for beef cattle was 137.43mg/kg, ranging from 103.32 - 158.87 mg/kg. The measured iron concentration wassignificantly above the limit of 20.00 mg/kg set in the Regulation on the Quality andOther Requirements for Feedstuffs [23].The average manganese concentration of the complete feed mixtures (CFM) used for thebeef cattle was 12.64 mg/kg, the measured values varying from 8.84 to 54.62 mg/kg.The obtained average concentration was below the minimum requirements of 20 mg/kgprescribed by the Regulation on the Quality and Other Requirements for Feedstuffs(“The Official Gazette of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” No. 20/2000) [23]. Themanganese requirements of beef cattle are difficult to evaluate due to the lack of researchdata on manganese availability.The average potassium concentration in the water used for cattle was 2.37 mg/l, its rangebeing 1.22-3.84 mg/l i.e. slightly exceeding the level measured by Vukašinović Marija etal. [33], in the waters of the Ribnica, the Studenica and the tributaries, but considerably311
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Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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