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cm long and 1/48 cm diameter. Middle cardiatic vein goes towards coronary sinus and it drains into it. This vein and interventricular subsinousal artery together lie on right longitudinal groove. Another large vein is observed in buffaloes’ heart. It is called ventricular margine vein. Results of this survey are established that buffaloes’ heart is different from other ruminants’ heart. Ruminants’ heart is monocoronary type but buffaloes’ heart is bicoronary. Key words: anatomy, buffalo, heart, vein 842 Plasma Concentrations of Testosterone and Androsteneioda in Male Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis) Originated from Tropical Regions J. Siqueira, E. Oba, R. Bittencourt, L. Leal FMVZ-UNESP, 1Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, Botucatu-SP, Brazil Despite of the important functions that the hormones play in physiology, it is observed that few studies about reproductive endocrinology are related to the male and even less to bufaline species (Ohashi, Rev Bras Reprod An, 299:31, 2007). Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the plasma levels of testosterone and androstenedione in 35 crossbred buffaloes (Murrah x Mediterranean), raised extensively in tropical region. The animals had 27.0 ± 4.08 months of age and 190.5 ± 31.79 kg of carcass weight on average. The blood of animals was collected during the slaughter, transported under refrigeration to the laboratory (FMVZ/UNESP/Botucatu-Brazil) and centrifuged (2,500 g) for 15 minutes. The plasma was stored at -70 °C. The hormonal determinations were performed by the method of radioimmunoassay (RIA). The SAS statistical program was used to evaluate mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation between the analyzed characteristics. The mean values and standard deviation of testosterone and androstenedione concentrations were respectively 124.98 ± 106.39 pg/ml and 221.14 - 272.10 ng/ml, results similar were found by Ohashi (Buffalo Journal, 12:313 -320, 1996) in crossbred buffaloes with 18 to 24 months. The testosterone concentration presented a positive correlation with body weight and androstenedione concentration (p
2 Institute for Veterinary Pathology, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Berne, Switzerland 3 Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, New York 11763, United States Objectives of study: The goal of the study was to describe the clinical findings, clinicopathologic abnormalities, serological tests, diagnostic imaging findings and necropsy results in South American Camelids (SAC) infected with Mycobacterium microti, a member of the M. tuberculosis complex. Materials and Methods: The records of 10 animals (9 llamas and 1 alpaca; aged 4 to 18 years) from 4 different herds with a history of wasting and weakness admitted to the Clinic for Ruminants and / or the Institute for Animal Pathology within a timeframe of 6 years were reviewed. Results: Clinical signs were limited to weight loss, recumbency and anorexia in late stages of the disease. The single comparative intradermal tuberculin test with bovine protein purified derivate (PPD) and avian PPD was negative in all animals. No consistent hematologic abnormalities were identified. Animals that were tested serologically positive (multiantigen print immunoassay, lateral-flow-based rapid test) were examined in detail with abdominal and thoracal ultrasound and thorax radiology. Abnormal findings such as enlarged mediastinal, mesenterial and /or hepatic lymph nodes were seen by ultrasound only in advanced cases. The infection was confirmed at necropsy in all animals by bacteriological culture and / or spoligotyping. Conclusions: An infection caused by M. microti should be considered a differential diagnosis in chronic debilitating diseases with or without respiratory signs in SAC. However, the clinical diagnosis remains challenging particularly in the early stages of the infection. Key words: lama, alpaca, tuberculosis, Mycobacterium microti 140 Point Prevalence of Bacterial and Protozoal Intestinal Pathogens in Suckling Camel Calves in Northern Kenya I. Gluecks 1 , M. Younan 2 , S. Bornstein 3 , C. Ewers 4 , W. Mueller 5 1 Veterinaires Sans Frontieres Suisse, Kenya Programs, Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya Coast Republic 2 Veterinaires sans Frontieres Germany, Somalia Program, Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya Coast Republic 3 National Veterinary University of Agricultural Science, Department of Parasitology, Uppsala, Sweden, Sweden 4 Veterinary Faculty, Free University Berlin, Institute for Microbiology and Epizootics, Berlin, Germany 5 Veterinary Faculty, Free University Berlin, Institute for Animal and Environmental Hygiene, Berlin, Germany Objective of the study: This study was conducted from 2002 to 2004 in Northern Kenya in order to investigate the prevalence of bacterial and protozoal intestinal pathogens in camel calves up to 12 weeks of age. Material and Methods: A point prevalence study was conducted to describe the existing intestinal pathogens according to age groups, health status and to compare their occurrence between two management systems. From each camel calf between birth and 12 weeks of age belonging either to ranch (n=157) or pastoralists (n=72) herds a faecal sample and rectal swab was taken for bacteriological and parasitological analysis. Results: of the 229 individual camel calves sampled in both management systems, 67.7% were healthy, 23.1% exhibiting diarrhoea, 6.6% convalescent and 2.2% dead. A higher percentage of camel calves suffering from diarrhoea were found in pastoralist herds (31.9%) as compared to ranch herds (19.2%). There was a peak of camel calves suffering from diarrhoea within the second and third week of age. Isospora sp. and Strongyloides sp. were excreted in 6.6% while only in 4.6% Strongyle sp. eggs were excreted. Isospora sp. excretion was more prevalent in pastoralist herds (12.9%) as compared to ranch herds (3.7%). Excretion of Isospora sp. was most prevalent from the second till seventh week of age, no shedding was diagnosed at an older age. