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In Mexico, there is a wide variety of breeds of bovines, goats, sheep and wild deer, that are either indigenous to the area or imported from other countries. They are used for the production of meat, milk, for hunting ranches , in zoos and circuses. Due to injuries and trauma in the fields, during transportation, fighting and other causes, these animals suffer various types of fractures of long bones such as femur, fibula, radius, and also of the metatarsi and metacarpi .The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the National University of Mexico recieves cases from submitted by veterinary practitioners from all over the country and also directly from zoos or from animal owners everywhere in the country. In the last few years we have been asked to reduce fractures using implants such as plates, screws, circlage, intramedular pins. In this poster, we present 12 cases of traumatized animals, 11 of which were treated with implants and one had to be amputated due to the severity of the injury. The group included five deer, a wild goat, two bovines (bos taurus) and one bos indicus,and three hampshire sheep. The procedures were successful in all the deer and sheep and also in one bos taurus, while in the bos indicus and one bos taurus of approximately 800 kg and the wild goat, the procedure was unsuccessful. The male bulls twisted the plates as soon as they stood on their legs and the wild goat died of causes unrelated to the surgery. Two of the sheep and the female bos taurus were implanted with plates and screws and had a good evolution. In the same way, the deer whose fractures were treated with Steinman pins had a good recovery. The failures in the bulls were due to the excess weight. The Steinman pin worked well in animals whose weight ranged between 35 and 40 kg and the plates were satisfactory in two sheep that weighed 35 kg and a female bos taurus that weighed 225 kg. The experience obtained with these cases makes us conclude that plates should not be used in animals weighing over 250 kg and that the Steinman pins are very satisfactory for use in small domestic or wild ruminants f. e. the white tailed deer, goats, sheep and dama fallow deer. 983 Comparative Efficacy of Flunixine Meglumine in a Tissue Cage Model of Inflammation O. Roy 1 , P. Cloet 2 , E. Bénizeau 1 , M. Catala 1 , A. Weingarten 3 , C. Maisonneuve 3 , D. Sweeney 3 1 CEBIPHAR, CRO, Fondettes, France 2 Schering Plough Vétérinaire, Levallois Perret, France 3 Schering Plough Animal Health, Summit, United States The efficacy of Finadyne ® injectable was evaluated for treatment of induced inflammation of the subcutis in cattle. It was assessed by comparing in a cross-over designed trial the effect of Finadyne ® on exudate PGE 2 concentration to that of Metacam ® and 0.9% NaCl solution. Twelve healthy calves (183.3 ± 39.1 kg) were included in the study and randomly assigned to three treatment sequences. Sterile hollow perforated polyethylene balls were surgically embedded in the subcutis at four distinct sites per animal two weeks prior to D0. On D0, D21, and D42, an aseptic inflammation of the subcutis was induced by injecting in three balls per animal 0.5 ml of a 2% carrageenan solution. Treatment immediately followed. 0.5 ml of exudate was collected prior to challenge, and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after. Cages were emptied after each collection. Exudate PGE 2 concentrations were measured using a validated ELISA kit. Each animal received all three items as treatment sequentially on D0, D21, and D42. PGE 2 pre-challenge concentrations were near 0. PGE 2 concentration levels over time displayed a post-challenge sharp increase, peaked 2 hours after treatment and gradually decrease, returning to baseline values within 48 hours. Curves were similar over all three periods.PGE 2 concentrations when treated with Finadyne ® or Metacam ® were consistently lower than those measured when treated with NaCl. Percent of inhibition was highest at +4 hours after treatment. Differences (absolute values) with the placebo were significant throughout the post-treatment period (up to 48 hours) for Finadyne ® and at +2, 4, 8, and 12 hours after treatment with Metacam ® . Differences in pre-dose concentrations among calves were accounted for by dividing post-dose PGE 2 concentrations by predose PGE 2 concentrations for each calf. Mean PGE 2 concentrations in the NaCl group were significantly higher compared to those in the Metacam ® group at 2 and 4 hour, and close to significance at 8, 12, 24 and 36 hours. They were significantly higher than those in the Finadyne ® group throughout the study. At 36 and 48 hours after dosing, the mean PGE 2 concentration in the Metacam ® group was 266 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008 significantly higher than in the Finadyne ® group. This study shows that both items inhibit cyclo-oxygenase with a more potent and residual inhibitory activity of Finadyne ® compared to Metacam ® . 984 A Retrospective Study on 157 Cases of Left Displacement of Abomasum (LDA) in Some Dairy Farms in IRAN F. Adibhashemi 1 , S. Bokaie 2 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Clinical Sciences Department, Tehran, Iran 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Food hygiene and Quality Control Department, Tehran, Iran Displacement of the abomasum is probably the most common surgical condition of bovine patient. Left displacement of abomasum is a multi factorial syndrome by many caves. the results and finding of studies (cause, number of parturition) may be different in different geographic location.The study were done on 157Dairy cattle with LDA in some dairy farms in Tehran .The goal of this study is to find the answer for some questions (age, sex, number of parturition ) .The results showed that 96.5% of cases were in female and 3.2% in male sex. The other results were as follows: 2.6% of cases were heifers 25% in first parturition, 7.2% in 2th parturition 35.5% in 3th parturition, 25% in 4 th parturition 4.6% in 5 th parturition 1.3% of cases were