Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumIMPROVEMENT OF QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF NATURALFEEDSThe dominant plant species on our meadows are grasses and legumes of variablenutritional quality, also weeds and some harmful and poisonous plants. With theappropriate agrotechnical measures, like irrigation, plowing, cutting and fertilizing, thebotanical composition may be changed in some areas of hunting grounds, and improvedthe quality and quantity of natural feeds (2). Natural pastures should be mowed twotimes per year, and plowed and fertilized once a year with 100 kg of mineral fertilizerper hectare (17). Those methods decrease the possibility for weeds to grow and producetheir seeds, which is changing the floristic composition and nutritive value of the greenmass.It is also important to plant fruit and other trees that produce feeds for animals in thehunting grounds (15). Such trees are oak, beech, chestnut, plum, apple, pear, mulberryand similar.PRODUCTION OF GREEN FORAGES ON MEADOWS ANDARABLE LANDAside from the improvement of natural pasture, it is possible to create new meadows insome areas. Usually they are made as mixtures of perennial grasses which have differentlife duration, morphological composition and nutritive value. Due to variability, suchmixtures are suitable for various terrains and ecological conditions. The composition ofthose mixtures depends on many factors, especially on chemical composition of the soil(19).One of the possibilities to produce green forages in hunting grounds. Most suitable forthat purpose are legumes (lucerne and others), cereals (maize, ray, oats, triticale etc.),roots and tubers (beet, potato), cabbages (canola, kale, perko…) and others.The mentioned plants may be used directly as green feeds, or as pasture, but also may beconserved for winter feeding – as hay, silage and haylage, and kept in other ways to beused when needed (3, 5). The feeds should be planted on several places in the huntingground, so that animals wander searching for them. The culture production should be ina form of a “green conveyer” so that green forages are continuously available foranimals (Table 2). Planted fields should have some fence so that animals are allowed toeat forages when they are in the optimal phase.Table 2. Areas for deer feeding, ha/animal (17)Type Fenced hunting ground Open hunting groundNatural pasture 0,10 0,05Artificial pasture 0,04 0,02Arable land 0,05 0,03214