Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology SymposiumTable 4. Fungal species identified in feed ingredientsNo.SpeciesFeed component (%)a b c d e f g Total1. Absydia corimbifera 20 4.352. Acremonium cerealis 11 4.353. Acremonium fusidioides 20 20 8.704. Acremonium rutilum 20 4.355. Alternaria spp. 78 100 100 20 42.486. Aspergillus clavatus 60 13.047. Aspergillus flavus 11 40 60 26.098. Aspergillus fumigatus 20 20 8.709. Aspergillus ochraceus 20 20 8.7010. Aspergillus ustus 20 4.3511. Aspergillus sp. 11 100 100 20 80 34.7812. Fusarium oxysporum 100 100 20 100 17.3913. Fusarium poae 33 13.0414. Fusarium subglutinans 11 100 20 20 17.3915. Fusarium verticillioides 11 100 40 17.3916. Fusarium spp. 33 20 17.3917. Geotrichum candidum 20 4.3518. Mucor spp. 22 60 60 34.7819. Penicilliumaurantiogriseum22 20 40 100 26.0920. Penicillium spp. 33 100 100 20 40 100 39.1321. Rhizopus nigricans 20 4.3522. Scopulariopsis brevicaulis 100 20 8.7023. Scopulariopsis sp. 100 20 20 13.04Total No. of species 11 4 8 16 18 1 2Legend: a – cereals, b - herd pea, c – protilac, d - soybean cake and grits,e - sunflower pellets, f - flax seed, g – corn silageMycological analysis established the presence of 18 specieses of molds and 10 genera,respectively (Table 4). The dominance of representatives of the genus Fusarium287
1 st WorkshopXIII International Feed Technology Symposium(56.52%) was reported with F. subglutinans, F. verticillioides and F. oxysporum as themost widespread species. By the frequency followed the typical storage mycobiota - thegenus of Penicillium (47.83%) with P. aurantiogriseum as the dominant species andAspergillus (43.48%) with most common species A. flavus. Beside Fusarium spp.,significantly were represented and other field mycobiota - the genera Alternaria andMucor (30.43%). The dominance of species A. flavus, F. oxysporum and P.aurantiogriseum in fodder mixtures, as well as in food in Serbia was also found by Levićet al. [9]. The greatest number of fungal species was identified in the samples ofsunflower pellet (18) and soybean cake and grit (16) (Table 4), while the least one in thecrn silage (2). Presented results are in accordance with the results of our previous manyyears lasting researches on feed ingredients and fodder mixtures on the territory ofVojvodina [5]. Despite the findings of a number of potentially toxigenic fungal species(A. flavus, A. ochraceus, F. oxysporum, F. poae, F. subglutinans, P. aurantiogriseumetc.) in most cases mycotoxicological analysis gave negative results. From six analyzedmycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone - ZON, deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxinand diacetoxiscirpenol - DAS) only two fusariotoxins were identified during the presentstudy. In the amount of 0.294 mg/kg ZON was the contaminant of one sample of wheatgrain, and in the amount of 1.472 mg/kg was found in one sample sunflower pellet. Thepossibility of the presence of mycotoxins in sunflower pellets is considered in ourprevious investigations [2]. Unlike our current results the samples of sunflower pellet(2004 harvest) contained low concentrations of AFL B1 (0.0003 mg/kg), and moresignificant quantities of T-2 toxin (0.75 - 1.00 mg/kg). This trichotecene of type A (T-2toxin) was determined in the present study only in one sample of herd pea in theconcentration of 0.500 mg/kg. The importance of fusariotoxins as contaminants of feedmixtures and their components point out and our previous research [3]. We found thatthe main cause of mycotoxicological inaccuracy of feed samples in 2004 and 2005 inBanat region of Vojvodina was the presence of ZON and T-2 toxin in quantities higherthan the maximum one allowed by the current Regulation in the Republic of Serbia [15].CONCLUSIONOn the basis of the presented results it can be concluded that it is necessary to performregular quality control of feed components and fodder mixtures on the market in Serbia.It is not enough to track only nutritional value of these samples ie. chemical quality, butalso microbiological and mycotoxicological parameters must be taken into account dueto the fact that adequate nutrition is a prerogative of good health and the desiredproduction performance of domestic animals.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis paper was realized within TR 20016 project, financed by Ministry for Science andTechnological Development of Republic of Serbia.288
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Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ... - FINS

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