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spasm is accompanied by kyphosis, which is often terminated by tremor of the hindquarters. During the attack one hind leg may be lift laterally in partial flexion. The literature is lacking in complete research on Spastic Syndrome and the few reports which included morphological examinations failed to find significant outcomes and concluded that the syndrome is a type of idiopathic or true muscle cramps. 366 Genetic Diseases of the Dexter Breed: Chondrodysplasia and Hydrops Fetalis with Pulmonary Hypoplasia I. Tammen, J. Cavanagh, P. Windsor, F. Nicholas, H. Raadsma Faculty of Veterinary Science - University of Sydney, ReproGen, Sydney, Australia A form of dwarfism, commonly known as bulldog dwarfism, has been reported in Dexter cattle since the 19th century and presents one of the earliest single-locus gene disorders described in animals. Affected foetuses display extreme disproportionate dwarfism due to chondrodysplasia and are aborted or die at birth, whereas heterozygotes present with a milder form of disproportionate dwarfism - the “shortlegged” phenotype. We have identified two mutations cosegregating with the disease in the bovine aggrecan gene (ACAN): a common 4-bp insertion in exon 11 and a rarer transition in exon 1. Commercial DNA testing is now available to control this disorder. 367 Genetic Diseases of Japanese Breeds T. Kunieda Okayama University, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama, Japan In the breeding of domestic animals, selection of economically desired traits has been the most important consideration for the improvement of animals, but exclusion of negative factors in animal production, such as genes for hereditary diseases, is also required for the genetic improvement of domestic animals. The incidences of many recessive hereditary diseases have been reported in Japanese beef cattle breeds and these diseases have caused serious problems for breeding of the beef cattle. These diseases include Chediak-Higashi syndrome, renal tubular dysplasia, chondrodysplastic dwarfism, factor XI deficiency, and congenital eye abnormality. We have identified the mutations responsible for these diseases by positional or functional cloning method and established the genotyping systems which can be used for identification of the carriers of these diseases. The allelic frequencies of the disease alleles and incidences of these diseases in the population of the cattle have remarkably reduced by application of these genotyping systems. 368 Surveillance Programmes for Genetic Recessives: the Experience of Danish Bovine Genetic Disease Programme J. Agerholm University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Frederiksberg, Denmark The Danish bovine genetic disease programme was established in 1989 by the breeding associations, the Faculty of Life Sciences and the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration. The aim was to establish a system that could handle suspected cases of inherited defects and to create a surveillance programme. The system was founded on research in pathology to ensure a high degree of diagnostic reliability and it should be able to handle cases independently of the breeding associations.The programme was initially faced by problems created by spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in Danish Red cattle. The prevalence of SMA seemed to be very high. The first step was to differentiate between SMA and other disorders, which automatically led to the second step of identifying heterozygous sires. Once heterozygous males had been identified, these could be taken out of service thus reducing the prevalence of SMA. During the surveillance of SMA, cases were submitted with other clinical signs, i.e. congenital recumbency. Histopathology demonstrated myelin defects in the spinal cord, while genealogic examinations showed a familial pattern. The lesions corresponded to Spinal Dysmyelination, a disorder already identified by German researchers. The prevalence was reduced during the following years by identification and culling of carriers.The bovine leukocyte 332 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008 adhesion deficiency (BLAD) was identified in Denmark based on reports from USA and Japan. The disorder had remained undetected. The prevalence of BLAD was reduced to around zero within less that a year, as the molecular basis for the disorder was known and genotyping tests were available.The Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) syndrome was identified in Denmark in 1999. Identification of carriers was initially based on progeny examination, but was rapidly replaced by genotyping thus making a rapid decrease in prevalence possible. The strength of the Danish surveillance programme is the solid core of researchers dealing with inherited disorders, the awareness among veterinarians and cattle advisers and the high level of pedigree registrations in Danish cattle. The weakness of the system is the farmers’ reluctance to report malformed calves while still available for examination and the difficulties associated with dispatching cases for laboratory examination. The surveillance focuses on disorders detectable by the breeder or veterinarian, mostly disorders in the skin, skeletal or neuromuscular systems. 369 Surveillance Programmes for Genetic Recessives: the Experience of the French Bovine Genetic Disease Observatory A. Eggen 1 , L. Manciaux 2 , S. Floriot 1 , A. Malafosse 3 , A. Ducos 4 1 INRA, Laboratoire de Génétique Biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Jouy en Josas, France 2 CEIA du Doubts et du Territoire de Belfort, Laboraoire de Génétique Biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Roulans, France 3 UNCEIA, PARIS, France 4 INRA, Station d'Amelioration Génétique des Animaux, Centre de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France The so called “French Bovine Genetic Disease Observatory” aims at an early detection of hereditary defects in cattle populations. It was built up in 2002 by the INRA Department of Animal Genetics and all representative professional organizations involved in cattle production and breeding. A standardized sheet allowing the declaration and description of congenital defects has been widely diffused. More than 2000 individual declarations have been received to date, i.e. between 350 and 550 per year. Eighty percent of these declarations concerned the Holstein Friesian breed. Only two particular defects were recurrently reported. 