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated in 26.9% (n=119), Salmonella sp. in 19.1% (n=226), and E. coli in 97.5% (n=200) of calves sampled. The point prevalences of K. pneumoniae and Salmonella sp. were particularly high in the first three weeks of age. Sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene and ITS 1 confirmed that the Isospora sp. isolates from this study belonged to the species Isospora orlovi. Out of 32 K. pneumoniae positive camel calves 18 different capsular antigens types were identified. Salmonella bovismorbificans was the most common serotype (32.6%), followed by S. butantan (21.5%), S. typhimurium (11.1%), S. kiambu (9.0%) and S. muenchen (7.6%). In 78 of the E. coli isolates virulence- associated genes were detected: eae (13.7%), astA (10.6%), hlyEHEC (4.3%) and stx (2.0%). None was positive for elt Ia/Ib and est Ia/Ib. Conclusion: The importance of the different pathogens in the health status of the camel calf and the differences occurring between the two management systems are discussed. Key words: camels, calves, diarrhoea, pastoralism, Kenya 141 Mastitis in Camels in Somalia and North Kenya I. Gluecks Veterinaires sans Frontieres Germany, Somalia Program, Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya Coast Republic In semiarid regions of the Greater Horn of Africa, in particular North Kenya and Somalia, camels are the most important dairy animal for pastoralists and play an important role in food security of nomadic households. In semiarid environments camels produce 2.5 times more milk than cows and are less dependent on water sources. Information on prevalence and importance of mastitis in pastoralist camels is very limited and control concepts to limit the impact of mastitis on milk production of camels do not exist. Several field studies were undertaken in camels in Somalia and North Kenya to obtain baseline data on mastitis prevalence and on applicable mastitis management concepts. Camel herds were visited once during the morning milking. Lactating camels were examined clinically, tested by California Mastitis Test and sampled individually. Milk was taken in an uninterrupted cold-chain to an ISO-certified private laboratory in Nairobi (Analabs Ltd.) where bacteriological cultures for the two most important infectious mastitis pathogens (Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus) were carried out. Due to security constraints in Somalia access to camel herds is very limited. In order to gain an insight into the prevalence of infectious mastitis pathogens raw camel milk sold on local markets was also sampled and analysed. Streptococcus agalactiae was found in 70% of camel milk container sampled at urban Somali milk markets and was present in 5 of 10 examined lactating camel herds. 42% of udders tested in two herds were CMT-positive and 34% of these were infected by Staphylococcus aureus. In North Kenya loss of one or more quarter was seen in 8% of 207 camels examined individually and the traditional practice of teat tying was identified as one contributing factor. Camel owners mostly focus on the few clinical mastitis cases but are unaware of widespread subclinical intramammary udder infections. Reduction of the economically most important infectious mastitis pathogens (Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus) in camel herds is desirable but no treatment or control concepts have been tested in lactating camels so far. Unlike in cattle a healthy nasopharyngeal carrier state for Streptococcus agalactiae exists in camels, which raises doubts about success of eradication attempts. Constraints to mastitis treatment and management options to reduce the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in pastoralist camels are discussed. Key words: mastitis, camels, Somalia, Kenya 142 Bilateral Surgical Fracture Repair in an Alpaca J. Declercq 1 , G. Vertenten 1 , L. Devisscher 1 , V. Barberet 2 , F. Gasthuys 1 , P. Verleyen 2 , A. Martens 1 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - University of Ghent, Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Merelbeke, Belgium 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - University of Ghent, Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals, Merelbeke, Belgium Introduction: Fractures represent one of the most common orthopaedic disorders in camelids. Although they are considered excellent patients for treatment of orthopaedic injury, fracture management can be an interesting challenge for veterinary surgeons. Case history, clinical findings and treatment: A 2-month old female alpaca, weighing 17 kg, was referred with an acute, non-weight bearing, right forelimb lameness. A closed, comminuted, non-articular, displaced, oblique fracture of the proximal radius and ulna with a dorsolateral butterfly fragment of the radius was diagnosed on radiographs. Ceftiofur sodium and carprofen were administered preoperatively and continued for 12 days. After sedation and induction, anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Methadone was administered during surgery and continued for 5 days (q 6h). During open reduction of the fracture, the butterfly fragment was fixed using 2.7mm cortical screws with lag screw technique. Application of a Camelids 145
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130. évfolyam Különszám II. Vol
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The World Buiatrics Congress (WBC)
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lood and liver tissue. Absolute vit
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RNS causes increased lipid peroxida
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An experiment was conducted to stud
