Oral and Poster Abstracts

In dairying, good management practice should not only focus on calving
and early lactation but also consider the foregoing late lactation, seeking
to have a maximum of quarters secreting normally (i. e. culture-negative
and < 100,000 somatic cells/ml foremilk) before dry-off. In order to
evaluate the impact of the udder health status before dry-off has on the
subsequent early lactation, quarter foremilk samples from 31 HF cows (n
= 126 quarters) in Northern Germany (2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th and 5 th lactation) were
drawn weekly, three times before dry-off and eight times after subsequent
calving, and analysed cyto-bacteriologically according to IDF
recommendations. The udder health status as observed before dry-off was
maintained during the early lactation in approx. 67 %. Of those, the ratio
of normally-secreting quarters to quarters with secretion impairments was
almost 1:1. While approx. 12 % of quarters secreting normally before dryoff
became diseased during early lactation, curing was observed in
another 21 % of quarters. Although varying in degree between lactations,
the overall odds ratio analysis showed these factors to be significant (p <
0,001). Of the quarters with culturally-positive result before dry-off (n =
30 quarters), bacteriological cure during the dry period occurred in 67 %
of cases. The same pathogen species re-emerged during early lactation in
13 % of cases while in 20 %, another pathogen species was diagnosed in
that period. Regarding odds ratio analysis of the microbiological findings,
colonisation itself also represents a weak factor of influence, while the
pathogen type did not play a significant role. Results suggest that the
udder health status before dry-off is of crucial importance for the
development of the subsequent early lactation and, with that, the total
lactational performance of a dairy cow (irrespective of her lactation
number). The reaction potential of the body seems to account more than
the species or group of pathogens involved, so that late lactation
management should not only rely on mere hygiene but also promote
metabolic homoeostasis (feeding, dry season).
Key words: dry-off, udder health, early lactation, periparturient
period
562 Efficacy of Extended Intramammary Therapy to Treat
Clinical Mastitis in Lactating Dairy Cows under Field
Conditions
V. Kroemker, C. Zinke, J.H. Paduch, D. Klocke, J. Friedrich
University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Microbiology, Hannover,
Germany
Streptococcus uberis and Staphylococcus aureus are important causes
of mastitis in dairy cows in the entire world. Recent publications
showed that an extended therapy can be more efficient in combating
such intramammary infections. The objective of this study was to
evaluate the effect of an extended intramammary therapy to treat
moderate and severe mastitis cases in lactating dairy cows under field
conditions in northern Germany. From December 2005 to August
2007, a total of 236 clinical mastitis cases (242 quarters) on 10 farms in
northern Germany were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned
(blocked by parity and body temperature) to one of three treatment
groups (intrammammary lincomycin/neomycin 1.5-d (ALK-Control)
or 5-d (ALL-Treatment 1), and 75 mg cefquinom 5 d (COL-Treatment
2)). Clinical and microbiological cure rates were evaluated. Treatments
were initiated before culture results. Cows were observed and
evaluated on d 1 to 6, 19 and 26. Nine cases in 236 (3.8 %) resulted in
a lost cow (died or culled). Overall, treatments were not significantly
different to controls regarding culled cows and clinical cure rate.
However, when the bacteriological cure rate was evaluated, differences
were observed. ALL appeared to be the most efficient treatment (43/44
[97 %] P < 0.01, ALK 24/32 [75 %] and COL 35/50 [70 %]). This was
due to the fact that ALL yielded increased cure rates towards mastitis
caused by Streptococcus uberis which was the most frequent micro
organism. We conclude that in farms with Streptococcus uberis
mastitis, the 5-d extended lincomycin/neomycin treatment regimen
was significantly more efficient than the standard 1.5 d treatment.
