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of 101.55±4.94 mmHg. Afterwards the mean arterial pressure decreased. There was significant increase in the heart rate (80±3 per minute) at 2 minute of diazepam administration when compared with the base value of 57 ± 2 beats per minute. There was no appreciable change in the values of CVP at any stage of observation. The findings revealed that diazepam is a good muscle relaxant with minimal cardiopulmonary effects. Key words: Diazepam, cow calf, heart rate, MAP, CVP 975 Surgical Removal of an Intraocular Malignant Melanoma in a Romanian Tsigai Ewe F. Beteg, A. Muste, N. Mates, L. Oana University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Department Surgery, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Melanomas are common in dogs, cats, and horses. They are observed occasionally as congenital defects in pigs, goats and calves. Melanomas usually are cutaneous neoplasms but can occur wherever melanocyte clusters are found. Eye and mouth are common sites, but meninges, bone, aorta, etc. are all reported sites. Although tumors within the globe may or may not be visible, their effect on ocular function can be dramatic, with visual impairments, discoloration, discomfort, or a shape changing of the ocular globe and exophthalmia. The globe tumors may be small and are often not apparent by the external exams of the enucleated globe. This paper describes the clinical, surgical and histopathological aspects of intraocular malignant melanoma on a Romanian Tsigai ewe. By our information and knowledge , intraocular melanoma has not been previously reported in a Romanian Tsigai.Tumoral growing was observed protruding out of the left eye at a two years old ewe of Romanian Tsigai. Clinical examination of the tumor was found to be partial infected and to cover the entire ocular surface. The eye was enucleated, and sampled to histopathological exams, and diagnosed as an intraocular malignant melanoma. The surgical removal by lateral enucleation was successful, because local excision was not amenable, with no sign of reoccurrence or metastasis nine months after surgical treatment. The success of the treatment is supposed to be due to the total removal of the tumor before to the development of metastasis. Key words: intraocular, malignant, melanoma, tumor 976 Hemodynamic and Hemogasometric Effects of Subarachnoid Administration of Ropivacaine in Sheep undergoing Laparotomy R. Godoy, L. Gouvea, C. Leite, R. Almeida, FH. Ximenes, L. Gontijo, C. Pereira, R. Ferreira II, JR. Borges, A. Teixeira Neto Universidade de Brasília, FAV, Brasília-DF Brazi Objectives of study: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the sensitive and motor block effects of ropivacaine in subarachnoid space of sheep, also correlating cardiac, respiratory and hemogasometric alterations. Materials and methods: Six young healthy sheep weighing between 47 ± 20 Kg were used. Parameters assessed were heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), sensitive response (SR) and motor response (MR). Arterial blood for hemogasometric analysis was also collected. The sensitive response was assessed at time zero and after the end of the procedure using a needle. During the procedure, surgical stimuli was used to test the sensibility. The HR was assessed using cardiac monitor and the SAP was measured with a non-invasive method. All the parameters were assessed before the administration of the drug (T0) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after. The spinal needle was introducted on subarachnoid space between L7 and S1 vertebras. The ropivacaine in the dose of 1,5 mg/Kg and volume completed to 10 mL using distillated water was administred slowly. The head was maintained higher than the body. About 15 minutes later, the animal was positioned on its right lateral recumbency and the flank laparotomy started. The parameters were assessed until 120 minutes post injection and after it, the animal was moved to the recovery room and observed until it could stand up. Results: There was no statically significant variation of the parameters pH, pCO 2, HCO 3, SAP and HR. The RR showed difference at times 30 to 60 minutes decreasing from the baseline rate. The blockade was effective from the tail to the scapular region. 264 XXV. Jubilee World Buiatrics Congress 2008 Conclusions: The experiment showed the hemodynamic stability of ropivacaine when used through subarachnoid route. The RR diminution may be attributed to an increased RR at time zero, due to manipulation stress and direct depression of the respiratory center. The sensitive response was annulled from 15 to 180 minutes after administration. The motor response, in other hand, had a lesslonging blockade, being present again after 90 minutes. This is a very interesting characteristic of the drug because it promotes immediate post operative analgesia, without the inconvenience of the animal being recumbent. Ropivacaine showed many advantages over other local anaesthetics when used through subarachnoid route in sheep. Support: FINATEC Key words: anaesthesy, sensitive blockade, motor blockade, flank laparotomy, ruminant 977 Clinical and Radiographic Finding of Lumbar Fracture in a Four–Year Old Cow A. Ghadrdan-Mashhadi, A. Ghadiri Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Vertebral fractures are common causes of spinal cord injury in large animals. Fractures of vertebral column in ruminants may result from trauma or abnormal bone mineralization. Spontaneous fracture of vertebrae, that are weakened by developmental defects or spinal abscesses also common problems in calves. Fractures of the lumbosacral spine of cattle are commonly caused by slipping in cemented areas. Many of the spinal fracture occur during mounting by animals that are exhibiting estral behavior. The clinical signs of spinal fractures are variable and depend on the site of the traumatic lesion, the severity of the spinal cord compression, and the involvement of specific anatomic tracts. A locally bred non-pregnant three years old cow was admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital of Shahid Chamran (Ahvaz) university with a history of difficulty in rising, progressive weakness of the pelvic limbs and ataxia. The duration of the disease was two months. The animal kept on grass, straw and bran. In clinical examination, the cow was depressed and its rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate were 39.3 °C, 84/min. and 64/min, respectively. On inspection, the lumbar region was swollen and on palpation was painful. Left lateral radiography was performed. Grid was not used and the exposure factors were 70KVP and 25mAs. There was a shortening of fourth lumbar vertebra with a chip fracture in the ventral part of the body of it. According to clinical and radiographic finding, spinal cord compression was diagnosed and because the treatment of this disease in farm animal is usually not possible, slaughter recommended. 