Oral and Poster Abstracts
Oral and Poster Abstracts
Oral and Poster Abstracts
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etween mean results for the 2 operators in this study (P = 0.003).<br />
Results from the mixed-effects model indicated that results of the<br />
two methods were not significantly different (P = 0.66). However, a<br />
significant effect associated with operator (P = 0.04) <strong>and</strong> a<br />
significant method-by-operator interaction (P = 0.02) were detected.<br />
The results of this model demonstrate that estimation of FC using HP<br />
<strong>and</strong> the ambient temperature clotting yields similar results, but<br />
differences in the results obtained by different operators may affect<br />
results of the HP method.<br />
1245 Seasonal <strong>and</strong> Regional Differences of Iodine Concentration<br />
in Raw Cow, Sheep, <strong>and</strong> Goat Milk in Slovakia<br />
I. Paulikova, H. Seidel, O. Nagy, G. Kovac<br />
University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovakia<br />
Aim of this work was to map iodine content in raw milk of dairy<br />
cows, sheep, <strong>and</strong> goats regardless breed, production, <strong>and</strong><br />
reproduction cycle <strong>and</strong> to compare milk iodine levels in various<br />
Slovakian regions, as well milk iodine concentrations during winter<br />
<strong>and</strong> summer feeding periods. The samples were taken manually after<br />
washing of quarters <strong>and</strong> halves, resp., without use of iodine<br />
disinfectant. The animals from 32 farms (dairy cows - 23, sheep - 7,<br />
goats - 2) were divided into four groups according to the regions –<br />
Western, Middle, Eastern, <strong>and</strong> Northern Slovakia. We compared<br />
also milk iodine concentrations recorded during the summer (1 May<br />
- 31 October) <strong>and</strong> winter (1 November - 30 April) feeding periods.<br />
The milk iodine concentrations were determined by photometric<br />
method for analysis of trace iodine based on catalytic reaction NO 2 -<br />
/SCN - . Milk iodine concentrations were determined in 457 samples<br />
of raw milk from dairy cows, 79 samples of sheep, <strong>and</strong> 17 samples of<br />
goat milk collected in various Slovakian regions from 2002 to 2007.<br />
Among all the 457 samples of bovine milk, iodine content below 50<br />
g.l -1 was recorded in 113 samples (29.94 %); 294 samples (64.33 %)<br />
ranged between 50 <strong>and</strong> 200 g.l -1 ; 19 samples (4.16 %) from 200 to<br />
500 g.l -1 ; 17 samples (3.72 %) between 500 <strong>and</strong> 1000 g.l -1 , <strong>and</strong> 13<br />
samples (2.85 %) showed milk iodine concentrations over 1000 g.l -<br />
1 . Concentrations in the Slovakian regions showed the highest values<br />
in the Western, then Middle <strong>and</strong> Eastern Slovakia, <strong>and</strong> the lowest<br />
values in the Northern Slovakia (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). However, the<br />
results showed large variability within both regions <strong>and</strong> farms. In<br />
sheep <strong>and</strong> goat milk samples, we found milk iodine concentrations<br />
below 80 g.l -1 in 49 sheep (62 %) <strong>and</strong> in 6 goats below 60 g.l -1 (37.5<br />
%), which are indicative of iodine deficiency. When comparing<br />
seasonal differences, sheep <strong>and</strong> goat milk was higher in the iodine<br />
content during the winter feeding period, however, in dairy cows we<br />
recorded opposite ratio. Except goat milk (p < 0.01) these difference<br />
were not significant.<br />
Key words: iodine, raw milk, cattle, sheep, goat<br />
1246 Family Dairy Production Process in Mexico - a Case Study<br />
R. J. Jiménez 1 , F. P. Alonso 1 , L. H. García 2 , V. O. Espinosa 1 ,<br />
A. P. Alonso 1 , L. P. Brunett 3 , J. G. Meléndez 1 , J. T. Cruz 1<br />
1<br />
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia - UNAM,<br />
Departamento de Economía, Administración y Desarrollo Rural,<br />
Mexico City, Mexico<br />
2<br />
Universidad Autónoma Metroopolitana Unidad Xochimilco,<br />
Producción Agrícola y Animal, Mexico City, Mexico<br />
3<br />
UAEM, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Mexico<br />
State, Mexico<br />
The aim of this project was to describe the family dairy process<br />
production in order to find proposals to improve the production of<br />
this system. The project was made in 20-production units in four<br />
communities of Maravatio, Michocan, Mexico. Through<br />
questionnaires, semi-structured interviews <strong>and</strong> participative<br />
observation was gotten information about the productive process. It<br />
was made a frequencies study <strong>and</strong> the activities of the process were<br />
described. Results obtained showed that cow ownership was<br />
influenced mainly by Holstein-Friesian cross. They have herds less<br />
to 20 cows that are maintained in semi-extensive system in summer<br />
<strong>and</strong> feed-lot system in winter. In technology, all of them have<br />
preventive medicine schedules; 14 producers performed artificial<br />
