Oral and Poster Abstracts

causes of congenital decapitation of spermatozoa, sperm motility in
the moufflon was reduced, but the flagella were observed to move
without the heads. Decapitation affected 17 to 57 % of the
spermatozoa and most frequently it was accompanied by a
protoplasmic drop, located proximally. Further developmental
changes, affecting the flagella of the sperms, were observed in the
moufflon. The mentioned morfological changes led to infertility in
the moufflon and to a substantial reduction of fertility. After natural
mating of the moufflon with a superovulated moufflon sheep, the ten
eggs obtained included four blastocysts, two were degenerated, and
four were unfertilized.
(Funded by VEGA 1/3484/06 and AV 4/0009/07)
Key words: moufflons, spermatozoa, fertility
871 Preliminary Results on the Prevalence of Cytological
Endometritis in Dairy Herds in North-east Poland
W. Baranski, M. Podhalicz, T. Janowski, S. Zdunczyk,
G. Lukaszewicz
University Of Warmia And Mazury, Animal Reproduction, Olsztyn,
Poland
It has been suggested that the clinical endometritis is an important
cause of decreased fertility in Holstein cows. This disorder is
diagnosed by cytological control of uterine smear, however
information about its ethiopathogenesis and prevalence is still very
limited. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of
cytological endometritis (CE). 39 cows from 2 farms (A,B) without
clinical endometritis were included in this trial. Cows were
examined rectally and ultrasonographically for diameters of both
uterine horns and cervix as well as presence of fluid in the uterus in
fourth and sixth week post partum (pp). Samples for cytological and
bacteriological examinations were collected from the lumen of a
bigger horn by cytobrush placed in a stainless steel tube. The smears
have been stained with Papanicolau staining and evaluated under
light microscope. CE was diagnosed by increased number of
polimorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in the smear over 18% of
cells in fourth week pp, whereas in the sixth week the threshold was
10%. According to the criteria during the first examination, CE was
found in 39,3% and 81,8% of cows from farms A and B,
respectively. Two week later significant decrease in the number of
CE cows was observed, because only 21,4% of the animals from
farm A and 36,4% from farm B were diagnosed as positive. Bacterial
infections were not fully correlated to CE because bacteria were
found in 35,7% of cases at farm A and 27,3% at farm B during the
first examination and all samples were negative in the second
examination. By rectal and ultrasonographical examination neither
ovarian nor uterine abnormalities were observed during that period.
These preliminary results indicate, that cytological endometritis is a
common problem in dairy cows at the end of uterine involution. The
relationship between CE and fertility parameters will also be
investigated in a further study.
Key words: cows, cytological endometritis
872 Urea in Milk and Nutritional and Reproductive State of Dairy
Cows
G. Santos 1 , P. Grande 1 , H. Ribeiro 2 , J. Damasceno 2 , C. Alcalde 1 ,
O. Barbosa 1 , J. Horst 3 , F. Santos 1
1 Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Zootecnia, Maringá, PR, Brazil
2 Clínica Pioneiros, Ruminantes, Carambeí, PR, Brazil
3 Associaçio Paranaense dos Criadores de Bovinos da Raça
Holandesa (APCBRH), Controle Leiteiro, Curitiba, Brazil
This study aimed at assessing the effects of Farms, parturition order
and month of parturition on milk production, % fat and protein,
somatic cell count and milk urea nitrogen (MUN). The effects of
MUN on the gestation period and the anestrous in the beginning of
lactation, rate of inseminated cows, parturition; insemination
interval and the number of inseminations on four dairy Farms were
also studied. This work was developed on four dairy Farms in Brazil.
The Farms, nominated A, B, C and D, were under the dairy control.
