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390 Study on Attenuation Mechanisms in Iranian Theileria annulata Macroschizont-infected Cell Lines G. Habibi 1 , S. Bozorgi 1 , K. Esmaeil-Nia 1 , R. Hashemi-Fesharki 1 , N. Bordbar 2 1 Razi Institute, Protozoology, Karaj, Iran 2 Razi Institute, Quality Control, Karaj, Iran Theileria annulata, the causative agent of theileriosis is tick-born parasitic protozoa and is highly pathogenic for cattle. Attenuated vaccines are an important means of controlling Theileria annulata infection of cattle. Production is by prolonged cultivation of macroschizont-infected cells. The sporozoites of Theileria annulata invade bovine MHC II cells, where they differentiate into schizonts. The latter can immortalize and induce fundamental changes in their host cells. The mechanisms underlying this transformation are not understood. In this study, three theileria annulata infected cell line were studied, “Sa” vaccine strain and two other theileria annulata-infected cell lines “C1 and C2”. The purposes of this work were to analyze that prolonged in vitro culture of Theileria-infected cell lines results in their attenuation and this process is associated with alterations in both host and parasite gene expression. The results demonstrated that, the infected cell lines show increased specific transcripts for bovine MMP9 in low passage cultures, but it decreased in attenuated cell lines (Sa vaccine strain and high passage of C1 and C2 cell lines). In addition the level of transcription for pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and TNF) and Tams1 are studied and discussed in this study. In conclusion, the results of this work clearly showed that the level of MMP9 transcripts are in contrast with the amounts of Tams1 mRNAs in T. annulata schizont infected cell lines for virulence and attenuation respectively. Understanding the mechanisms of virulence and attenuation of infected cell line by using molecular biology methods and in vivo animal experiments could help to increase our knowledge about attenuation mechanisms and preparing and identifying appropriate cell lines in order to develop the new Theileria annulata vaccine cell lines. Key words: Theileria annulata, matrix-metalloproteinase attenuation 391 Evaluation of Skin DTH Theilerin Test as an Index of Immunity against Theileriosis after Vaccination K. Esmaeilnia 1 , M. Khani 2 , G. Habibi 1 , R. Hashemi-Fesharki 1 1 Razi Institute, Protozoology, Karaj, Iran 2 Private Praxis, Karaj, Iran Bovine theileriosis due to Theileria annulata is the most important parasitic disease of cattle and an obstacle in development of animal husbandry economy in Iran. Vaccination against theileriosis is one of the most effective routes of control and prevention of the disease. Theileria annulata vaccine has been produced in Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute for a long period in Iran and vaccinated cattle show good resistance to the disease for at least 1 year. But due to many factors , the amount of production is not sufficient for the need of the country , so , evaluation of the period of protective immunity can play an important role in the effectiveness of this strategy in control of theileriosis. For this purpose dairy cows of 7 conventional farms in endemic region of Bouin-Zahra (Ghazvin province) were covered. Two methods including Theilerin (Delayed type Hypersensitivity) and ELISA tests were used as the indices for evaluation of cellular and humoral immunity , and according to a programmed time table , we tried to evaluate the protection in the periods of 1, 2 and 3 years after vaccination. The data were analyzed statistically and according to the results, the Theilerin skin test could be used as an index for detection of the level of protection in vaccinated cattle, and the sensitivity and specificity of this method were calculated as 88 and 31.5 %, respectively, in comparison with ELISA. But because of variety and the loss of solidity in the results the serological test was not reliable for this purpose, and must be replaced by another method for the future surveys. Key words: DTH test, Theileriosis, vaccination 392 Laboratory Evaluation of Three Strains of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium Anisopliae for Controlling Hyalomma Anatolicum Anatolicum and Haemaphysalis Punctata M. Tavassoli 1 , A. Ownag 2 , R. Meamari 1 , S. Rahmani 1 , K. Mardani 3 , T. Butt 3 276 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Urmia, Iran 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Urmia, Iran 3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene, Urmia, Iran Objectives of study: Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and Haemaphysalis punctata are widely distributed and harmful ectoparasites of livestock and vector of disease agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate 3 strains of M. anisopliae against H. anatolicum anatolicum and H. punctata. Materials and Methods: Three strains of M. anisopliae strains were used in this study. Engorged female of H. anatolicum anatolicum and H. punctata were collected from the naturally infested sheep and after sterilized in 70% ethanol transferred to Petri dishes and incubated at 28° C and 80% RH. After laying eggs the emerged larvae’s were used in bioassays. The treatments were conducted by immersing larval stage (at least 20 larvae/Petri dish) in the spore suspension. All treated and untreated ticks were observed by day interval up to 18 day to detect dead ticks and signs of mycosis. Three replicates were made for each suspension. Results: The larval stages of H. anatolicum anatolicum and H. punctata were susceptible to three strains of M. anisopliae, but the degree of virulence of fungal strains varied considerably (p