in before parturition 0.7% in first week after parturition 2.07% in 2 weeks after parturition 50% in 3 weeks after parturition 10.5% in 4 th weeks after parturition 15.8% in 5 th weeks after parturition 8.06% of cases recovered after surgery completely 5.3% were culled for some complications 13.7% of cases were culled for accompany diseases . Key words: left displacement of abomasum, cattle 985 Comparison of Intranasal Versus Intravenous Lidocaine Application during Rhinotracheobronchoscopy in Cattle A. Dadak 1 , S. Franz 2 1 Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vienna, Austria 2 Clinic for Ruminants, Vienna, Austria Objectives: Research was done on the efficacy and safety of lidocaine during endoscopic procedures of the upper respiratory tract in cattle. Patients and Method: Experiments were performed in healthy non lactating cows. Eight minutes after intranasal (IN) or intravenous (IV) application of lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg), both given over a period of 5 min, rhinotracheobronchoscopy was performed. Experiments were videotaped for subsequent analysis of behavioural changes. Mean invasive arterial blood pressure (MABP) and heart rate (HR) were analysed at specified time points. Blood samples were taken up to 60 min in order to measure serum lidocaine concentrations. Results: Preliminary data show that lidocaine did not lead to significant cardiovascular reactions in cattle, neither after IN nor after IV administration. In the present study absorption of lidocaine was generally rapid after IN application. During the procedure of rhinotracheobronchoscopy, HR and MABP increased slightly in all groups (lidocaine IN, IV and the control groups). Lidocaine significantly improved the animals’ tolerance during rhinoscopy, especially when given IN. Insertion of the endoscope into the trachea was eased in both, the lidocaine IN and the lidocaine IV group. Discussion and Conclusion: We conclude from our results that lidocaine is a safe and effective analgesic option for endoscopic procedures of the upper respiratory tract when given at a dosage of 1.5 mg/kg. On the basis of our results we favour intranasal over intravenous application of lidocaine for rhinotracheobronchoscopy in cattle. Key words: cattle, endoscopy, lidocaine, application 986 Study of Toxicological Effects of Epidural Neostigmine Methyl Sulfate in the Cow S. Zolhavarieh 1 , S. Zolhavarieh 2 1 Junior School of Veterinary Medicine, Bu-Ali Sina University, Clinical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran 2 Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran Background: The spinal delivery of the cholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine yields analgesia in rats and augments the analgesic
effects of alpha 2 agonists in sheep. To assess its activity in cow, preclinical toxicology studies to define its safety were required in this species. Methods: For this study, female cows were prepared following rigid aseptic precautions epidural injections. Cows epidural received daily injections of 0.025 ± 0.040 mg/kg neostigmine (n = 6/group) for 4 days and were observed for general behavior and analgesic effect via pick of perineal region with a needle and second group received normal saline at the same volume of neostigmine. Results: In cows, neostigmine produced a dose-dependent increase analgesia in needle test, and no tolerance was observed. Mild tremor was observed but was not debilitating. A mild inflammatory reaction to the needle in the site of injection was observed in both groups. In cows, neostigmine produced bradycardia and an increase in muscle tone. Cerebrospinal fluid protein, specific gravity, and glucose were elevated in neostigmine group. No group differences in general condition were observed. Conclusion: These results suggest that, there is no evidence of toxicity that can be attributed to the neostigmine. Key words: epidural, neostigmine, toxicology, cow 987 Preanesthetic Butorphanol Improving Analgesia during Laparoscopy for Follicular Aspiration in Goats M. Cordeiro, W. Vicente, D. Dias, M. Oliveira, P. Di Filippo Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Animal Reproduction, Jaboticabal-SP, Brazil The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of butorphanol in she-goats anesthetized with total intravenous anesthesia undergoing laparoscopy for follicular aspiration. Twenty female adult goats (aged 12-36 months, weighing 24 ± 6 kg) received a combination of xylazine (0,05mg/kg, IM) and butorphanol (0,5mg/Kg, IM) like preanesthetic medication. General anesthesia was induced with ketamine (2 mg/kg, IV) and maintained with a Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) composed by guaifenesin (50mg/mL), xylazine (0,1mg/mL) and ketamine (1mg/mL) diluted in 5% dextrose/0,9% saline solution (GXK). Endotracheal intubation was performed and animals were connected to circular breathing circuit during spontaneous ventilation (O2 flow rate: 10mL/kg/min). The GXK infusion rate started at 2mL/kg/h and was later adjusted according to clinical evaluation of anaesthetic depth. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and analgesia were evaluated at the following moments: T0 (immediately after induction); T1 (immediately after beginning of TIVA’s infusion); T2 (immediately after abdominal insufflation with CO2); T3 (15 min after T2); T4 (15 min after abdominal decompression and drugs infusion end). All animals showed analgesia and immobilization allowing the accomplishment of the procedure. It’s impossible to determine an exact TIVAs infusion rate because of individual parameters variations during the surgery. We could observe a RR increase at T2 and T3, when compared with T1. The RR increase was following by a decrease in the respiratory amplitude, however HR had not changed. The RR increase was induced by diaphragmatic compression due to Trendelenburg position and due to abdominal CO2 distention, both fundamental procedures to surgical management. The results suggest that the use of butorphanol in pre-anaesthetic medication was efficient to improve the analgesia