370 The World-database of the Genetic Diseases of the Brown Breed L. Casanova European Brown Swiss Federation, Zug, Switzerland Genetic defects can only be fought by means of breeding, if they are recognized and announced in the field. The diagnosis of the defect as well as the ancestry of the affected animals are to be confirmed by suitable laboratory procedures. Recognized carriers of genetic defects have to be marked afterwards. This assures the information of the breeders. Since bulls are marketed world-wide today, it is indispensable that the information on genetic defects is interlaced internationally. In the year 2002, the European Brown Swiss Federation decided to develop an international data base for genetic defects in the Brown Swiss breed. This data base is operated by the Swiss Brown Cattle Breeders' Federation and contains the current information on the genetic defect status of male animals. 410 The Point of View of the Geneticists: Genetic Analysis of Congenital Anomalies in Cattle in the Age of the Genome Sequence C. Droegemueller University of Berne, Institute of Animal Breeding, Bern, Switzerland In the past the molecular genetic analysis of congenital anomalies in cattle was hindered by limited knowledge of the bovine genome. Therefore there were only few examples of successful molecular exploration of particularly monogenic inherited bovine disorders. With the decision to sequence the bovine genome project the situation changed in the year 2005 and today we have more or less excellent genomic resources for studying genetic conditions in cattle. Recently an appropriate mapping tool (SNP chip) for whole
genome association mapping in cattle became available. These outstanding bovine genome resources together with the well characterised relationship between the human and cattle genomes currently facilitate analyses of well known simple diseases as well as more complex inherited traits in cattle. 411 The Point of View of the Geneticists: Online-based Approach to the Genetic Diseases of Cattle I. Tammen, F. Nicholas Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, ReproGen, Sydney, Australia The increasing information on inherited diseases in animals can make it difficult for veterinarians, animal breeders and scientist to keep up to date with emerging inherited disorders. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA: http://omia.angis.org.au/) is a database created by one of us (FWN) to summarise all the available information on inherited disorders and traits in more than 135 animal species (other than human and mouse, which have their own resources). There are currently 369 entries for cattle, including 37 disorders for which a molecular explanation (and hence DNA testing) is available. The database contains textual information and references, as well as links to relevant PubMed and Gene records at the National Center for Biotechology Information (NCBI), and is cross-referenced with the equivalent human database OMIM. By providing remote curator access, the database provides opportunities for experts in the field to enter additional information. 412 Approach to the Genetic Diseases of a Service Company: Swissgenetics A. Pozzatti Swissgenetics, Zollikofen, Switzerland The following points summarize the monitoring system and the procedures carried out at different levels by the Swissgenetics in order to avoid the spreading of recessives in cattle population improved by its sires. Breeding Organizations: - Survey and analysis of information collected from progeny testing - Observing the frequency of hereditary defects in the different breeds and reporting - Keeping a list of the known hereditary defects and establishing a chart of the carrier-bulls for each breed Business Process Genetics: - Collecting data from the Breeding Associations - Checking the male veal calves, before purchase, for hereditary defects, as far as a test is available - Keeping a list of the known hereditary defects and establishing a chart of the hereditary defects of Swissgenetics bulls - Applying for measures - Converting the measures Business Process Production: - Clinical and eventually cytogenetic exam of the bulls - Technical support in keeping the list of hereditary defects - Up-dating of the documents 413 The so Called Paunch Calf Syndrome in Romagnola Calves A. Gentile 1 , M. Rossi 1 , C. Droegemueller 2 1 University of Bologna, Veterinary Clinical Department, Bologna, Italy 2 University of Berne, Institute of Animal Breeding, Bern, Switzerland “Paunch Calf” is the term used to indicate a congenital defect observed recently in Romagnola and Chianina calves.Calves show enlarged and floating abdomen and facial deformities characterized by shortened and flattened face and in some cases by enlarged head. A disproportionate shortness of the limbs (rhizomelia) is seldom observed. More frequent is the presence of cleft palate and the lack of an accessory hoof. At necropsy all animals show marked subcutaneous oedema, especially in the ventral part of the abdominal wall. Different quantities of ascitic fluid are constantly present in the abdominal cavity. Trasudate in pleural and pericardial cavity can also be present. Another characterizing aspect is the moderate to severe diffuse hepatic fibrosis, associated to the presence of hepatic cysts, containing serous or reddish fluid.Microscopic examination of the liver reveals an extensive distortion of lobular architecture with widespread fibrosis in periportal areas and around centrolobular veins. In some lobules the fibrosis is extended to perisinusoidal spaces. Cardiac malformations (atrial and/or interventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) constitute frequent accompanying findings. 