p-nitroanilide, Ná-CBZ-L-Lysine p-Nitrophenyl Ester and Hemoglobin for cytoplasmic proteins and cell membrane bound proteins. Then, enzyme like trypsin, enzyme like chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase B, cathepsin C, cathepsin B and cathepsin D were detected using above substrates respectively. Our results show that enzyme like trypsin is a membrane bound protein, but carboxypeptidase B, cathepsin C, cathepsin B and cathepsin D included in the cytoplasm of mid-gut cells . There is no enzyme like chymotrypsin in mid-gut cells of tick. Key words: Hyalomma, tick, protease, detection, assay 429 Current Progress in the Development of Fascioliosis Vaccines with the Possibility of Cross Protection against Schistosomiasis A. Derbala, E. Abdel Rahman National Research Center, parasitology, Giza, Egypt Fascioliosis is an important trematode infection of herbivoera worldwide with increasing evidence of prevalence as a disease of humans.Vaccination studies with purifed native and recombinant Fasciola antigens suggest that this approach is a realistic goal and its future prospect is optimistic. Among the major potential vaccine candidate are fatty acid binding protein(FABP), cysteine(cathepsin) proteases. Haemoglobin, leucine aminopeptidase and a saposin-likr protein. In addition to protective effects with significnt worm burden reduction, some vaccine candidates also have anti-fecundity, antipathology and anti-embryonation effects.In the case of Fasciola hepatica FABP, cross- reaction and cross-protection against Schistosoma mansoni is an important feature. The possiblity of developing multipurpose vaccine for both veterinary and human use is a fundemental significance in terms of real progress towards effective immunoprophylaxsis against helminthiasis. Key words: Fascioliosis, Schistosomiasis, vaccine, human, animal 430 Gastro-intestinal Nematodes Prevalence in Dairy and Meat Grazing Calves on Tropical Climate in Mexico L. Encalada 1 , M. Lopez 2 , P. Mendoza 2 , E. Liebano 2 1 Universidad Autonoma de Campeche, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escarcega, Campeche, Mexico, Mexico 2 INIFAP, CENIDPAVET, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico, Mexico The main aims of this work was determinate the prevalence and level of gastrointestinal nematodes infection on grazing calves in a tropical climate localized in Escarcega Campeche, district of Mexico. Five-hundred eight Bos indicus and Bos taurus cross-breed calves were selected and divided in two groups (I and II), according to the age. The first one was studied since they were born to three months of age and the second one was studied from four to seven months-age. All calves were grazing for 12 months under tropical climate following all husbandry procedure, of the farm. Parasitological samples were analyzed each month and number of eggs per gram was determinate by McMaster technique. ANOVA analyses and the statistical test Holm-Sidak were used. Then, all results were analyzed following three main criteria: low infection when the number of eggs per gram (epg) was from 50 to 500; mild infection when the number of epg was from 550-1000 and high infection when the number of epg was >1050. The prevalence results showed statistical differences (P< 0.01) between groups I and II of (62.31%) a and (80.15%) b , respectively. On the other hand, the level of infection showed statistical differences (P< 0.01) determined by epg was around (61.40%) a for almost all the evaluated periods, considering this result as low level of infection, followed by (23.90%) b of middle infection and (14.69%) b to those which showed high level of gastro-intestinal epg. In addition, genus such as Cooperia spp, Haemonchus spp and Oesophagostomus sp were identified through the 12 months evaluated, although, Cooperia spp appeared to be the most frequent genus in calves. However, no association was observed between the prevalence and level in infection of gastrointestinal nematodes and a specific annual season (rain, north wind and dry seasons). In conclusion, most of the naturally infected calves acquired low level of infection comparing with the 14.69% which were severely affected by gastrointestinal nematodes. Also, the main nematode genus identified in Escarcega, Campeche as tropical region was Cooperia spp. Key words: calves, gastro-intestinal nematodes, tropical region 431 Using Dot-ELISA for Detection of Experimental Babesia ovis Infection in Lambs K. Esmaeilnia 1 , R. Hashemi-Fesharki 1 , S. Nouri Ale-Agha 2 1 Razi Institute, Protozoology, Karaj, Iran 2 Private Praxis, Tehran, Iran Four Splenectomized and 16 intact lambs were divided into 5 groups, and 4 groups were inoculated with 10 7 and 10 8 B. ovis infected RBCs, and a group remained intact as negative controls, and were kept under daily observations for clinical signs of babesiosis including fever and hemoglobinuria. When fever occurred, peripheral blood smears prepared daily and after Giemsa staining , examined microscopically and blood sampling performed for serum preparation and preservation. Fever and parasitaemia, both occurred at 5 dpi. Parasitaemia reached to a peak of 17% at 9 dpi and then gradually