during TIVA’s infusion allowing the follicular aspiration by laparoscopy in this specie. We concluded that this anaesthetic protocol is practical, effective, safe and can undoubtedly be recommended for surgical procedures that requires general anaesthesia in goats. Key words: TIVA, butorphanol, laparoscopy, goat, pre-anaesthetic medication 988 Abomasal Impaction due to Sand Ingestion in a Dairy Cow J. Peiró 1 , F. Feitosa 1 , L. Mendes 1 , F. Cadioli 1 , G. Soares 1 , M. Araújo 2 , P. Teodoro 2 1 Sao Paulo State University - Aracatuba Campus, DCCRA, Aracatuba, Brazil 2 Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Aracatuba SP, Brazil Objectives: To report a case of an abomasal sandy impaction in a dairy cow. Case description: One severe case of sand impaction occurred in a small dairy herd. Diet was fed as concentrate exclusively (sorghum silage) on the ground. There was no pasture available in the property due to the dry season. A Holstein cow, 5 years old, had decreased food intake, low body score, ´papple-shaped´ abdomen, signs of rumenal tympany, and dark feces. The cow was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The orogastric tube was passed to eliminate ruminal gases, unsuccessfully, and the ruminal pH was 8. Physical exam revealed increased heart and respiratory rates, and low rectal temperature. Congested mucous membranes, dehydration, and incomplete ruminal movements in 5 minutes were observed. The metal detector did not detect the presence of metallic materials. Right flank laparotomy was performed, and jejunal volvulus and sand impaction of the rumen and abomasum were diagnosed. After volvulus correction, the animal received antibiotic treatment. The cow showed abdominal distension 4 hours after surgery and a rumen fistula, using a plastic syringe, was produced to eliminate the gas. Five days after surgery, the animal showed abdominal pain, bilateral abdominal wall distension, dark feces, remained in sternal recumbency, and died 24h later. Conclusions: Due to the carbohydrate-rich and fiber-poor diet, the animal developed ruminitis and food fermentation in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. This maybe was responsible for the small intestinal volvulus. The clinical picture deteriorated fast due to the reluctance of the owner to refer the animal to the Veterinary Hospital because he believed it was a simple case of ruminal tympany. Key words: sand impaction; bovine 989 Quantifying Some Causes of Visceral Pain in Cattle P. Scott University of Edinburgh, 2- Department of Large Animals Clinic, Edinburgh, United Kingdom Evidence of pain is an important clinical feature of many inflammatory conditions involving various thoracic and abdominal organs in cattle particularly when the pleurae and peritoneum are involved but the extent to which expression, pulse, respiratory rate and effort, rumen motility, stance, gait, and production parameters reflect the severity of the condition remains largely unquantified. Diagnosis by further increasing pain (withers pinch test, ballotment) is still considered the most reliable indicator for traumatic reticulitis. Ultrasonography has greatly increased the practitioner’s ability to confirm early peritoneal reaction, pleurisy and pericarditis. A quick and simplified protocol for confirming/quantifying these diseases is required, thereafter treatment strategies and provision of analgesia can be objectively evaluated. Methodology Diagnostic quality images are readily obtained using a 5.0 MHz sector transducer connected to a real-time, B-mode ultrasound machine but a linear scanner will suffice in most situations. Results: Peritonitis of the anterior abdomen involving the reticulum, the classical wire scenario, is readily identified with initial accumulation of peritoneal exudate, followed by fibrinous adhesions, and abscess formation in some cases. Marked intestinal distension is a feature of focal peritonitis involving the small intestine. Diagnostic procedures such as abdominocentesis can be useful but do not indicate the extent of inflammation/infection.Pericardial and pleural effusion/infection are readily distinguished during ultrasonographic examination. Fibrinous pleurisy appears as a hypoechoic layer separating the pleurae and has been diagnosed in pasteurellosis/shipping fever. Necrotising pneumonia, inhalation pneumonia and pleural abscess show obvious pain but cannot easily be differentiated from endocarditis and anterior abdominal infections on clinical examination alone. Cattle with chronic suppurative pulmonary disease show less obvious pain but can be diagnosed by demonstrating marked disruption of the visceral pleura with hypoechoic areas (often consolidation), extending up to 8 cms often with a lobular distribution. Conclusion: A single injection of a soluble corticosteroid, such as dexamethasone, is preferred to NSAID for inflammatory pain. 990 Intracardial Pressure in Relation to the Venous Pulse and Venous Tension in Healthy and Heart Compromised Cows S. Eisenberg, A. De Vos, A. Grootendorst, L. Van Leengoed Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Farm Animal Health, Utrecht, Netherlands Surgery, Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Diagnostic Imaging 267
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130. évfolyam Különszám II. Vol
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The World Buiatrics Congress (WBC)
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lood and liver tissue. Absolute vit
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RNS causes increased lipid peroxida
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An experiment was conducted to stud
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2 Hungarian Institute of Agricultur
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and plasma HCO 3 - increased from H
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Materials and Methods: Serum sample
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vitamin A stores in liver, the hypo
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andomly assigned to one of five tre
