Oral and Poster Abstracts

847 Llama Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery
R. Godoy, R. Almeida, C. Leite, C. Pereira, L. Gouvea, FH. Ximenes,
L. Gontijo, JR. Borges, R. Ferreira II
Universidade de Brasília, FAV, Brasília-DF Brazil, Brazil
Objectives: Describe the anesthesiologic protocol used for an
orthopedic procedure on a llama.
Materials and methods: One male llama, one year and a half old was
admitted to the University of Brasilia’s veterinary hospital to be subjected
to a surgical procedure of fracture reduction. The drugs used for preanesthetic
medication were the butorphanol (0.05mg/kg) and romifidine
(0.04mg/kg), administered by intramuscular route. After trichotomy and
anti-sepsis of the operative field and the lumbosacral region, an anesthetic
button was made with lidocaine 2% without vasoconstrictor at the point
where the puncture would be performed. The animal was placed in the
right lateral recumbency, with its head high in relation to the body and
subject to puncture of the spinal subarachnoid space with 18 Gauge
needle, and administration of ropivacaine (0.75mg/kg). About two hours
after the sedation, there was need of anesthetic rescue with ketamine
(1.0mg/kg) associated with diazepam (0.1mg/kg). The protocol was
repeated after 25 minutes. After another 25 minutes, it was necessary to
administrate a new dose of romifidine (0.04mg/kg). At the end of the
surgical procedure, phenylbutazone (4.0mg/kg) was administered. Then
an epidural catheter was placed, through which romifidine (0,05mg/Kg)
was administered, diluted in saline solution to the volume of 5 ml aiming
postoperative analgesia.
Results: The animal showed satisfactory answer to the protocol of
sedation, being observed only sialorréia as side effects. Soon after
subarachnoid anesthesia transient dyspnea and tachycardia were
noticed. The sensory and motor blockade was effective and led to the
completion of the surgical procedure without the need of using general
anesthesia techniques. Regarding anesthetic rescue, the only adverse
effect observed was slight agitation of the animal. Immediately after
the administration of phenylbutazone, the animal showed tachycardia,
tongue hypotonia and catalepsia being treated with dexamethasone.
Conclusion: The anesthesiologic protocol was effective for the
completion of the surgical procedure, demonstrating hemodynamic
stability, satisfactory analgesia and few complications. The
dexamethasone was effective in treating shock, promoting the recovery
of the consciousness of the animal. Nearly four hours after the end of
surgery the animal came to death by respiratory complications that can
be attributed to the episode of anaphylactic reaction.
Key words: camalid, fracture, anaphylatic reaction
848 Treatment of Long Bone Fractures in Llamas: Study of Two
Cases
R. Godoy, C. Pereira, C. Leite, FH. Ximenes, L. Gouvea, L. Gontijo,
R. Ferreira II, A. Teixeira Neto, JR. Borges
Universidade de Brasília, FAV, Brasília-DF Brazil, Brazil
Objectives: Report of two cases of long bone fractures in llamas with
different treatments.
Materials and methods: In University of Brasilia’s Veterinary
Hospital were assisted in 2007, two llamas, males, both presenting
complete fractures. The first animal suffered a metatarsus fracture of
the right hind limb, while in the other the involved bone was the tibia of
the left hind limb. The methods used were respectively, conservative
treatment to reduce the fracture using synthetic cast and polyvinyl
chloride (pvc) splint and surgical treatment using external hybrid
fixation. For the surgery, the second animal was submitted to
tranquilization and subarachnoid anesthesia and the development of
treatments has been monitored by radiographic examinations.
Results: Soon after the immobilization the first animal could already step
with the affected member. Radiography was performed, in which it was
observed an efficient reduction, juxtaposition of the bone fragments. The
animal was discharged after thirty days, presenting satisfactory
consolidation of fracture. In the second case, the placement of splint was
also tried, however it was unsuccessfull due to the anatomical location
accompanied by the difficult temperament of the animal, which required
the surgical procedure. This has led to a stabilization of bone fragments
and neutralization of active forces in the fracture. The results of such
reduction on bone consolidation could not be acessed as the animal came
to death hours later due to post-anesthetic complications.