decreased. All of the splenectomized lambs, and also 4 lambs of other infected groups were dead during the first 20 days of experiments, but the others survived and the experiment continued by them. First occurance of anti Babesia antibodies was at 16 days post inoculation, when the parasitemia had felt down to less than 1%, but the antibodies were distinguishable even after 1 year post inoculation by this method. Somehow the IFA only detected these antibodies up to 9 months post inoculation. According to the results, Dot-ELISA is a suitable method for field studies on the prevalence of babesiosis and is more sensitive in comparison with IFA. Key words: Babesia ovis, Dot-ELISA, experimental infection 432 Prevalence Study of Eimeria Species in Swedish Cattle A. Forslid1 , J. Dahl2 , D. Christensson3 1 Veterinary Practice, Veterinary Professional Services, Uppsala, Sweden 2 Bayer Health Care, Animal Health Division, Copenhagen, Denmark 3 National Veterinary Institute, Parasitology, Uppsala, Sweden Objectives of Study: No previous prevalence studies of pathogen Eimeria species (E. bovis and E. zuernii) in cattle have been done in Sweden. A study was performed in Swedish cattle herds to assess the prevalence of pathogen Eimeria species. Materials and Methods: 99 cattle farms spread all over Sweden were chosen for the study. Herd size varied from 30 - 980 cows. The study was conducted during the stable period of 2006. 541 calves between 3 weeks and 9 months of age were sampled. The calves were held in groups after weaning and the samples were taken 3 weeks after regrouping. Faeces was collected from the rectum. Animals that had been treated with anticoccidials were excluded from the study. The laboratory examined the samples for presence of oocysts of Eimeria and if found positive, the oocysts were further speciated. A statistical evaluation was performed to assess, whether the observed herd prevalence was compatible with the assumption, that all herds were positive for either E. bovis or E. zuernii. Results: Between 1 and 12 samples were taken from 99 farms. In total 541 calves were sampled. 23 % of all individual samples were positive for either E. bovis or E. zuernii. 18 % of all calves were positive for E. bovis and 9 % were positive for E. zuernii. 61 % of all the farms had at least one individual with E. bovis and/or E. zuernii (55% E. bovis and 35% E. zuernii). The number of positive farms was dependent on the number of samples per farm. 52 % of herds sampled with 5 or fewer samples were positive for pathogenic Eimeria, while 81 % of herds sampled with more than 5 samples were positive. Statistical tests showed that the hypothesis, that all herds were positive for pathogenic Eimeria could not be rejected. 32% of all the farms had calves with diarrhoea at the day of sampling. 38 calves had diarrhoea. Calves with high levels of E. zuernii had a significantly higher risk of having diarrhoea at the visit. Calves in herds, where other calves where positive for E. bovis had higher risk of having diarrhoea.There was no significant difference in age between positive or negative calves. Conclusions: The study showed a high prevalence of E bovis and E zuernii. No significant differences were found between different parts of the country. The farm prevalence depended very much on the number of samples per farm. It is possible, that all herds are infected with pathogenic Eimeria species. Key words: Coccidia, Eimeria, cattle, diarrhoea, prevalence Parasitology 277
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130. évfolyam Különszám II. Vol
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The World Buiatrics Congress (WBC)
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lood and liver tissue. Absolute vit
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RNS causes increased lipid peroxida
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An experiment was conducted to stud
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2 Hungarian Institute of Agricultur
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and plasma HCO 3 - increased from H
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Materials and Methods: Serum sample
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vitamin A stores in liver, the hypo
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andomly assigned to one of five tre
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observed in group II of the animals
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The aim of the monitoring was to co
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health group (HG) categories for an
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lactating cows is sparse. Lotan and
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491 Effect of Acarbose on Milk Yiel
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499 Secondary Hepatogenous Photosen
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they all died in a two to three day
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and HCO 3 level. The concentration
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amount of saponins was observed in
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Water was offered ad-libitum. Feed
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Se, I and Co) more than 500 blood s
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541 Variability of Blood Profile an
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evaluated, highly significantly gre