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observed in group II of the animals
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The aim of the monitoring was to co
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health group (HG) categories for an
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lactating cows is sparse. Lotan and
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491 Effect of Acarbose on Milk Yiel
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499 Secondary Hepatogenous Photosen
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they all died in a two to three day
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and HCO 3 level. The concentration
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amount of saponins was observed in
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Water was offered ad-libitum. Feed
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Se, I and Co) more than 500 blood s
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541 Variability of Blood Profile an
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evaluated, highly significantly gre
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we measured sensitivity of the enti
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were 0.17; 0.13 °C (Max.: 0.73). D
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calving pregnancy period were the b
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2 University of Nottingham, Departm
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animals) was treated with 5 mg enro
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In dairying, good management practi
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Somatic cell count (SCC) is one of
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This investigation was run in some
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eproductive data showed that cows f
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(3.6%) and others (Bacillus spp., N
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602 Coagulase Gene Polymorphism of
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2 Institute of Veterinary Bacteriol
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an important part of the pathogens
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4 Universidade de Sao Paulo, Clinic
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incubated for one hour at 37 oC. Af
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In Belgium, an increasing amount of
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Conclusion: It can be concluded tha
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calves recovered after 4 to 10 days
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disease. Thus losses were estimated
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635 Prevalence of the Pulmonary Les
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Conclusions The sanitation program
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Italy. After the sample examination
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Results: The cows sera were collect
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(Mb) as co-infecting agent is becom
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distributed over 13 different fatte
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main infection sources to the urban
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686 Characterisation of Cattle Orig
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using EPFC. The intradermal tubercu
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three cattle farms each. Leptospiro
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(cELISA) only to definitively confi
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1 Islamic Azad University of Shahre
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Financial support: CNPq, CAPES, FIN
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731 Detection and Investigation on
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necropsied, tissue samples were tak
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aseline values. The mean HCO 3, PCO
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immunization with either the curren
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decrease in animal aggregation in p
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747 Effect of Dietary Supplementati
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755 Study of Pulmonary Adenomatosis
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1 University of Erciyes, Faculty of
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2006 was observed a small decreasin
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for O69 strain), and clinical signs
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2 University of Veterinary Medicine
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794 Serum Haptoglobin and Fibrinoge
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complete random design (CRD). The r
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- Ca, Mg, K, and Ca:P ratio were lo
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818 Cerebral Coenurosis in a Goat:
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concentrations of the goat milk, in
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was significant and showed that bre
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cm long and 1/48 cm diameter. Middl
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circular external skeletal fixator
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847 Llama Anesthesia for Orthopedic
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28 Preliminary Results of a General
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Israeli commercial dairy herds cons
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109 Association between Johne’s D
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195 Changes in Plasma Beta-Carotene
