Oral and Poster Abstracts

1 University of Camerino, Veterinary Science, Matelica (MC), Italy
2 Bayer Health Care, Animal Health Division, Milan, Italy
Diarrhoea is a common clinical disease in newborn lactating calves,
causing a high mortality. As fluid and electrolyte loss induced by
diarrhoea results in dehydration and metabolic acidosis, a major goal
of treatment is also administration of electrolyte solutions in order to
restore the intestinal equilibrium. To evaluate therapeutic effects of
an oral dietary alkaline supplement for rehydration (Glutellac ® -
Bayer), a multi-centre and randomised clinical study was carried out
on 79 dehydrated diarrheic calves aged 3-70 days, resulted
bacteriologically positive to Escherichia coli sensitive to
Enrofloxacin. All animals were treated with Baytril ® 5% - Bayer
(enrofloxacin: 0,5 ml/10 kg of b.w./s.c.). 40 calves (group A)
furthermore received Glutellac ® (50 ml in two litre of water twice
daily), administered orally for 3 consecutives days, while thirty 9
calves (group B) didn’t receive oral electrolyte solution. The clinical
examinations of all calves were performed at the 1 (first day of
treatment), 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10 days post treatment (PT). The following
parameters: rectal temperature, general health, faecal consistency,
dehydration, general conditions at day 5 and other episodes of
diarrhoea appears into 30 days from the inclusion, were recorded. In
comparison with group B, a significant rate (95.0%) of calves treated
with the association of Baytril ® 5% and Glutellac ® showed a shorter
rehydration time already at 4 th day PT (P=0.0178). At the same time
(4 th day), the Glutellac ® treatment increased the number of animals
whit normal general health (87.5% vs 52.6% of group B: P= 0.0007),
and improved the faecal consistency in the 82.5% of calves in
comparison to the 50.0% of calves belonging to group B (P=0.0023).
Besides, it was observed a significant difference about the total
clinical conditions recorded at 5 days PT between groups; the
clinical recovery concerned the 95.0% of animals of group A and
only the 78.9% of calves of group B (P=0.034). Glutellac ® replaced
fluid, replenishes lost electrolytes, rapidly compensates metabolic
acidosis and supplies vital energy. Unlike other buffers, the buffer
substance acetate does not interfere with the casein precipitation in
calf’s abomasum and with the milk digestion, promoting
regeneration of the gut epithelium. This study indicated that
administration of Baytril ® 5% associated with Glutellac ® resulted as
quicker, practical, economical and effective way for the treatment of
dehydrated diarrhoeic calves.
995 Effectiveness of Sodium Acetate in Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea
I. Zhirkov
Volgograd State Agricultural Academy, Veterinary Medicine,
Volgograd, Russian Federation
Newborn calf may deal with different situations requiring digestive
adaptations. Usually digestive disorders in neonatal animals result in
diarrhoea. In Russia often technological stresses (infringements of
feeding and rearing regime, hygiene, etc.) of dairy breeds cause 100
% morbidity of neonatal calves. In the alarm phase the sympathoadrenal
system of organism is excited resulting in blocking of
parietal cells secretory activity in the abomasum. Colostrum poorly
processed and inseminated with environmental microflora is
emptied into duodenum. Specifically, E. coli bacterial numbers are
increased 5- to 10,000- fold in the small bowel of calves with
naturally acquired diarrhoea. Our physiological experiments on
operated calves with 2-shaped duodenal cannulae showed diarrhoeic
calves to have achlorhydria, abomasal chyme pH 5.0 - 6.0
(measurements were made every 2 h. during the 24 h.). We also
reported earlier acetate-ion to be a potent stimulant of abomasal HCl
secretion. Field trials were performed in the dairy farm “Luch” Ltd.