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2 Hungarian Institute of Agricultur
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and plasma HCO 3 - increased from H
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Materials and Methods: Serum sample
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vitamin A stores in liver, the hypo
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andomly assigned to one of five tre
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observed in group II of the animals
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The aim of the monitoring was to co
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health group (HG) categories for an
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lactating cows is sparse. Lotan and
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491 Effect of Acarbose on Milk Yiel
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499 Secondary Hepatogenous Photosen
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they all died in a two to three day
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and HCO 3 level. The concentration
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amount of saponins was observed in
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Water was offered ad-libitum. Feed
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Se, I and Co) more than 500 blood s
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541 Variability of Blood Profile an
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evaluated, highly significantly gre
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we measured sensitivity of the enti
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were 0.17; 0.13 °C (Max.: 0.73). D
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calving pregnancy period were the b
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2 University of Nottingham, Departm
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animals) was treated with 5 mg enro
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In dairying, good management practi
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Somatic cell count (SCC) is one of
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This investigation was run in some
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eproductive data showed that cows f
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(3.6%) and others (Bacillus spp., N
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602 Coagulase Gene Polymorphism of
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2 Institute of Veterinary Bacteriol
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an important part of the pathogens
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4 Universidade de Sao Paulo, Clinic
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incubated for one hour at 37 oC. Af
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In Belgium, an increasing amount of
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Conclusion: It can be concluded tha
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calves recovered after 4 to 10 days
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disease. Thus losses were estimated
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635 Prevalence of the Pulmonary Les
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Conclusions The sanitation program
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Italy. After the sample examination
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Results: The cows sera were collect
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(Mb) as co-infecting agent is becom
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Page 100 and 101: 686 Characterisation of Cattle Orig
Page 102 and 103: using EPFC. The intradermal tubercu
Page 104 and 105: three cattle farms each. Leptospiro
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Page 110 and 111: Financial support: CNPq, CAPES, FIN
Page 112 and 113: 731 Detection and Investigation on
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Page 120 and 121: decrease in animal aggregation in p
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Page 124 and 125: 755 Study of Pulmonary Adenomatosis
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Page 128 and 129: 2006 was observed a small decreasin
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Page 132 and 133: 2 University of Veterinary Medicine
Page 134 and 135: 794 Serum Haptoglobin and Fibrinoge
Page 136 and 137: complete random design (CRD). The r
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Page 142 and 143: concentrations of the goat milk, in
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Page 160 and 161: In the last year 2006, in the perio
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Page 166 and 167: The level of antibodies produced in
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Page 172 and 173: 1111 The Prevalence of Hock Lesions
Page 174 and 175: Objectives: To evaluate two differe
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Page 178 and 179: 1134 A Comparison between Two Calf
Page 180 and 181: The present work aimed to investiga
Page 182 and 183: University College Dublin, School o
Page 184 and 185: 214 Cystic Ovarian Diseases in Dair
Page 186 and 187: inseminator were tested in regressi
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improve embryonic development are m
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in each sample). On day 0, 104 cows
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1 Warsaw University of Life Science
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and durable spermatozoa. Within the
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motility and CM integrity (p=0.869
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the median number of attempted moun