414 Congenital Muscular Dystony in the Belgian Blue Breed F. Rollin, S. Vandeputte, H. Guyot, K. Touati, D. Desmecht, C. Charlier, M. Georges University of Liege - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege, Belgium Over the last decades, two different forms of Congenital Muscular Dystony (CMD) were observed with an increasing incidence (0.1- 0.2%) in Belgian Blue (BB) calves. CMD1 calves present since birth various degrees of dysphagia and locomotor troubles. In most cases, they are unable to get up without help. Once standing up, some hesitate to move in a voluntary way and are quickly tired whereas others walk with more ease. When they are stimulated or pushed, they become stiff and fall without flexing the legs, like a plank. When suckling, they show swallowing difficulties associated with a stertorous cough and tachypnoea. They usually die within a few weeks as a result of recumbency and respiratory complications, but a few calves adapt to their handicap and survive in spite of obvious growth retardation. The first symptoms of CMD2 are generally detected on the occasion of the C-section, when the calf still is in the uterus. They consist of severe episodes of myoclonus of long duration triggered off by tactile or acoustic stimulation. These calves die within a few hours of birth if fits of apnea are not prevented by IM diazepam administration. Clinically, CMD2 is clearly reminiscent of congenital myoclonus described in Hereford cattle. Genealogical analysis suggested that both CMD1 and 2 were recessive inherited defects. Recently, the genes and causative mutations of these defects were located on the chromosome BTA25 and 29, respectively for the CMD1 and 2 (Charlier et al., 2008: http://www.nature.com/ naturegenetics).For CMD1, DNA sequencing revealed a missense mutation (C1676T) leading to a R559C substitution in exon 14 of ATP2A1, which encodes a fasttwitch skeletal-muscle Ca++ ATPase. ATP 2A1 (also known as SERCA1) is responsible for pumping Ca++ from the cytosol back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, thereby inducing muscle relaxation. The mutation regarding CMD2 concerns SLC6A5 that encodes the Na+/Cl- dependent glycine transporter (GlyT2), so disrupting presynaptic uptake of glycine by GlyT2. The corresponding human disorders for CMD1 and 2 are Brody myopathy and hyperekplexia, respectively. All BB A.I. sires were genotyped for both defects and it was found that 11.4% were carriers of CMD1, 4.6% of CMD2 and 0.6% of both. 415 Congenital Pseudo-myotonia in Chianina Cattle S. Testoni 1 , A. Gentile 2 , P. Boni 3 1 University of Padova, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Padova, Italy 2 University of Bologna, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Bologna, Italy 3 Bovine Practitioner, Bovine Practitioner, Perugia, Italy The authors present a new muscle function disorder observed in genetically related Chianina animals. The main clinical feature is an exercise-induced muscle contracture. When animals are stimulated to move faster, the muscles immediately become stiff and temporary “freeze up”, inducing a stiff gait. Scuffing the toe and bunny hopping are other progressive exercise-induced findings in the hind legs, whereas goose-stepping and circumduction (swinging outwards) are additional alterations in the front legs. Animals also experience general muscular stiffening when startled, associated with a retraction of the bulbi and prominence of the third eyelid. During the startle-elicited episodes consciousness is preserved. At a slow pace, the animals do not show any stiffness, even when walking for a long time; no sign of weakness is noted. Symptoms are evident since birth and remain practically unchanged for life. Biochemistry usually shows slightly increased levels of CK, LDH and AST. L-Lactate is practically normal at rest and after a crisis-free slow paced walk, but increases immediately after stronger exercise accompanied by the Genetics Diseases Workshop 333
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130. évfolyam Különszám II. Vol
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The World Buiatrics Congress (WBC)
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lood and liver tissue. Absolute vit
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RNS causes increased lipid peroxida
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An experiment was conducted to stud
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2 Hungarian Institute of Agricultur
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and plasma HCO 3 - increased from H
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Materials and Methods: Serum sample
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vitamin A stores in liver, the hypo
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andomly assigned to one of five tre
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observed in group II of the animals
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The aim of the monitoring was to co
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health group (HG) categories for an
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lactating cows is sparse. Lotan and
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491 Effect of Acarbose on Milk Yiel
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499 Secondary Hepatogenous Photosen
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they all died in a two to three day
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and HCO 3 level. The concentration
