Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumINTRODUCTIONIntensive and contemporary production in goat farming today is mostly based ontinned nutrients usage in order to prolong their usage period and also usage ofconcentrated nutrients which have been adapted for maximum use and requirementsof different categories of goats by various methods of treatment (7). Usage of thesenutrients prepared according to precise regulations and by using software for mealsand compound combining, can achieve high level results which can express thegenetic potential of goats to its fullest.Goats can be fed with about 90 types of plants which make them the top domesticruminant. They can be very choosy if given the chance but if their choice of food islimited, they are satisfied with lower quality food. However, that doesn’t mean thathigh production can be achieved with such nutrition. For a solid and adequately largeproduction, food should be of high quality and nutrition technology plays animportant role in that process.Goats are ruminant and they utilize the roughage (grass, hey and silage) very well.That is why roughage is their basic food. Accordingly, the level of production willmostly depend on the quantity and quality of those nutrients (4). Forage plants thatgoats like to eat and which are mostly used in their nutrition are: Alfalfa, Red clover,Italian rye grass, Orchard grass, Vetch, Corn, Sorghum and Sudan grass. Under theconditions in our region, various hey, silage, grass, stock kale, turnip, food industrywaste and concentrated feed are used in nutrition of goats.Compared to cows and sheep, goats are much better at utilizing food with high levelof cellulose (23). Basic meal in nutrition of goats can in large percent (90%) consistsof roughage. Concentrated feed as a supplement meal are given in much lowerdosage. However, for a normal or high production the same principles are beingapplied in nutrition of goats as in nutrition of other ruminants.Goats are real gourmands, they like regular change in their nutrition so it isrecommended for daily meal to consist of various nutrients. Good appetite and highproduction can be maintained in that way. When a meal doesn’t include grass, silageand succulent nutrients (turnips) etc can be used.Nutrition of goats is similar to the nutrition of sheep except that the choice ofnutrients is somewhat different. Basic meal consist of voluminous nutrients (about95%) while concentrated feed is given as a supplement meal in much lover dosage(8, 9, 10). However it is incorrect to consider every type of food which is inadequatefor nutrition of cows and sheep as an adequate food for nutrition of goats. It is truethat goats will consume nutrients of lower quality, especially in case of malnutrition,but that doesn’t mean that those nutrients can ensure the intake of nutrimentsnecessary for normal reproduction. Goats like regular change in their diet so it isrecommended for meals to consist of various nutrients and maintain good appetiteand high production in that way (12).GREEN FEEDDuring the vegetation period, grass, the green mass, is the best and the richest foodnutrient for goats. At the same time, it is the cheapest food and if there is enough of it154