286 healthy-born Holstein calves were observed since the birth (BW
34.1±4.7 kg) up to 30 days. Just after calving neonates were kept
separately. All calves were randomly divided to three groups: two
experimental and a control. Diarrhoeic calves of the control group
(CG) were treated symptomatically using the antibiotics (neomycin
IM, chloramphenicol and chlortetraciclin PO). Instead of colostrum
(milk) they received isotonic saline. In case of diarrhoea animals of
the experimental group I (EG1) were treated according to the
following scheme: – one meal (just after appearance of diarrhoeic
symptoms) was missed, instead of colostrum sick calf was fed the
same volume of saline; – next meal sick calf was given 1L of 3 %
sodium acetate aqueous solution (SAAS); – sodium acetate was
added to colostrum (milk) in the dose of 20 g/L for two days.
230 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008
Calves of the experimental group II (EG2) were prophylacted the
incidence of diarrhoea. During 2 - 10 days of life each animal was
given 1L of 1 % SAAS in an hour after prandial feeding. In the case of
diarrhoea, calves of the EG2 were treated with 3 % SAAS according to
the scheme designed for EG1. Results are presented below.
Group n Morbi- Days Relapses BW in Morbi- Died,
dity, of of 10 days dity %
% illness/ diarrhoea old of
100 / 100 respiratory
calves calves diseases %
Control 88 100 622.8 86.4 35.1±6.8 20.5 9.1
Exper I 88 100 259.1 88.6 36.9±4.2 18.2 5.7
Exper II 110 74.5 111.8 7.3 37.1±5.8 0 0
996 Effect of Selenium and Vitamin E Supplementation during
Late Pregnancy on Serum IgG Concentration in Heifers and
Serum IgG Concentration and Passive Immunity in their
Calves
M. Moeini 1 , E. Mikaeili 1 , H. Karami 1 , A. Mostafaie 2
1 Razi University, Animal Science, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Razi University, Microbiology, Kermanshah, Iran
Fifty Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to one of five
treatments. Four and two weeks before expected calving, heifers
were injected intramuscularly 10 ml (T1), 20 ml (T2), 30 ml (T3), 40
ml (T4) selenium and vitamin E respectively. The control (C) group
received no supplement.Blood samples were collected from heifers
four weeks before expected calving and at calving day. Blood
samples of calves were drowning from the jugular vein at birth and 7
days of age. White blood cell and differential leukocyte counts were
measured. Serum concentrations of Se were determined using
hydride generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery. Serum
IgG concentrations were measured by Sandwich ELISA method.
The result indicated that Serum Se concentrations of heifers before
injection of Se and VE supplement was not differ between 5
groups(p>0.05), but after calving in T3 and T4 being higher
(p0.05). The
changes of mean values of serum IgG did not differ among calves.
The white blood cell counts were higher in calves from T4 group
compare to control group (p0.05).
Key word: selenium, vitamin E, IgG, immunity, heifers, calves
997 Clinical Case Report of Congenital Abnormalities in Tow
Holstein Calves with Spina Bifida Occulta, Tail Absence,
Achondroplasia and Brachygnatia
F. Zavoshti 1 , M. Dezfouli 2 , M. Tooloei 1
1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Department of
Clinical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 University of Tehran, Department of Clinical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Objectives of the study: Clinical case report of congenital
abnormalities in tow Holstein calves in suburbs of Tehran, Iran.
Materials and methods: Two Holstein calves were examined at
2005 in a large dairy farm in suburbs of Tehran province, Iran. One
of calves was a 47 days old and weighting 35.5 Kg at the time of
examination. Height of calf was 72 cm from whiter to hoof. Signs
such as tail absence (Hypoplastic coccyx) and spina bifida occulta
were prominent on lumbosacral area. Presence of skin and hair coat
at the area didn’t permit neural structure of lumbar vertebrate to be
exposed. Apart from the clinical signs of the calf the calving was
normal. Other calf was an 11 month old female calf that was
examined the same time because of respiratory disorders. In clinical
evaluation brachygnatia inferior (mandibular) was observed. Further