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amount of saponins was observed in
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Water was offered ad-libitum. Feed
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Se, I and Co) more than 500 blood s
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541 Variability of Blood Profile an
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evaluated, highly significantly gre
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we measured sensitivity of the enti
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were 0.17; 0.13 °C (Max.: 0.73). D
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calving pregnancy period were the b
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2 University of Nottingham, Departm
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animals) was treated with 5 mg enro
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In dairying, good management practi
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Somatic cell count (SCC) is one of
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This investigation was run in some
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eproductive data showed that cows f
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(3.6%) and others (Bacillus spp., N
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602 Coagulase Gene Polymorphism of
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2 Institute of Veterinary Bacteriol
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an important part of the pathogens
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4 Universidade de Sao Paulo, Clinic
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incubated for one hour at 37 oC. Af
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In Belgium, an increasing amount of
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Conclusion: It can be concluded tha
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calves recovered after 4 to 10 days
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disease. Thus losses were estimated
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635 Prevalence of the Pulmonary Les
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Conclusions The sanitation program
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Italy. After the sample examination
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Results: The cows sera were collect
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(Mb) as co-infecting agent is becom
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distributed over 13 different fatte
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main infection sources to the urban
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686 Characterisation of Cattle Orig
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using EPFC. The intradermal tubercu
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three cattle farms each. Leptospiro
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(cELISA) only to definitively confi
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1 Islamic Azad University of Shahre
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Financial support: CNPq, CAPES, FIN
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731 Detection and Investigation on
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necropsied, tissue samples were tak
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aseline values. The mean HCO 3, PCO
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immunization with either the curren
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decrease in animal aggregation in p
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747 Effect of Dietary Supplementati
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755 Study of Pulmonary Adenomatosis
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1 University of Erciyes, Faculty of
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2006 was observed a small decreasin
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for O69 strain), and clinical signs
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2 University of Veterinary Medicine
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794 Serum Haptoglobin and Fibrinoge
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complete random design (CRD). The r
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- Ca, Mg, K, and Ca:P ratio were lo
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818 Cerebral Coenurosis in a Goat:
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concentrations of the goat milk, in
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was significant and showed that bre
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cm long and 1/48 cm diameter. Middl
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circular external skeletal fixator
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847 Llama Anesthesia for Orthopedic
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28 Preliminary Results of a General
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Israeli commercial dairy herds cons
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109 Association between Johne’s D
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195 Changes in Plasma Beta-Carotene
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In the last year 2006, in the perio
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serious economic concern in the fat
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was a cumulative incidence rate of
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The level of antibodies produced in
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1096 Determination of Risk Indicato
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ParaCheck, CSL/Biocor, Australia (C
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1111 The Prevalence of Hock Lesions
