Volume 1 - Iraq Watch

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Fifteenth:Based on the Jordanian request, the Oil Production and Distributing Company offered to ship the extraquantities of the liquid gas imported through Al Aqabah port to its storage locations in Al Zarqaa, Amman,and Irbid using its own tankers according to a separate agreement to be signed between the Oil Productionand Distribution Company and the Jordanian Refining Company Ltd., similar to the agreements signed inearlier years.Sixteenth:The Distribution Company or its authorities will ship the oil derivatives, request the Jordanian Oil RefiningCompany according to its regulation to pay the shipping cost and receive all dues directly.Seventeenth:The Oil Production and Distribution Company will be exempted from all applicable fees existing in theKingdom of Jordan.Regime Financeand ProcurementEighteenth:This agreement is expandable to include any additional needed periods pending an acceptance by bothparties.Written and signed in Baghdad on Ramadan 16 th 1423November 21 st 2002[Signature]By Jordanian sideEngineer Azmy KhrisatGeneral TrusteeMinistry of Energy andMineral Resources[Signature]By Iraqi sideSaddam Zaban HasanDeputyOil Ministry[List of attendeesJordanian SideIraqi Side1. Engineer Azmy Khrisat 1. Mr. Saddam Zaban Hasan2. Mr. Ezzuddeen Kanakryyah 2. Mr. Thamir Abbas Ghadban3. Engineer Abdul Kareim Alawein 3. Mr. Sameer Mikhail Asaad4. Engineer Wijdan Al Rabady 4. Mr. Fadil Muhammad Baqir5. Mr. Hazim Rahahlah153
Syria-Iraq Trade ProtocolThe Iraq-Syria Trade Protocol was negotiated from 27to 29 May 2000 in Baghdad. The primary participantswere the SOMO and the Iraqi State Oil MarketingOrganization. The document (See Figures 1 and 2)was signed for Iraq by Saddam Zayn Hasan, AuthorizedDirector of SOMO, and for Syria by Dr. DaoodHaidar, Chief of the Syrian Oil Marketing Office.Turkey-Iraq Trade ProtocolThe main details of the Turkey-Iraq Protocol wereagreed to at meetings between Iraqi and Turkishdelegations in early 2000. Minutes of meetingswere signed on 16 January 2000 (Mosul), 29 February2000 (Baghdad), and 16 May 2000 (locationunknown). The 16 January document (See Figure3) was signed for Iraq by Amir Rashid Muhammadal-Ubaydi, Minister of Oil, Republic of Iraq, andfor Turkey by Kursad Tuzmen, Undersecretary forForeign Trade, Republic of Turkey. It was decidedthat a joint team of experts from the two sides wouldmeet every three months to review the progress of theimplementation of the trade Protocol.154
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Comprehensive Reportof the Special
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versus another. They deserve at lea
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In Saddam’s view, Iraq was the na
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UNSCOM gave a sufficiently positive
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The Regime, drawing on the experien
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December 1998. The United States an
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The new Iraq could benefit from the
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and the Baath party. This is a volu
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have been important, though they ha
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Regime StrategicIntentRegime Strate
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ContentsKey Findings...............
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AnnexesA. The Quartet—Influence a
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Key FindingsSaddam Husayn so domina
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Former Iraqi Regime Officials Varie
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Who Made Iraq’s StrategicDecision
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• Tariq ‘Aziz described the req
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• Instead, voluminous files were
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secure Saddam’s support for odd o
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Saddam’s Use of Execution—Manag
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solely for civilian use when the re
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directly and continuously to him. H
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How Saddam Saw HisSubordinatesMinin
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Saddam’s PsychologyHow Saddam Saw
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to consist of was hazy. His drive t
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Iraq’s Use of CW in 1991 Against
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Excerpts from a Closed-Door Meeting
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maker asserted that either country
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Israel“There can never be stabili
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Saddam’s handling of Iraq’s res
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this to the international community
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Regime StrategicIntentNote: Red cel
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Iraq’s Relationship With RussiaTh
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Realizing Saddam’s VeiledWMD Inte
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Selected UN Security Council Resolu
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Husayn KamilBorn in 1955 within the
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ibility with UNSCOM. Iraqi demands
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and the International Atomic Energy
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The Saga of the “Chicken Farm”
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Security Services (continued)The Sp
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VX Warhead Samples & The Iraqi Air
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success—reduced or suspended oil
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Preserving and Restoring WMD Infras
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• The Regime also sought diplomat
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Renewing UN InspectionsIraq allowed
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never part of the military plan cra
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• Former Minister of Defense Sult
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Annex AThe Quartet—Influence and
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Perceptions of Threat and Challenge
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OverviewAnnex BIraq’s Intelligenc
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Regime StrategicIntentThe Scientifi
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M6, Directorate of Internal Securit
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Structure of M14• Special Operati
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M18, Directorate of ResidencyM18 is
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Structure of M40• M40/1 Monitors
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OverviewAnnex CIraq’s Security Se
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The Special SecurityOrganizationSad
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Regime StrategicIntentThe Special S
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Structure of the SSO Security Branc
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The Republican GuardThe Republican
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The Republican Guard Forces Command
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Annex DSaddam’s Personal Involvem
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[Translator Comment: they are in go
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Regime Financeand ProcurementRegime
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ContentsA Word on the Scope of This
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MIC Banking and Financing .........