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In the last year 2006, in the perio
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serious economic concern in the fat
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was a cumulative incidence rate of
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The level of antibodies produced in
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1096 Determination of Risk Indicato
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ParaCheck, CSL/Biocor, Australia (C
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1111 The Prevalence of Hock Lesions
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Objectives: To evaluate two differe
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1126 Relationships between Paratube
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1134 A Comparison between Two Calf
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The present work aimed to investiga
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University College Dublin, School o
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214 Cystic Ovarian Diseases in Dair
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inseminator were tested in regressi
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University of Nottingham, Animal He
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tissue (8,6 cm 2 ) was twice as lar
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libido in unmotivated males. Simila
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groups according to their diameter
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improve embryonic development are m
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in each sample). On day 0, 104 cows
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1 Warsaw University of Life Science
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and durable spermatozoa. Within the
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motility and CM integrity (p=0.869
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the median number of attempted moun
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909 The effect of “GnRH” and
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3 COOPEVOLIA, Centre Zootechnique,
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923 Production of Bovine Blackleg V
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Institute of Physiology and Sanocre
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2 University College Dublin, Animal
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Page 220 and 221: Lameness results in major economic
Page 222 and 223: methods; ANOVA (with binary classif
Page 224 and 225: Initially two radiographs were obta
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Page 228 and 229: Pfizer Animal Health, Veterinary Me
Page 230 and 231: Key words: calf, active immunity, p
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Page 234 and 235: vaccinated (Group II) with Pastobov
Page 236 and 237: # Antigens Association in diarrhea
Page 238 and 239: 1015 Prevalence of Eimeria Infectio
Page 240 and 241: group showed higher serum lactate c
Page 242 and 243: thymus in calves and heifers with c
Page 244 and 245: concentrations of calves with umbil
Page 246 and 247: The goal of this paper is to expose
Page 248 and 249: 187 Cooling Strategies to Improve M
Page 250 and 251: inspections, carried out by specifi
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Page 256 and 257: POSTER ABSTRACTS 1225 The Effect of
Page 258 and 259: multiple fracture (n=1, 1.3%). The
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Page 262 and 263: Conclusions: It is the first presen
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Page 266 and 267: of 101.55±4.94 mmHg. Afterwards th
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Page 272 and 273: Conclusion: The total contamination
Page 274 and 275: Material and methods: The trial inc
Page 276 and 277: detection of M. wenyonii infection.
Page 278 and 279: 390 Study on Attenuation Mechanisms
Page 280 and 281: POSTER ABSTRACTS 1152 Detection of
Page 282 and 283: digestion. It works only on Apicomp
Page 284 and 285: determined. In addition the surface
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Page 288 and 289: Results: On D0, the animals include
Page 290 and 291: addition of mineral salt, during 12
Page 292 and 293: digestion could be improved with im
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Page 296 and 297: cattle ocular squamous cell carcino
Page 298 and 299: pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK
Page 300 and 301: Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV)
Page 302 and 303: significantly lower in groups vacci
Page 304 and 305: 5.00+0.67 and 4.94+0.15 mEq/l in th
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Page 308 and 309: equal distributions at 08:00 and 16
Page 310 and 311: electrochemical properties of the a
Page 312 and 313: Selenium was discovered as an essen
Page 314 and 315: growth by measuring BW at 15-day in
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performances of primiparous cows ar
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anaerobes. Aerobic bacteria isolate
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P4 12 to 24 hours before calving is
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exists about Mb prevalence in dairy
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frequency of animals with BoHV anti
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esults, supported by a decrease in
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international drivers of change. Th
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The performance of two groups of no
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spasm is accompanied by kyphosis, w
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occurrence of a crisis of stiffness
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Notices 336 XXV. Jubilee World Buia
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