Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumTHE IMPACT OF EXTRUDED CORN ON THE ECONOMICRESULTS OF CHICKENS PRODUCTIONVladislav Zekić 2 , Đorđe Okanović 1 , Slavko Filipović 1 , Nedeljko Tica 21 Institute for food technology in Novi Sad, Bul. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia2Faculty of Agriculture, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaABSTRACTAviculture enables acquiring of significant amounts of highly valuable products: meatand eggs, in the relatively short period of time. Production of fatty poultry practicallypresents the most intensive branch of the animal husbandry. The reproduction process isrelatively short, which enables faster turnover of the engaged resources. Consequently,products which are cheaper compared to other kinds of meat are obtained, consideringthat production expenses have very important role. One of the ways to influenceeconomic results is the use of extruded feed. This way enables the achievement of lowerwastage and better production results, influencing directly the economic results of theproduction in such a way. Research of the economic results of the production of fattypoultry is based on the determination of the total production cost, value of the productionand the financial result. Calculation of these economic categories is based on the datagathered on the selected households. The results obtained show measurable differencesin the use of the extruded feed compared to the classic feeding system.Key words: chickens production, extruded corn, priceINTRODUCTIONAnimal husbandry presents the most intensive branch of agriculture and has multiplesignificances, for both producers and consumers. The increase in the production of themeat, milk, eggs, among others is the foundation for the improvement of the nutritionstructure of the population with highly valuable animal proteins.Production of the fatty poultry presents a form of agricultural production, which is, by itsnature, closest to the industrial production. Accordingly, great work productivity andcontrol of production processes is achieved.The solution of increased food production for people and animals is appliance and usageof new technologies in biotechnology, e.g. bio industry (Lazarević i sar., 2005). Themain orientation is presented by new technological processes which aim at the increaseof nutritive value of the food for people and animals. Nowadays, many ways of thermalprocessing of oilseeds and cereals are used in the world: toasting, hydrothermalrefinement, micronisation, microwave treatment, bielectrical heat treating (Marsman etal., 1998), but in Serbia the most often used are the process of extrusion andhydrothermal process (Sakač et al., 2001; Filipović et al., 2008).205
1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumIn the domestic production of forage mixtures, the corn has the leading positioncompared to other cereals, because of high energy contents (16.2 MJ/kg), starch,comparably big contents of oil and low level of cellulose. Corn, apart from the bestdigestibility, also has the best taste compared to other grains (Bekrić, 1999).Proper conduction of the thermal process provides the reduction of thermo labileantinutritients to an acceptable level, increase of digestibility of some nutritients(proteins, oil, carbohydrates), as well as the improvement of sensory features and themicrobiological picture of the final product (Filipović et al., 2003; Kormanjoš et al.,2007). Parallel with the reduction of the contents of the antinutritients it is necessary topreserve nutritionally valuable thermo labile components, so the process requires findinga compromise between the two efforts.MATERIAL AND METHODSEstimation of production expenses of fattening poultry in case of extruded and nonextruded corn in forage mixtures is based on natural indicators determined based on theresearch conducted at the examined farm. It is an individual household which has itsown food production for animals, with a farm capacity 3000 fattening chicken in turnus.During the fattening, feeding of one half of chicken was practiced with the food thatcontained extruded corn (experiment E), while the other half was fed with a mixture inwhich the corn has not been treated (control C). Calculation of the expense for food hasbeen derived according to the standard of expenses for the preparation of animal food,based on market prices of certain kinds of food and experience normative. The expensefor other material has been calculated according to the expenditure made on the observedfarm and market prices. Investments into buildings and the equipment have beencalculated based on the performed investments on the observed household. Expenses ofthe buildings’ and equipment amortisation have been derived based on the assumedlifetime of the utilised means (Marko et al., 1998). Expenses for salaries have beencalculated in accordance with realised expenses. Expenses for the energy consumptionhave been calculated on the basis of realised expenditure of the electrical power and fuel.Apart from that, the calculation includes expenses of veterinary and selection services.Calculation of the income is based on clarification of total income from the abovementioned production, whereby the financial result presents the income from the overallproduction (Andrić, 1998).RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONDuring the analysis of the observed production, production results for both groups havebeen followed closely. The follow up was conducted on a weekly level. It is extendedfattening in duration of seven weeks. Since the feeding regime has different effectsdepending on the age of the poultry, better insight into the overall effects of the foodwith extruded corn was enabled. The main production indicators are given in the Table1. Lower mortality rate could be pointed as the most obvious result of the usage ofextruded corn in feeding. In case of feeding with forage mixture with addition of non206
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