Oral and Poster Abstracts

POSTER ABSTRACTS
1225 The Effect of Herbal Medicine on Cow Dramatic and Vagina
Infection Treatment
A. Ahadi 1 , M. Sanjabi 2 , M. Moeini 3
1 IROST, Animal Science, Karaj, Tehran, Iran
2 IROST, Animal Science Department, Karaj, Tehran, Iran
3 Razi University, Animal Science Department, Kermanshah, Iran
The role of medicinal plants is considered recently in animal treatment.
Iran has been endowed with a rich flora variety of plant and herbal due
to its varied geographical and climatic condition. A large number of
indigenous medicinal plants have been reported to possess woundhealing
properties. Studies have shown that herbal plants such as
Matricaria chamomilla; Achillla millefolium have anti inflammatory,
anti bacterial and anti fungal activity in herbal medicines (Atta 1998,
Dixit 1998). RHAM is an indigenous preparation, whose clinical
effects on wound healing have been studied. In this study Ethanolic
extract of plants of Maticaria chamomilla, Achilla, Rosa
damascenamill and lawsonia (RHAM) were prepared and different
combination gels were formulated. 54 infected dairy cows were
selected from 4 herds in suburb of Tehran. The infected cows were
treated by using (RHAM) during three months treatment. More than
79% of the infected cows indicated a reliable recovery and the RHAM
shows the potential therapeutic effect on infections. It can be concluded
that the effect of RHAM on healing of skin, wound injuries and vagina
infections was noticeable, quick and positive.
Key words: herbal plants, medicines, dairy cows, vagina infections
1227 Genotyping and Biofilm Formation in Different Growth
Media of Staphylococcus aureus Bovine Mastitis Isolates:
Evidence for Lack of Penicillin-resistance in Agr-type II
Strains
M. Melchior 1,3 , M. van Osch 1 , R. Graat 1 , E. Van Duijkeren 2 ,
M. Mevius 3 , M. Nielen 4 , W. Gaastra 4 , J. Fink-Gremmels 1
1 Utrecht University, Veterinary Pharmacy and Toxicology, Utrecht,
The The Netherlands
2
Utrecht University, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht,
The The Netherlands
3
Central Veterinary Institute, Bacteriology and TSE's, Lelystad, The
The Netherlands
4 Utrecht University, Farm Animal Health, Utrecht, The The
Netherlands
The increasing evidence regarding the role of biofilm formation in
bovine Staphylococcus aureus mastitis infections led to further
investigations on biofilm formation in standard growth medium and
bovine milk whey. For a collection of 99 recently isolated and
historical S. aureus strains, the biofilm forming ability in both growth
media was correlated with the presence of the ica-, bap-, and IS257
genes. These genes have previously been found to be correlated with
biofilm formation in human S. aureus isolates. All strains were
genotyped with respect to Agr-type and Agr-subtype, and the presence
of the resistance genes blaZ and smr by PCR. The prevalence of Agr
types and investigated genes and the correlations hereof with the results
of the biofilm assays were statistically evaluated. The data showed a
very strong correlation between Agr-type I and penicillin-resistance in
the bovine S. aureus mastitis strains. None of the Agr-type II strains
were found to contain penicillin resistance genes. The Agr-type also
had a significant effect on biofilm formation, however contrary to
human isolates there was no significant effect for ica- and IS257 genes
on biofilm formation. The bap gene was not found in any of the
investigated strains. The presence of both biofilm related genes and
resistance genes showed a high correlation with the Agr-type of the
strains. These results indicate that the most prevalent Agr-types in S.
aureus bovine mastitis, Agr-type I and II, might be regarded as
different subspecies. The extremely high correlation between Agr- type
II and penicillin susceptibility strongly suggests that these strains are
not perceptive for the blaZ genes.
Key words: bovine mastitis, penicillin susceptibility, bacterial biofilm
1228 Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of
Salmonella spp. and E. coli Obtained Using the Same Fecal
Samples from Dairy Cattle in Colorado, USA
254 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008
A. Villarroel 1 , D. Dargatz 2 , M. Salman 3 , S. Ladely 4 ,
P. Fedorka-Cray 4
1 Oregon State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Corvallis,
United States
2 USDA-APHIS-VS-CEAH, College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort
Collins, United States
3 Colorado State University, Animal Population and Health Institute,
Fort Collins, United States
4 USDA-ARS, Athens, United States
Objective of study: The objective of this study was to compare
antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella spp. to those of nontype
specific Escherichia coli isolated from the same cattle.
Materials and methods: Fecal samples were collected from calves
and cows at a local dairy over a 12 month period, at 8 week intervals.
Each fecal sample was cultured in specific media for the isolation of
Salmonella spp. and non-type specific Escherichia coli.
Results: Of a total of 1,665 fecal samples collected, only 43 had
concurrent isolation of Salmonella spp. and E. coli. Of these, 14
samples had both a resistant Salmonella spp. isolate and a resistant E.
coli isolate. None of these isolates had the same resistance phenotype.
Conclusions: Based on our data, we conclude that under field
conditions Salmonella and E. coli may not exchange genetic material as
readily as previously suggested based on in vitro studies.
Key words: antimicrobial resistance, dairy cattle
1229 Factors Associated with Isolation of Antimicrobial Resistant
Salmonella spp. and E. coli from Dairy Cattle in Colorado,
USA
A. Villarroel 1 , D. Dargatz 2 , M. Salman 3 , S. Ladely 4 ,
P. Fedorka-Cray 4
1
Oregon State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Corvallis,
United States
2
USDA-APHIS-VS-CEAH, Fort Collins, United States
3
Colorado State University, Animal Population and Health Institute,
Fort Collins, United States
4
USDA-ARS, Athens, United States
Objective of study: The objective of this study was to evaluate
possible factors associated with isolation of antimicrobial resistant
Salmonella spp. and non-type specific Escherichia coli from fecal
samples from dairy cattle (calves and cows).
Materials and methods: Fecal samples were collected from calves
and cows at a local dairy over a 12 month period, at 8 week intervals.
Each fecal sample was cultured in specific media for the isolation of
Salmonella spp. and non-type specific Escherichia coli. Factors
evaluated included age, housing, location, production level,
antimicrobial treatment and sampling event (month of the year).
Multivariate hierarchical multilevel analysis was performed to evaluate
factors, forcing antimicrobial treatment into the model.
Results: The factor most strongly associated with isolation of resistant
Salmonella spp. in calves was housing in individual hutches (after
adjusting for age). Treatment within 3 weeks of sampling and young
age were the two factors most strongly associated with isolation of
resistant E. coli in calves. Lactation number and medium to high milk
production were the two factors most strongly associated with isolation
of resistant Salmonella spp. in adult cows. Treatment with
antimicrobials was the factor most strongly associated with isolation of
resistant E. coli in adult dairy cows.
Conclusions: Based on our data, we conclude that antimicrobial
resistance in Salmonella and E. coli isolated from dairy cattle is a
multifactorial condition influenced by previous antimicrobial treatment,
management factors and inherent characteristics of the cattle (e.g. age).
Key words: anitmicrobial resistance, dairy cattle
1230 Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects of 4 Medicinal Plants
against Salmonella typhimurium and Comparision them
with Common Antibiotics in Veterinary Medicine
T. Zahraei Salehi 1 , M. Dakhili 2
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Microbiology,
Tehran, Iran
2
Faculty of Medical Science, Microbiology, Tehran, Iran
Background: Thyme (Zataria multiflora Bois.), Penny voyel
(Mentha pulegium L) Origanum (Origanum vulgare L), Fennel