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we measured sensitivity of the enti
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were 0.17; 0.13 °C (Max.: 0.73). D
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calving pregnancy period were the b
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2 University of Nottingham, Departm
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animals) was treated with 5 mg enro
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In dairying, good management practi
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Somatic cell count (SCC) is one of
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This investigation was run in some
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eproductive data showed that cows f
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(3.6%) and others (Bacillus spp., N
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602 Coagulase Gene Polymorphism of
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2 Institute of Veterinary Bacteriol
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an important part of the pathogens
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4 Universidade de Sao Paulo, Clinic
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incubated for one hour at 37 oC. Af
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In Belgium, an increasing amount of
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Conclusion: It can be concluded tha
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calves recovered after 4 to 10 days
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disease. Thus losses were estimated
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635 Prevalence of the Pulmonary Les
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Conclusions The sanitation program
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Italy. After the sample examination
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Results: The cows sera were collect
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(Mb) as co-infecting agent is becom
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distributed over 13 different fatte
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main infection sources to the urban
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686 Characterisation of Cattle Orig
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using EPFC. The intradermal tubercu
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three cattle farms each. Leptospiro
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(cELISA) only to definitively confi
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1 Islamic Azad University of Shahre
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Financial support: CNPq, CAPES, FIN
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731 Detection and Investigation on
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necropsied, tissue samples were tak
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aseline values. The mean HCO 3, PCO
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immunization with either the curren
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decrease in animal aggregation in p
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747 Effect of Dietary Supplementati
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755 Study of Pulmonary Adenomatosis
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1 University of Erciyes, Faculty of
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2006 was observed a small decreasin
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for O69 strain), and clinical signs
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2 University of Veterinary Medicine
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794 Serum Haptoglobin and Fibrinoge
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complete random design (CRD). The r
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- Ca, Mg, K, and Ca:P ratio were lo
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818 Cerebral Coenurosis in a Goat:
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concentrations of the goat milk, in
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was significant and showed that bre
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cm long and 1/48 cm diameter. Middl
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circular external skeletal fixator
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847 Llama Anesthesia for Orthopedic
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28 Preliminary Results of a General
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Israeli commercial dairy herds cons
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109 Association between Johne’s D
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195 Changes in Plasma Beta-Carotene
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In the last year 2006, in the perio
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serious economic concern in the fat
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was a cumulative incidence rate of
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The level of antibodies produced in
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1096 Determination of Risk Indicato
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ParaCheck, CSL/Biocor, Australia (C