insemination, <strong>and</strong> only 7 producers have mechanical milking. In the<br />
feeding mainly are used holding crop residues, maize, sorghum,<br />
commercial balanced food <strong>and</strong> grazing. Family labour is used on<br />
production process in 95%. Four main activities were identified:<br />
facilities cleaning, milking, milk delivery <strong>and</strong> feeding. It was<br />
observed improper techniques in: 1) the manual milking that have a<br />
negative influence on the quality product; 2) the feeding, due to the<br />
inefficient use of resources; <strong>and</strong> 3) the marketing because of the<br />
entrepreneurs who reduced the producers’ income. However, some<br />
producers have adapted technology which let them to improve their<br />
system. The competitiveness <strong>and</strong> permanence in a global market is<br />
based on the quality product <strong>and</strong> the efficient use of sources.<br />
Furthermore, the Maravatio’s family diary production has both<br />
weakness, if it does not improve, it would be out of commercial<br />
market.<br />
This work was supported by Program for technological Research <strong>and</strong><br />
Innovation Projects of the National autonomous University of Mexico<br />
(PAPIIT IN304307).<br />
Key words: family dairy, Mexico, process production<br />
1247 Effect of Three Different Phytotherapics on Bovine Skin<br />
Wound Healing Process<br />
L. Lipinski 1 , A. Wouk 2 , N. Lemos da Silva 3 , D. Perotto 3 , R. Ollhoff 4<br />
1 Universidade Federal do Paraná, Veterinary Clinical Sciences,<br />
Curitiba, Brazil<br />
2 Universidade Federal do Paraná, Veterinary Clinical Sciences,<br />
Curitiba, Brazil<br />
3 Instituto Agronômico do Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil<br />
4 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Ciencia Animal, Sao<br />
José dos Pinhais, Brazil<br />
Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the effect of the<br />
bark of Schinus therebentifolius, the sawdust of Tabebuia<br />
avellanedae <strong>and</strong> leaves <strong>and</strong> branches of Caesaria sylvestris, all<br />
native brazilian trees, on the wound healing process of the bovine<br />
skin by second intention.<br />
Material <strong>and</strong> methods: The skin of 11 Purun heifers was surgically<br />
removed with a 2cm - punch on 4 locations on both sides of the lombar<br />
region, on a parallel line 8 cm from the vertebral column <strong>and</strong> treated<br />
topically daily for 17 days with the decoctus of the three plants. One<br />
lesion on each side remained as control <strong>and</strong> was rinsed with saline<br />
solution. One row was r<strong>and</strong>omly chosen to be used for the<br />
histopathological excisions. The lesion was macroscopically evaluated<br />
at 5 times <strong>and</strong> the microscopic aspect (inflammatory response, young<br />
<strong>and</strong> mature granulation tissue) was evaluated twice (day 6 <strong>and</strong> 16). The<br />
centripetal cicatrization was measured drawing the border line of the<br />
lesion on a transparent sheet <strong>and</strong> calculating the area beneath. All<br />
animals were kept in individual stables with a previous 10 days<br />
adaption <strong>and</strong> received the same balanced feed. The macroscopic aspect<br />
was judged always by the same person who applied 3 different degrees<br />
(1 = bad, 2 = regular, 3 = good), considering local hemorrhage,<br />
presence of coagula, crusts, granulation tissue, epithelialization,<br />
presence of exudate.<br />
Results <strong>and</strong> discussion: Lesions treated with Tabebuia were better<br />
evaluated probably due to his anti-inflammatory properties, although<br />
histopathology with all treatments showed no influence over<br />
inflammation. Lesions treated with Caesaria initially did not differ<br />
from Schinus, but could not be differentiated subsequently from the<br />
control. Lesions treated with Schinus had a more dry <strong>and</strong> irregular<br />
aspect, probably due to the effect of tannines. The cicatrization area did<br />
not differ at any time from the control, but Tabebuia treated lesions<br />
showed a statistically measured tendency of faster improvement. The<br />
histopathological examination revealed a positive effect of Tabebuia<br />
<strong>and</strong> Schinus over fibroplasia.<br />
Conclusion: The phytoterapic extracted from Tabebuia avellanedae<br />
<strong>and</strong> Schinus therebentifolius improved cicatrization whereas Caesaria<br />
sylvestris showed a beneficial effect only at the beginning of the<br />
healing process. Phytoterapics could be used to promote the healing<br />
process as an alternative to disinfectants i.e. in organic farming<br />
systems.<br />
Key words: phytotherapy, wound, healing, bovine<br />
1248 Selenium Profile in Blood <strong>and</strong> Hair from Cattle,<br />
Environmentally Exposed to Selenium around Isfahan<br />
Ceramic Industry, Iran<br />
M. Pourjafar 1 , H. Sateri 2<br />
1 Shahrekord University, Clinical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran<br />
2 Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran<br />
Miscellaneous 309