978 Calf Umbilical Disease: Ultrasound Approach. Field Experience G. Gnemmi, C. Maraboli BOVINEVET, Italy Aims: The umbilical calf pathologies are a frustrate diagnosis for the veterinary clinician: the size of the calf and the abdomen tension, often don’t permit an easy palpation of the umbilicus area, consequently the diagnosis of each umbilical tumefaction may be mistake, also by an experienced clinician. Aim of this trial was to analyze the possible use of an ultrasound unit, normally used in bovine reproduction, for the diagnosis of calf umbilical diseases, in field condition. Material and Methods: The trial has been done during the period Jan. 2000-Dec. 2007 and it included 206 cases, in 35 farms. We had: 80 urachal abscess, 12 pervious uracho, 66 hernias (28 complicated), 48 umbelical vein abscess. The ultrasound examination was performed using a 5-7.5 MHz linear probe (Agroscan ® ECM France) and a 5 MHz sector probe (L 14 ® ECM France).The area from the sternum to the udder was clipped from the hair and a good quality ultrasound gel was applied to the skin area.The calves were scanned in standing position,in dorsal and in left lateral recumbency. Results: Umbilical hernia: has been possible to see if a complicated hernia was incarcerated with abomasal or intestinal handle. Urachal abscess: has been possible to see the size of the abscess: the abscess will appear as granular echoic material inside a dark space (fluid), surrounded by a echoic wall, positioned from the apex of the bladder
to the umbelicus. The arteries normally should atrophy after one week of age, but in some cases (8 cases) of artery abscessation we found two echoic tubular structures caudal to the apex of the bladder. Pervious uracho: a fluid-filled sac (anechoic structure with a thin wall) with a cord running from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus. Umbelical vein abscess: the abscess is positioned between the umbilicus and the liver; the ultrasound exam is fundamental in these cases for to determinate the size of the abscess and the liver damage, in particularly the ultrasound exam help the surgeon to decide if a marsupialization in necessary. Conclusion: Key words: umbilical, disease, field, ultrasound, approach 979 General Anesthetic (Propionylpromazine and Xilazine Hydrochloride) Usage in Penis Deviation Surgery for Marker’s Bulls F. Hidalgo y Teran Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia – Unam, Dept. de Produccion: Rumiantes, Mexico When field testing Bayva1450, 40 years back, the manufacturer told us this product was powerful enough to put bovine to sleep. Clearly we needed to learn how to use it in bovine practice. At that time we used Propionylpromazine as preanaesthetic and sedative, together with high amounts of local anaesthetic. They told us could be used for minor surgery, and could do without Propionylpromazine altogether. However, when we used, we found it had no sedative effect; it only provoked chemical arresting and muscular relaxation. After recovery, animals were irritated & aggressive. Effect duration began at 20 min. and for no more than 45 min. by IM application. Propionylpromazine effects began 60 min. after IM application, being long lasting with good sedative effect for 7 to 20 hrs. Dosage employed was as follows: Propionylpromazine: intramuscular shot, 2 ml per 100 kg of body weight Xilazine: intramuscular, 1.5 ml per each 100 kg body weight In order to assure sought results, maximum dosage had to be used, for both drugs. Usually, in the field we were able to rig a makeshift operation table out of two iron containers and a door. The animal’s head was left hanging free because excessive ptialism, and also because ordinarily some ruminal content comes out of its mouth. The area around the penis is shaven, as well as another previously selected spot. Asepsis is achieved by means of 10% iodine solution in these parts, and for the surgeon and assistant hands as well. Zinc sulfate ointment was used for after-surgery protection. An atropine sulfide shot is administered after surgery is finished; water is spilt over the animal’s head, which greatly contributes to its prompt recovery. Soon the animal wake up and is able to walk out of the place by its own means. On these grounds, I have concluded that using Propionylpromazine as preanaesthetic, and Xilazine as general anaesthetic, excellent anaesthetic effects were obtained, effective for 2 hours beginning after 20 min after injection of Xilazine; this lapse of time is more than enough for penis surgery with having to resort to local anaesthetics, with excellent overall results. 