The data obtained from each Farm enabled the grouping of cows
according to parity number and month of parturition to assess milk
production and quality and concentration of milk urea (MUN). Three
groups were formed to look at the effect of parity number: Group 1:
animals of 1 st parity; Group 2: animals of 2 nd parity; Group 3:
animals of 3 rd or greater parity. There were 35 heifers in group one,
30 cows in group two, and 55 cows in group three. The data were
collected from July to December 2002. Animals were blocked in
four different classes to look at the effect of MUN concentration: 1.
animals with levels lower than 10.0 mg/dL; 2. animals with levels
between 10.1 and 13.0 mg/dL; 3. animals with levels between 13.1
and 15.0 g/dL; and 4. animals with levels higher than 15.0 mg/dL.
The obtained data were analyzed using the software SAS and the
means were compared through the Tukey Test at 5%. With the
exception of the comparison of the MUN concentrations per band
over the % of artificially inseminated cows (AIR), % of cows in
estrus, gestation rate and parturition; AI interval, which underwent a
Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test. Also, the effects of MUN on
gestation rate (GR) AIR in early lactation were studied. The
parameters of production and milk quality (34,86 kg milk/d; 3,0 and
2.83%, fat and protein) were similar among farms and were not
influenced by the month of parturition. Farm D presented the highest
MUN concentration (14.60±0.46 mg/dL). Concentration of MUN,
percentages of fat and protein and SCC were not influenced by PO.
Cows with a value of MUN between 10.1 and 13.0 mg/dL had the
highest AIR and GR between days 55 and 70 postpartum and after 70
days in milk. These data suggest that MUN concentration is a useful
parameter to predict the nutritional and reproductive stages of dairy
cows.
The project was supported by the CNPq, Brasilia, DF and Fundaço
Araucária - Curitiba, Paraná
Key words: dairy cattle, gestation, insemination, MUN
873 Hysteroscopic Picture of Postparturient Metritis in Cows
R. Mordak, K. Kubiak, M. Jankowski, J. Nicpon
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Animal
Medicine, Wroclaw, Poland
Hysteroscopy and endometrial ablation techniques are quite popular
in human medicine. In bovine practice hysteroscopy in cows is
occasionally used. Commonly used methods for detecting uterine
pathological features in cows are gynecological examinations via
vaginal or rectal palpation. These methods are usually sufficient for
an adequate diagnosis and therapy in cows. The aim of the paper was
the use of a flexible fiberoscope for hysteroscopic examinations in
cows, manifesting clinical signs of postpartum metritis after placenta
retention in their early period of uterine involution. Seven Polish
Holstein-Friesian (black and white) cows after pathological delivery
were examined using hysteroscopy. Retention of fetal membranes
was observed in those cows. Retention of fetal membranes were
manually resolved with a consecutive antibiotic intrauterine
protection. A week after manual removal of fetal membranes (9- 10
days post calving) the uterus was clinically examined, including
hysteroscopy. A fiberoscope, type Olimpus GIF XQ-20 with a
working length of 1000 mm and outside diameter of 9,8 mm, was
used. This paper shows eight, selected, the most characteristic
hysteroscopic pictures of the uterus of cows with metritis, taken
during clinical examinations (after fetal membrane retention). The
pictures were recorded respectively through vulvar cleft, than
cervical canal, uterine body, uterine septum to the horns. They
involves pathological lesions in endometrium as well as a view of
pathological discharges.
874 Pregnancy Rate in Anestrous Bos Taurus/Bos Indicus
Crossbred Cows Given a CIDR Insert and Estradiol, with or
without an Injection of Progesterone
C. Lamothe 1 , F. Montiel 1 , R. Cuicas 2
1 Universidad Veracruzana, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y
Zootecnia, Reproducción, Veracruz, Mexico
2 Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Facultad de Medicina
Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Reproducción, Mérida, Mexico
Objectives of the study: To evaluate the pregnancy rate in postpartum
anestrous lactating Bos taurus/Bos indicus crossbred cows after
treatment with 1.9 g of natural progesterone contained in an
intravaginal insert (CIDR, controlled internal drug-releasing device),
estradiol and synthetic progesterone (P 4).
Materials and Methods: On days -9, -6, -3 and 0 (day 0=start of
treatment), anestrus status was confirmed by transrectal ultrasonography
and determination of serum P4 concentrations (