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A Word on the Scope of This Chapter
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Key FindingsThroughout the 1990s an
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ents. He made all modifications to
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Chapter SummaryThe Illicit Finance
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The Regime TimelineDecline (1991-96
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OverviewDirecting and Budgeting Ira
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Regime Financeand ProcurementFigure
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Iraq’s National Budget 1991-2002A
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OverviewFinancing Iraq’s IllicitP
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including abolishing universal empl
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Behind the scenes, the Iraqi govern
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for what they imported in 1992, pro
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Figure 10. Iraq’s estimated earni
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stated that he believed the Russian
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documents. Ten other Iraqi embassie
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were made to at least two Iraqi fro
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Figure 21. Iraq’s estimated earni
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SOMO Account Balances Outside of Ir
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with an *) shows the total proceeds
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seas accounts in Lebanon and Jordan
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and the overseas banks forwarded ac
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assets in employee-named accounts.
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OverviewExecuting Illicit Procureme
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necessary to accommodate the large
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offices, there was only a single em
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MoD’s Procurement Leadership at t
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Although other Iraqi ministries wer
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From 2000 onwards, the RG’s annua
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The information provided by these t
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its real activity, which was coordi
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• In May 2002, ARMOS was offered
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officer suggested Neptune would be
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• A foreign intelligence service
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MIC Research Support at Universitie
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Figure 51. Sattam HamidFarhan Al-Ga
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Supplying Iraq With ProhibitedCommo
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UNSCOM’s Operation Tea Cup (1995
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• The technology included guidanc
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Embassy to Jordan in Amman. The fir
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Page 240 and 241: Since 1991, Iraqi-Turkish trade rev
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Page 244 and 245: Chinese Assistance in Iraqi Telecom
Page 246 and 247: October 2001, Syrian technicians we
Page 248 and 249: • Yugoslav Federal also supplied
Page 250 and 251: Regime Financeand ProcurementFigure
Page 252 and 253: jammers, night-vision devices, and
Page 254 and 255: • According to captured documents
Page 256 and 257: Transportation Routes From North Ko
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Page 264 and 265: conflict, President Lukashenko inst
Page 266 and 267: Many transactions for prohibited go
Page 268 and 269: Importing ProhibitedCommoditiesDece
Page 270 and 271: International Commodity Deception:T
Page 272 and 273: Disguising the Commodity’s Destin
Page 274 and 275: months to reach Baghdad from Bulgar
Page 278 and 279: Figure 68. Primary oil smuggling ro
Page 280 and 281: Annex ATranslations of Iraq’s Bil
Page 282 and 283: An ISG Translation of the 2003 Iraq
Page 284 and 285: Benzene for automobiles:If there is
Page 286 and 287: Secondly: oil derivativesThe Iraqi
Page 290 and 291: Figure 1. The Iraq-SyriaTrade Proto
Page 292 and 293: Figure 2. Iraq-Syria TradeProtocol
Page 294 and 295: Figure 3. The Iraq-TurkeyTrade Prot
Page 302 and 303: Annex BKnown Oil Voucher Recipients
Page 304 and 305: Oil Allocation RecipientList (conti
Page 336 and 337: Key Budgetary ActorsAnnex CIraq’s
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decision and issued a presidential
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• The NSC Auditing Division sent
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Annex DIraq Economic Data (1989-200
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Figure 8. Sectoralcomposition of Ir
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Figure 10. Iraq’s Paris Clubcredi
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Balance of Payments/Exchange RatesE
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Figure 16. Exchange rateID/USD.Regi
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Annex EIllicit Earnings Sources and
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account for half a year each, were
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Annex FIraqi Oil SmugglingCaptured
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ISG Translation of an Oil Sale Cont
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truck to the Turkish border. Althou
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Figure 22. Contractbetween the Nati
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Figure 22. Contractbetween the Nati
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Figure 24. Letter from A.J.Khazamip
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Figure 25 . Second letterfrom A.J.
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Figure 27. Contract forpetroleum pr
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Figure 27. Contract forpetroleum pr
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Figure 29. Contractbetween al Basha
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Figure 29. Contractbetween al Basha
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Figure 31. Telex from aFrench bank
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Figure 32. Unipack ofParis contract
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Figure 33. Telex from VitolGeneva t
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Figure 35. Letter dated 30December
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Annex GIraq’s Banking Systemdid n
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Figure 37. Department,department di
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anks for some transactions in the b
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Annex HUN Security Council Resoluti
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• UNSCR 1175 also noted that the
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Annex ISuspected WMD-Related Dual-U
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• An electrophoresis system inclu
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• The MIC initiated direct contac
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Annex JThe Procurement of Conventio
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Possible Breaches of UN Sanctions b
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Letters Dealing With a Planned Visi
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ack to Baghdad without repair. The
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specified that the Iraqi attendees
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• In April 1999, seven Russian en
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• The letter also indicates that
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• In another letter, SARA-M refer
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Possible Belarusian Breaches of UN
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Possible Syrian Breaches of UN Sanc
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• A recovered contract dated 20 F
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9k38 portable air defense systems (
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Annex KSuspected Intermediary andFr
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Atera ManufacturingDaei Internation
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Annex LProcurement AcronymsAcronymA
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IAFIraqi Armed ForcesIDIraqi DinarI
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TPICTTCUAEUAVUDMHUHFUNUNCCUNDPUNESC
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Regime Strategy and WMD Timeline Ev
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