980 Control of Vaginal and Rectal Prolapses by Pneumoperitoneum in Sheep - Cases report M. Ferreira 1 , V. Gheller 2 , L. Oliveira 2 , I. Borges 1 , G. Macedo Junior 1 1 Escola de Veterinária da UFMG, Departamento de Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, Brazil 2 Escola de Veterinária da UFMG, Departamento de Clinica e Cirurgia Veterinaria, , Belo Horizonte, Brazil Vaginal prolapse is the eversion of the internal structures of the female reproductive system as an intussusception-like folding of the vaginal floor just cranial to the vestibulovaginal junction. The discomfort caused by eversion, associated with irritation and swelling of the exposed mucous, results in the increase of the extent of prolapse. The consequences can be fatal, depending on the extent of involvement of the urinary tract, with narrowing of the urethra and bladder rupture. Vaginal prolapse commonly occurs in cattle and sheep, usually in adult females during the last months of pregnancy. The predisposing factors include increased intra-abdominal pressure associated with an enlarged uterus, intra-abdominal fat, increased concentrations of circulating estrogen and relaxin during the final stage of pregnancy causing relaxation of the pelvic structures and perineum, hypocalcemia, high prolificacy, and obesity. Rectal prolapse is a common condition that affects sheep, pigs, and cattle. The prolapse always results from an increase in intrapelvic pressure and therefore accompanies conditions such as tenesmus, diarrhea, frequent coughing, obesity, vaginal prolapse, and vaginal irritation. Particularly in sheep, excessively short tail docking predisposes to rectal prolapse. Amputation of the tail at the sacrococcygeal junction results in marked atrophy of the muscles of the tail, which permits excessive movement of the rectum to occur. For the reduction of prolapse, both vaginal, or rectal, usually proper cleaning and reduction of local swelling are done, followed by the reversal of the structure and containment of the muscles by Bühner suture around the perineum to ensure that another episode does not occur until the predicted date of delivery. An alternative technique to control the tenesmus and decrease the incidence of recurrence is the permission of air entrance within the peritoneal cavity. The technique of pneumoperitoneum was used to replace the surgical procedure in two confined crossbred LacaunexSanta Inns sheep, which showed vaginal and rectal prolapses in the last month of pregnancy. After the reduction of prolapses, a 40gauge needle was introduced in the right flank of the animals, 2cm below the transverse process and caudal to the last rib, allowing the entry of air into the peritoneal cavity and reversal of the internal pressure. The animals carry the gestation to term, both twin deliveries, without recurrences. 981 Atlas of Bovine Soft Tissue Endoscopy. New Learning Tool for Veterinary Students and Bovine Practitioners I. Schlup 1 , M. Wegmüller 2 , M. Stoffel 3 , A. Steiner 1 1 University of Berne, Clinic for Ruminants, Bern, Switzerland 2 University of Berne, Virology, Bern, Switzerland 3 University of Berne, Anatomy and Embryology, Bern, Switzerland Introduction: Over the past years, endoscopic examinations in veterinary medicine became increasingly important and markedly improved the range of clinical diagnostic procedures. Endoscopic techniques such as theloscopy, tracheoscopy, rhinoscopy, oesophagoscopy, cystoscopy and laparoscopy are of special interest in bovine medicine. Objectives: In order to make our vast experience in soft tissue endoscopy of cattle available to a wider audience, we decided to work up our case collection into an electronic atlas. Results: At the Clinic for Ruminants of the Vetsuisse-Faculty of Berne, Switzerland, an average of 15 endoscopies are performed per month, 90% of which are of diagnostic significance. Our documentation is based on clinical cases of a three years period (2004- 2007) and contains more than 60 sequences of pathological findings and about 30 sequences (250 screen shots) of physiological situations for comparison and some representative examples of endoscopically guided surgical interventions. Frequently diagnosed pathologies include teat obstructions, retropharyngeal processes and affections of the upper respiratory and the urinary tracts. Endoscopically guided surgical interventions include theloscopic removal of distal teat obstructions and fixation of the abomasum. The electronic atlas is based on the popular flash-format, which is suitable for web distribution as well as for distribution on DVD. For development we used Adobe Flex 2.0, image and video editing was done with Adobe Fireworks 8.0 and Adobe Premiere Elements 3.0, respectively. All endoscopic examinations were performed with instruments produced by Karl Storz Endoskope, Germany (http://www.karlstorz.com). Swiss federal animal protection law was strictly respected at all times. Conclusions: The electronic atlas represents a suitable learning tool of bovine soft tissue endoscopy and endoscopically guided surgical interventions for veterinary students and practising veterinarians, allowing visual insight in a variety of disease processes. The full version will be available on DVD by the end of 2008. A Demo version is currently accessible at http://www.wiederkaeuerklinik.unibe.ch/ lenya/wiederkaeuerklinik/live/lehre/elektronischelehrmittel.html Key words: bovine endoscopy, electronic atlas, theloscopy, laparoscopy, oesophagoscopy 982 Orthopedic Treatment in Ruminants E. Tellez, I. Castro Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2nd Department of Large Animals Clinic, Mexico City, Mexico Surgery, Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Diagnostic Imaging 265
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130. évfolyam Különszám II. Vol
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The World Buiatrics Congress (WBC)
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lood and liver tissue. Absolute vit
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RNS causes increased lipid peroxida
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An experiment was conducted to stud
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2 Hungarian Institute of Agricultur
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and plasma HCO 3 - increased from H
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Materials and Methods: Serum sample
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vitamin A stores in liver, the hypo
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andomly assigned to one of five tre