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Objectives: To evaluate two differe
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1126 Relationships between Paratube
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1134 A Comparison between Two Calf
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The present work aimed to investiga
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University College Dublin, School o
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214 Cystic Ovarian Diseases in Dair
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inseminator were tested in regressi
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University of Nottingham, Animal He
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tissue (8,6 cm 2 ) was twice as lar
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libido in unmotivated males. Simila
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groups according to their diameter
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improve embryonic development are m
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in each sample). On day 0, 104 cows
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1 Warsaw University of Life Science
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and durable spermatozoa. Within the
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motility and CM integrity (p=0.869
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the median number of attempted moun
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909 The effect of “GnRH” and
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3 COOPEVOLIA, Centre Zootechnique,
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923 Production of Bovine Blackleg V
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Institute of Physiology and Sanocre
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2 University College Dublin, Animal
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(I.M.) 1 mg of estradiol cipionate
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Lameness results in major economic
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methods; ANOVA (with binary classif
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Initially two radiographs were obta
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number of positive faecal samples d
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Pfizer Animal Health, Veterinary Me
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Key words: calf, active immunity, p
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1 University of Camerino, Veterinar
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vaccinated (Group II) with Pastobov
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# Antigens Association in diarrhea
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1015 Prevalence of Eimeria Infectio
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group showed higher serum lactate c
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thymus in calves and heifers with c
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concentrations of calves with umbil
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The goal of this paper is to expose
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187 Cooling Strategies to Improve M
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inspections, carried out by specifi
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The origin of Hungarian Grey cattle
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University of Warmia and Mazury in
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POSTER ABSTRACTS 1225 The Effect of
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multiple fracture (n=1, 1.3%). The
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position. A fusiform skin incision
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Conclusions: It is the first presen
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1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, A
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of 101.55±4.94 mmHg. Afterwards th
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In Mexico, there is a wide variety
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Cardiovascular disorders are common
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Conclusion: The total contamination
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Material and methods: The trial inc
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detection of M. wenyonii infection.
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390 Study on Attenuation Mechanisms
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POSTER ABSTRACTS 1152 Detection of
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digestion. It works only on Apicomp
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Page 292 and 293: digestion could be improved with im
Page 294 and 295: Ltd., Blandford Forum, UK). The air
Page 296 and 297: cattle ocular squamous cell carcino
Page 298 and 299: pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK
Page 300 and 301: Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV)
Page 302 and 303: significantly lower in groups vacci
Page 304 and 305: 5.00+0.67 and 4.94+0.15 mEq/l in th
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Page 312 and 313: Selenium was discovered as an essen
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Page 324 and 325: exists about Mb prevalence in dairy
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Page 328 and 329: esults, supported by a decrease in
Page 330 and 331: international drivers of change. Th
Page 332 and 333: The performance of two groups of no
Page 336 and 337: occurrence of a crisis of stiffness
Page 338 and 339: Notices 336 XXV. Jubilee World Buia
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