Conclusion: Both methods have proved effective in the correction of
fractures in llamas. The first method may be indicated for reduction of
148 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008
fractures of distal long bones, offering low cost and not requiring
sophisticated equipment for their achievement what makes it possible
to be used in the field. The second method use is indicated in complex
fracture cases, located in bones covered by developed musculature
where the simple imobilization is not enought to neutralizate the
fracture forces. It’s also important to know that it is a hight cost
technique that needs trained professional and a equiped surgical center.
Key words: camalids, external hibrid fixator, cast, long bone
849 Camel Pox in Saudi Arabia: Retrospective Study
T. Fouda, A. Bakhsh
College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, Kfu, Clinical
Studies, Houfof, Saudi Arabia
Pox had been studied by several authors in different animal species in
different countries. Camel pox was first recorded in young camels (Leese,
1909). The earliest identification of this disease by veterinarians in Saudi
Arabia was 1958 (Anon, 1963) and was described as dermatitis. Camel
pox was identified & isolated and designated officially by Hafez et al.
(1986). Subsequently, different forms had been described in different
locations. Consequently this article describes the different clinical aspects
of camel pox and its identification in Saudi Arabia.
Key words: camels, pox lesions, Saudi Arabia
850 Study of the Urethral Glands Presence in Distal Extremity of
Penis in One Humped Camel (Camelus Dromedarius).
Mh. Yousefi 1 , H. Gilanpour 2 , P. Tajik 3
1 School of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Semnan, Iran
2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Anatomy,
Histology and Embryology, Tehran, Iran
3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 1-
Department of Clinical Medicine, Tehran, Iran
The one part of male genital system is genital glands. These glands on the
basis of exist reports are including, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland
and urethral glands in pelvic urethra. To accomplish this research, five
histological specimens from five camels were preparated in
slaughterhouse. These specimens were fixed in 10% formalin solution.
Routine histological procedures were made by an autotechnicon paraffin
blocks of histological speciments from distal extremity of penis and were
sectioned at 6 microns, Stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin and studied
under light microscope. In conclusion the studied of histological sections
were showed that urethral glands in addition to pelvic urethra, existed in
wall of distal extremity of penile urethra in the neck of camel’s penis. Also
two mass glands of penile urethra were distinguished. One mass was
smaller and situated on the lateral aspect of urethra just to the corpus
cavernosum of glans of penis, this gland was situated on the dorsal surface
of urethra before inclined urethra to left side. And other one mass was
greater and attached to the ventral surface of the urethra. This gland was
situated on the dorsolateral of urethra before inclined urethra to left side.
The round and elliptical and long sections of this mass glands were
consist of high cuboidal or columnar cell layer. These cells had a round
basically nucleus and cytoplasm similar to white color.
These tubular glands may have ability to secret serous substances.
Key words: camel, anatomy, penis, urethra
851 Camel Anesthesia for Orthopedic Procedure
R. Almeida 1,2 , C. Leite 1 , A. Teixeira Neto 1 , S. Maguilnik 1 ,
A. Farias 2 , R. Godoy 1
1 Universidade de Brasília, FAV, Brasília-DF Brazil, Brazil
2 UPIS Faculdades Integradas, Departamento de Medicina
Veterinaria, Brasília-DF Brazil, Brazil
Objectives: Describe the anesthesiologic protocol used for an
orthopedic procedure on a camel. Materials and methods: A female
camel was anesthetized at the Brasilia Zoo for an washout followed by
chemical arthrodesis of the tarsometatarsal articulation. The animal
was submitted to food and water fast respectively 24 and 12 hours. It
was sedated with xylazine (0.2 mg / kg) by intramuscular route (IM)
and ten minutes later, induced with cetamine (5.0 mg / kg IM). After
venopuncture with a catheter, the animal was submitted to total
intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) using a combination of guaiafenesin in
the dose of 50 mg / kg / h associated with cetamine (1.0 mg / kg / h) and