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observed in group II of the animals
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The aim of the monitoring was to co
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health group (HG) categories for an
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lactating cows is sparse. Lotan and
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491 Effect of Acarbose on Milk Yiel
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499 Secondary Hepatogenous Photosen
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they all died in a two to three day
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and HCO 3 level. The concentration
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amount of saponins was observed in
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Water was offered ad-libitum. Feed
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Se, I and Co) more than 500 blood s
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541 Variability of Blood Profile an
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evaluated, highly significantly gre
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we measured sensitivity of the enti
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were 0.17; 0.13 °C (Max.: 0.73). D
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calving pregnancy period were the b
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2 University of Nottingham, Departm
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animals) was treated with 5 mg enro
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In dairying, good management practi
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Somatic cell count (SCC) is one of
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This investigation was run in some
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eproductive data showed that cows f
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(3.6%) and others (Bacillus spp., N
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602 Coagulase Gene Polymorphism of
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2 Institute of Veterinary Bacteriol
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an important part of the pathogens
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4 Universidade de Sao Paulo, Clinic
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incubated for one hour at 37 oC. Af
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In Belgium, an increasing amount of
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Conclusion: It can be concluded tha
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calves recovered after 4 to 10 days
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disease. Thus losses were estimated
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635 Prevalence of the Pulmonary Les
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Conclusions The sanitation program
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Italy. After the sample examination
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Results: The cows sera were collect
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(Mb) as co-infecting agent is becom
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distributed over 13 different fatte
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main infection sources to the urban
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686 Characterisation of Cattle Orig
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using EPFC. The intradermal tubercu
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three cattle farms each. Leptospiro
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(cELISA) only to definitively confi
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1 Islamic Azad University of Shahre
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Financial support: CNPq, CAPES, FIN
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731 Detection and Investigation on
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necropsied, tissue samples were tak
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aseline values. The mean HCO 3, PCO
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immunization with either the curren
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decrease in animal aggregation in p
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747 Effect of Dietary Supplementati
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755 Study of Pulmonary Adenomatosis
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1 University of Erciyes, Faculty of
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2006 was observed a small decreasin
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for O69 strain), and clinical signs
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2 University of Veterinary Medicine
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794 Serum Haptoglobin and Fibrinoge
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complete random design (CRD). The r
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- Ca, Mg, K, and Ca:P ratio were lo
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818 Cerebral Coenurosis in a Goat:
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concentrations of the goat milk, in
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was significant and showed that bre
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cm long and 1/48 cm diameter. Middl
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circular external skeletal fixator
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847 Llama Anesthesia for Orthopedic
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28 Preliminary Results of a General
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Israeli commercial dairy herds cons
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109 Association between Johne’s D
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195 Changes in Plasma Beta-Carotene
