Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumTable 1. Daily nutritional requirement of an adult goat (2)Item of dietDry matterEnergyProteinWater1SE – Starch equivalentDaily requirementIntake of dry matter / 100 kg body weight2.5 – 3.0 kg / Maintenance3.5 – 4.0 kg / Growth3.0 – 3.5 kg / Gestation3.5 – 5.5 kg / Lactation2.5 – 3.5 kg / Meat and hair562 SE 1 /50 kg BW / Maintenance3 SE/g BW / For live weight gain350 SE/kg BW / Lactation20-30 g /50 kg BW / Maintenance60 – 70 g/kg milk / Lactation450-700 gm/day for a goat weighing 19-20 kgFrequently, in rations for goats with high milk yields, there is the need to increase energydensity, because the volume of the ingested ration is limited, especially during earlylactation. Adding fats to the concentrate ration is an efficient way to increase energydensity, as long at it goats not hinder normal rumen flora. Addition of fats not accessiblein the rumen or protected, at a level of 5% of the dry matter of the ration, is veryefficient, increasing milk yield, fat and protein content in milk, however, the milk fatcomposition changes (14). Another means of increasing energy density of the ration ispelleting, which increases weight gain and milk production by increasing feed intake, butfrequently decreases milk fat content if the effective length of cellulose fibers in theration is not sufficient.PROGRAM FOR GOAT NUTRITION DURING LACTATIONIn order to establish the quantity of a concentrate mixture to be given to goats in theration, first the level of milk production should be established, as well as the quantityand quality of ingested fodder, appetite and constitution status. Skinny goats, with highmilk production, should be provided ad libitum access to hay and grain according totheir appetite. Goats in mid-lactation, and well fattened goats, should be providedsufficient quantities of hay, i.e. ad libitum, as well as a supplement of 450g ofconcentrate mixture per 1.5 kg of milk produced (the concentrate : milk production ratiois 1:3). In goats in late lactation, this ratio should not be over 1:5. The following tablepresents the recommended quantity of concentrate per animal, depending on the animal'scategory.261