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909 The effect of “GnRH” and
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3 COOPEVOLIA, Centre Zootechnique,
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923 Production of Bovine Blackleg V
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Institute of Physiology and Sanocre
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2 University College Dublin, Animal
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(I.M.) 1 mg of estradiol cipionate
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Lameness results in major economic
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methods; ANOVA (with binary classif
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Initially two radiographs were obta
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number of positive faecal samples d
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Pfizer Animal Health, Veterinary Me
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Key words: calf, active immunity, p
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1 University of Camerino, Veterinar
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vaccinated (Group II) with Pastobov
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# Antigens Association in diarrhea
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1015 Prevalence of Eimeria Infectio
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group showed higher serum lactate c
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thymus in calves and heifers with c
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concentrations of calves with umbil
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The goal of this paper is to expose
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187 Cooling Strategies to Improve M
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inspections, carried out by specifi
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The origin of Hungarian Grey cattle
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University of Warmia and Mazury in
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POSTER ABSTRACTS 1225 The Effect of
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multiple fracture (n=1, 1.3%). The
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position. A fusiform skin incision
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Conclusions: It is the first presen
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1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, A
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of 101.55±4.94 mmHg. Afterwards th
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In Mexico, there is a wide variety
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Cardiovascular disorders are common
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Conclusion: The total contamination
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Material and methods: The trial inc
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detection of M. wenyonii infection.
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390 Study on Attenuation Mechanisms
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POSTER ABSTRACTS 1152 Detection of
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digestion. It works only on Apicomp
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determined. In addition the surface
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Africa and Europe, which causes mor
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Results: On D0, the animals include
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addition of mineral salt, during 12
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digestion could be improved with im
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Ltd., Blandford Forum, UK). The air
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cattle ocular squamous cell carcino
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pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK
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Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV)
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significantly lower in groups vacci
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5.00+0.67 and 4.94+0.15 mEq/l in th
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potable water and food, avoiding st
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equal distributions at 08:00 and 16
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electrochemical properties of the a
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Selenium was discovered as an essen
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growth by measuring BW at 15-day in
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influence of different risk factors
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performances of primiparous cows ar
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anaerobes. Aerobic bacteria isolate
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P4 12 to 24 hours before calving is
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exists about Mb prevalence in dairy
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frequency of animals with BoHV anti
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esults, supported by a decrease in
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international drivers of change. Th
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The performance of two groups of no
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spasm is accompanied by kyphosis, w
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occurrence of a crisis of stiffness
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Notices 336 XXV. Jubilee World Buia
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