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In the last year 2006, in the perio
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serious economic concern in the fat
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was a cumulative incidence rate of
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The level of antibodies produced in
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1096 Determination of Risk Indicato
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ParaCheck, CSL/Biocor, Australia (C
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1111 The Prevalence of Hock Lesions
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Objectives: To evaluate two differe
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1126 Relationships between Paratube
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1134 A Comparison between Two Calf
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The present work aimed to investiga
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University College Dublin, School o
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214 Cystic Ovarian Diseases in Dair
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inseminator were tested in regressi
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University of Nottingham, Animal He
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tissue (8,6 cm 2 ) was twice as lar
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libido in unmotivated males. Simila
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groups according to their diameter
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improve embryonic development are m
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in each sample). On day 0, 104 cows
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1 Warsaw University of Life Science
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and durable spermatozoa. Within the
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motility and CM integrity (p=0.869
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the median number of attempted moun
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909 The effect of “GnRH” and
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3 COOPEVOLIA, Centre Zootechnique,
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923 Production of Bovine Blackleg V
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Institute of Physiology and Sanocre
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Page 218 and 219: (I.M.) 1 mg of estradiol cipionate
Page 220 and 221: Lameness results in major economic
Page 222 and 223: methods; ANOVA (with binary classif
Page 224 and 225: Initially two radiographs were obta
Page 226 and 227: number of positive faecal samples d
Page 228 and 229: Pfizer Animal Health, Veterinary Me
Page 230 and 231: Key words: calf, active immunity, p
Page 232 and 233: 1 University of Camerino, Veterinar
Page 234 and 235: vaccinated (Group II) with Pastobov
Page 236 and 237: # Antigens Association in diarrhea
Page 238 and 239: 1015 Prevalence of Eimeria Infectio
Page 240 and 241: group showed higher serum lactate c
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Page 244 and 245: concentrations of calves with umbil
Page 246 and 247: The goal of this paper is to expose
Page 248 and 249: 187 Cooling Strategies to Improve M
Page 250 and 251: inspections, carried out by specifi
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Page 256 and 257: POSTER ABSTRACTS 1225 The Effect of
Page 258 and 259: multiple fracture (n=1, 1.3%). The
Page 260 and 261: position. A fusiform skin incision
Page 262 and 263: Conclusions: It is the first presen
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Page 268 and 269: In Mexico, there is a wide variety
Page 270 and 271: Cardiovascular disorders are common
Page 272 and 273: Conclusion: The total contamination
Page 274 and 275: Material and methods: The trial inc
Page 276 and 277: detection of M. wenyonii infection.
Page 278 and 279: 390 Study on Attenuation Mechanisms
Page 280 and 281: POSTER ABSTRACTS 1152 Detection of
Page 282 and 283: digestion. It works only on Apicomp
Page 284 and 285: determined. In addition the surface
Page 286 and 287: Africa and Europe, which causes mor
Page 288 and 289: Results: On D0, the animals include
Page 290 and 291: addition of mineral salt, during 12
Page 292 and 293: digestion could be improved with im
Page 294 and 295: Ltd., Blandford Forum, UK). The air
Page 296 and 297: cattle ocular squamous cell carcino
Page 298 and 299: pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK
Page 300 and 301: Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV)
Page 302 and 303: significantly lower in groups vacci
Page 304 and 305: 5.00+0.67 and 4.94+0.15 mEq/l in th
Page 306 and 307: potable water and food, avoiding st
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Page 310 and 311: electrochemical properties of the a
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influence of different risk factors
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performances of primiparous cows ar
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anaerobes. Aerobic bacteria isolate
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P4 12 to 24 hours before calving is
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exists about Mb prevalence in dairy
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frequency of animals with BoHV anti
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esults, supported by a decrease in
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international drivers of change. Th
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The performance of two groups of no
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spasm is accompanied by kyphosis, w
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occurrence of a crisis of stiffness
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Notices 336 XXV. Jubilee World Buia
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