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1111 The Prevalence of Hock Lesions
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Objectives: To evaluate two differe
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1126 Relationships between Paratube
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1134 A Comparison between Two Calf
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The present work aimed to investiga
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University College Dublin, School o
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214 Cystic Ovarian Diseases in Dair
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inseminator were tested in regressi
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University of Nottingham, Animal He
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tissue (8,6 cm 2 ) was twice as lar
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libido in unmotivated males. Simila
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groups according to their diameter
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improve embryonic development are m
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in each sample). On day 0, 104 cows
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1 Warsaw University of Life Science
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and durable spermatozoa. Within the
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motility and CM integrity (p=0.869
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the median number of attempted moun
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909 The effect of “GnRH” and
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3 COOPEVOLIA, Centre Zootechnique,
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923 Production of Bovine Blackleg V
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Institute of Physiology and Sanocre
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2 University College Dublin, Animal
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(I.M.) 1 mg of estradiol cipionate
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Lameness results in major economic
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methods; ANOVA (with binary classif
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Initially two radiographs were obta
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number of positive faecal samples d
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Page 230 and 231: Key words: calf, active immunity, p
Page 232 and 233: 1 University of Camerino, Veterinar
Page 234 and 235: vaccinated (Group II) with Pastobov
Page 236 and 237: # Antigens Association in diarrhea
Page 238 and 239: 1015 Prevalence of Eimeria Infectio
Page 240 and 241: group showed higher serum lactate c
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Page 246 and 247: The goal of this paper is to expose
Page 248 and 249: 187 Cooling Strategies to Improve M
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Page 252 and 253: The origin of Hungarian Grey cattle
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Page 256 and 257: POSTER ABSTRACTS 1225 The Effect of
Page 258 and 259: multiple fracture (n=1, 1.3%). The
Page 260 and 261: position. A fusiform skin incision
Page 262 and 263: Conclusions: It is the first presen
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Page 266 and 267: of 101.55±4.94 mmHg. Afterwards th
Page 268 and 269: In Mexico, there is a wide variety
Page 270 and 271: Cardiovascular disorders are common
Page 272 and 273: Conclusion: The total contamination
Page 274 and 275: Material and methods: The trial inc
Page 276 and 277: detection of M. wenyonii infection.
Page 280 and 281: POSTER ABSTRACTS 1152 Detection of
Page 282 and 283: digestion. It works only on Apicomp
Page 284 and 285: determined. In addition the surface
Page 286 and 287: Africa and Europe, which causes mor
Page 288 and 289: Results: On D0, the animals include
Page 290 and 291: addition of mineral salt, during 12
Page 292 and 293: digestion could be improved with im
Page 294 and 295: Ltd., Blandford Forum, UK). The air
Page 296 and 297: cattle ocular squamous cell carcino
Page 298 and 299: pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK
Page 300 and 301: Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV)
Page 302 and 303: significantly lower in groups vacci
Page 304 and 305: 5.00+0.67 and 4.94+0.15 mEq/l in th
Page 306 and 307: potable water and food, avoiding st
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Page 310 and 311: electrochemical properties of the a
Page 312 and 313: Selenium was discovered as an essen
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Page 320 and 321: anaerobes. Aerobic bacteria isolate
Page 322 and 323: P4 12 to 24 hours before calving is
Page 324 and 325: exists about Mb prevalence in dairy
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esults, supported by a decrease in
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international drivers of change. Th
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The performance of two groups of no
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spasm is accompanied by kyphosis, w
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occurrence of a crisis of stiffness
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Notices 336 XXV. Jubilee World Buia
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