Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumFEEDING POTENTIALS OF SERBIAN HUNTING GROUNDSHunting association of Serbia is managing an area of 7.891.318 ha of hunting groundswhere dominant species are small game and roe deer. The percentage of forests is one ofthe better parameters of suitability for life of most game animals. In that respect theVojvodina is not in very good situation (only 7.07% of forests), while Zlatibor, Raška,South Serbia, Timok, Kosovo and Metohija are in better position (above 40% forests,Table 1).Forests present suitable environment for game animals and provide natural feeds in theform of pastures, browse, seeds, mushrooms and small animals (for omnivores andcarnivores), as well as water springs. In forest environment there is very little need forsupplemental feeding, and may be considered only in cold winters with high snows (7).The lowland type of hunting ground, which is present in Vojvodina and in parts ofCentral Serbia, is much less abundant in natural feeds. The reason for that is intensiveagriculture, the use of chemicals, high density of human and animal populations. In suchcircumstances the additional feeding of game is becoming indispensable, particularlyduring the winter (1).Table 1. Overview of total hunting grounds in Serbia (14)Name ofthe areaArea, haForests andforest landsMeadowsandpasturesArablelandFruit andvineyardsOtherlandBačka 890975.60 40925.00 45078.50 703647.00 12188.00 89137.10Banat 883169.00 42001.50 109705.00 635265.00 10175.00 86022.50Srem 378491.00 69351.00 18684.00 241533.00 10961.00 37962.00Vojvodina 2152535.60 152277.50 173467.50 1580445.00 33324.00 213121.60Beograd 315685.00 36328.00 24864.00 199186.00 19835.00 35472.00Podunavlje 499469.47 118802.47 67863.00 238566.00 30751.00 43487.00Šumadija 691826.00 185420.00 110346.00 290347.00 59180.00 46533.00Kolubara 573844.00 142224.00 70931.00 288631.00 35514.00 36544.00Zlatibor 724339.00 281769.00 271713.00 113863.00 14335.00 42659.00Raška 705913.67 292860.61 169298.69 163871.30 33072.00 45811.07Timok 724269.45 302786.80 153614.50 205987.83 16481.33 45398.99SoutheasternSerbia722297.00 238461.00 174293.00 233667.00 31623.00 44253.00SouthSerbia625986.10 241498.60 155816.00 170804.00 24739.00 33128.50CentralSerbia5583629.69 1840150.48 1198739.19 1904923.13 265530.33 374286.56Kosovo 602287.00 257518.00 126476.00 183515.00 3459.00 31319.00Metohija 489976.00 207825.00 126877.00 118953.00 8532.00 27789.00Kosovoand 1092263.00 465343.00 253353.00 302468.00 11991.00 59108.00MetohijaSrbija 8828528.29 2457770.98 1625559.69 3787836.13 310845.33 646516.16213
1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumIMPROVEMENT OF QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF NATURALFEEDSThe dominant plant species on our meadows are grasses and legumes of variablenutritional quality, also weeds and some harmful and poisonous plants. With theappropriate agrotechnical measures, like irrigation, plowing, cutting and fertilizing, thebotanical composition may be changed in some areas of hunting grounds, and improvedthe quality and quantity of natural feeds (2). Natural pastures should be mowed twotimes per year, and plowed and fertilized once a year with 100 kg of mineral fertilizerper hectare (17). Those methods decrease the possibility for weeds to grow and producetheir seeds, which is changing the floristic composition and nutritive value of the greenmass.It is also important to plant fruit and other trees that produce feeds for animals in thehunting grounds (15). Such trees are oak, beech, chestnut, plum, apple, pear, mulberryand similar.PRODUCTION OF GREEN FORAGES ON MEADOWS ANDARABLE LANDAside from the improvement of natural pasture, it is possible to create new meadows insome areas. Usually they are made as mixtures of perennial grasses which have differentlife duration, morphological composition and nutritive value. Due to variability, suchmixtures are suitable for various terrains and ecological conditions. The composition ofthose mixtures depends on many factors, especially on chemical composition of the soil(19).One of the possibilities to produce green forages in hunting grounds. Most suitable forthat purpose are legumes (lucerne and others), cereals (maize, ray, oats, triticale etc.),roots and tubers (beet, potato), cabbages (canola, kale, perko…) and others.The mentioned plants may be used directly as green feeds, or as pasture, but also may beconserved for winter feeding – as hay, silage and haylage, and kept in other ways to beused when needed (3, 5). The feeds should be planted on several places in the huntingground, so that animals wander searching for them. The culture production should be ina form of a “green conveyer” so that green forages are continuously available foranimals (Table 2). Planted fields should have some fence so that animals are allowed toeat forages when they are in the optimal phase.Table 2. Areas for deer feeding, ha/animal (17)Type Fenced hunting ground Open hunting groundNatural pasture 0,10 0,05Artificial pasture 0,04 0,02Arable land 0,05 0,03214
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Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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