Key words: mastitis, extended therapy, Streptococcus uberis
563 Reasons for Culturally Negative Results of Quarter Foremilk
Samples from Clinical Bovine Mastitis
V. Kroemker, C. Zinke, JH. Paduch, D. Klocke
University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Microbiology, Hannover,
Germany
It is well-known that approx. one third of all secretion samples from
clinical mastitis cases do not yield any cultural bacteriological results. The
56 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008
present study was aimed towards analysing the reasons for this
unsatisfactory situation and eventually proposing some simple
modifications of the microbiological analysis of milk samples. For this,
261 quarter foremilk samples from cows with clinical mastitis were reevaluated
microbiologically after the routine analysis recommended by the
German Veterinary Association (practically, IDF procedures) yielded no
results (mastitis pathogen). After repeating this standard diagnosis
procedure with an inoculum of 0.01 ml, culture-negative samples were
analysed further. First, inoculum quantity was raised to 0.1 ml. In order to
free intracellular bacteria, sediment was frozen. Inhibitory substances were
detected using agar diffusion test with Paenibacillus stearothermophilus
var. calidolactis. Analysis for Escherichia coli and other coliforms was
carried out on 3M Petrifilm E. coli/Coliform Count Plates and 3M
Petrifilm High-Sensitivity Coliform Count Plates, resp. The presence of
endotoxins of gram-negative bacteria was verified using the limulus test
while growth of Mycoplasma spp. was done on specific culture media. The
sediment of samples was analysed both microbiologically on aesculin agar
and microscopically. Of those 193 samples remaining culture-negative
after the second standard analysis, mastitis pathogens could be detected in
a total of 178 samples when the additional procedures were applied.
Findings related to E. coli and other coliforms (24.4 %), coagulasenegative
staphylococci (27.5 %), inhibitory substances (17.1 %),
streptococci (6.7 %), Stapyhlococcus aureus (1.6 %), and mixed infections
with coagulase-negative staphylococci being involved (7.8 %). Merely 7.3
% of samples remained bacteriological negative. Increasing the amount of
inoculum leads to bacteriologically positive findings in 50 % of the
samples that had been culture-negative before.
Key words: mastitis, culturally negative, milk samples
564 Bacteriological Quality of Believed Milk (Case of the Farms
of the Area of Mitidja)
D. Guetarni, D. Baazize-ammi, E. Lebres, A. Dechicha, S. Kebbal
University of Blida, Biology, Algeria, Algeria
In Algeria, milk is paid neither on bacteriological quality, nor on the rate
of the somatic cells and even less on the presence of the residues of
inhibitors on the level of the dairies. The stockbreeders perceive
premiums on the butyric and proteinic rates. The present study related to
146 samples of milk of tank taken on the level of the breedings of the
wilayas of Algiers and Blida (circuit of collection). The evaluation of
bacteriological quality, on the basis of FAMT, indicating germs of
hygiene and certain pathogenic germs, i.e. the criteria retained in the
Algerian legislation, shows that milk is strongly contaminated. The results
show that 91,78% of the samples present an aerobic flora mésophile total
> 105 UFC/ml and 80,13% reveal the presence of the total coliformes.
These flora reflect the conditions of hygiene on the level of the
exploitations. The high rates of contamination obtained are probably the
result of a bad hygiene of the draft or a faulty operation of the tank of
refrigeration. The contamination of milks by Staphylococcus aureus
accounts for 80,13%. This important contamination can be due to a lack
of hygiene or the consequence of the infections mammaires because the
health of worse in our breedings represents a real problem. Escherichia
coli was highlighted in 17,80% of the analyzed taking away. This germ
signs a fecal contamination and represents a real danger to the health of
the consumer.
Key words: bacteriological quality, believed milk, total aerobic flora,
Coliformes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus
565 Bacteriological Quality of Believed Milk (Case of the Points of
Sale of the Area of Mitidja)
D. Guetarni, D. Baazize-ammi, A. Lebres, A. Dechicha, S. Kebbal
University of Blida, Biology, Algeria
This study aimed one hundred raw milk samples from milk shop
(saling points) of Mitidja region. The valuation of the bacteriological
quality shows that the milk is highly contaminated. Results showed that
81% of samples present a total aerobic mesophilic counts > 105
CFU/ml and total coliforms are present in 86% of milk. These counts
reflect the hygienic level, the conditions of storage and transport. The
obviousness of pathogenic agent, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus
aureus in 30%, 58% of milks respectively present a real danger for the
consumer health. Enterococcus are placed in prominent position in
95% of milks and 13% of milks contained brucella antibodies.
Key words: bacteriogical quality, raw milk, total mesophilic counts,
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Brucella