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445Paradigms of Law ----- --- --- --- ---tion."94 The procedural paradigm is not distinguished from the twoearlier paradigms by its being "formal" in the sense of "empty" or"poor in content." In pointing to civil society and the politicalpublic sphere, it forcefully singles out points of reference fromwhich the democratic process acquires a different weight and a rolepreviously neglected in the realization of the system of rights. Incomplex societies, the scarcest resources are neither the productivityof a market economy nor the regulatory capacity of the publicadministration. It is above all the resources of an exhausted economyof nature and of a disintegrating social solidarity that require anurturing approach. The forces of social solidarity can be regeneratedin complex societies only in the forms of communicativepractices of self-determination.The project of realizing the system of rights-a project specificallydesigned for the conditions of our society, and hence for aparticular, historically emergent society-cannot be merely formal.Nevertheless, this paradigm of law, unlike the liberal andsocial-welfare models, no longer favors a particular ideal of society,a particular vision of the good life, or even a particular politicaloption. It is "formal" in the sense that it merely states the necessaryconditions under which legal subjects in their role of enfranchisedcitizens can reach an understanding with one another about whattheir problems are and how they are to be solved. The proceduralparadigm is certainly connected with the self-referential expectationof shaping not only the self-understanding of elites who dealwith law as experts but that of all participants. But this expectationdoes not aim at indoctrination and has nothing totalitarian aboutit-to anticipate an objection that, though far-fetched, is leveledagainst discourse theory again and again. For the new paradigm isup for discussion under its own conditions: to the extent that itwould shape the horizon of a preunderstanding within whicheveryone could take part in the interpretation of the constitution,each sharing the labor in her own way, every perceived historicalchange in the social context would have to be conceived as achallenge to reexamine the legal paradigm itself. Certainly thisunderstanding, like the rule of law itself, retains a dogmatic core:the idea of autonomy according to which human beings act as freesubjects only insofar as they obey just those laws they give them-
446Chapter 9selves in accordance with insights they have acquired intersubjectively.This is "dogmatic" only in a harmless sense. It expresses atension between facticity and validity, a tension that is "given" withthe fact of the symbolic infrastructure of sociocultural forms oflife,which is to say that for us, who have developed our identity in sucha form of life, it cannot be circumvented.
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Between Facts and NormsContribution
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ContentsTranslator's IntroductionPr
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viiContents8.3 Civil Society, Publi
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XWilliam Rehgracy, and an account o
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xiiWilliam Rehglated as "principle
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xivWilliam Rehgalways limited conte
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XVIITranslator's Introductionon the
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XIXTranslator's Introductioncratic
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XXITranslator's Introduction-------
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XXIIITranslator's Introductionties
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XXV-Translator's Introductionhappin
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XXVII- -------- -------------- --Tr
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XXIXTranslator's Introductionsophic
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xxxiTranslator's Introduction"liber
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xxxiiiTranslator's Introductioncomm
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Translator's Introductionof this. W
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XXXVIITranslator's Introductionpenu
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xiPrefaceproblem that arises "betwe
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xliiPrefacenow considers itself vic
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1Law as a Category of Social Mediat
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3Law as Social Mediation between Fa
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7------- ---- - - ----Law as Soc
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11Law as Social Mediation between F
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21-----Law as Social Mediation betw
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43The Sociology of Law vs. the Phil
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63The Sociolo-,ry of Law vs. the Ph
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73-- - ---The Sociology of Law vs.
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77--The Sociology of Law vs. the Ph
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83------- - - ------- ------- ----A
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85A Reconstructive Approach to Law
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87"-- ------ -- --- - --A Reconstru
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91--- - "" ____ " _____ _A Reconstr
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109 ---A Reconstructive Approach to
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IllA Reconstructive Approach to Law
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117-- --A Reconstructive Approach t
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123------------- -A Reconstructive
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!53-A Reconstructive Approach to La
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161------A Reconstructive Approach
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185-- -- ----A Reconstructive Appro
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191---- ---- ----- --A Reconstructi
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195---····----- ---The Indeterm
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197The Indeterminacy of Law and the
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199The Indeterminacy o_£ Law and t
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211--The Indeterminacy of Law and t
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221"------------------The Indetermi
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227----------··- --The Indetermin
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239Judiciary and Legislaturecourts
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241Judiciary and Legislaturesettle
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243Judiciary and Legislature"fact s
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245Judiciary and Legislaturestate,
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247Judiciary and Legislaturerights
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249Judiciary and Legislaturediffere
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251-Judiciary and Legislatureinters
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253---- ------- -----Judiciary and
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255Judiciary and Legislaturereal pr
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259Judiciary and Legislatureerected
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261--- - ---Judiciary and Legislatu
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263Judiciary and Legislaturetion of
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265Judiciary and Legislatureagainst
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267Judiciary and Legislature6.3 The
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_2 6 _9 _________ _________________
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271Judiciary and Legislatureconcept
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273Judiciary and Legislatureof publ
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275Judiciary and Legislaturesphere
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277Judiciary and Legislaturesame su
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279------ ----- -- ---Judiciary and
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281Judiciary and Legislatureself-in
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283Judiciary and Legislaturevalues
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285Judiciary and Legislatureconcept
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7Deliberative Politics: A Procedura
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289---- ----- --- ------ ---- -- --
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291Deliberative Politics---- - -- -
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293Deliberative Politicslatent dang
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295Deliberative Politicstive politi
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297Deliberative Politicsdiscourse a
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299Deliberative Politicsthat lead o
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301Deliberative Politicsphysically
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303Deliberative Politicsreproductio
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305--- ---- ----Deliberative Politi
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307Deliberative PoliticsIt is also
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309·· ·-·Deliberative Politicst
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311Deliberative Politicsneutral gro
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313Deliberative Politics ----- ----
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315Deliberative Politics7.3 The Soc
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317Deliberative Politicstional chan
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319Deliberative Politicsthat allow
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321--Deliberative Politicspolitical
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323Deliberative Politicstion," thou
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325Deliberative Politicsthe persona
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327Deliberative Politicsalone.57 Fr
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8Civil Society and the Political Pu
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331----- ----- ---Civil Society and
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333Civil Society and the Political
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337----"-- -"--"----Civil Society a
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351----- ----- ------ ---Civil Soci
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355-------------Civil Society and t
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365--- ·-- ----- ----Civil Society
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371--- ------ --- ---Civil Society
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389Paradigms of Lawsection of const
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391Paradigms of Lawdifferent unders
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393Paradigms of Lawcentury or today
Page 438 and 439: 395Paradigms of Lawand at whatever
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Page 442 and 443: 399Paradigms of Lawas well as the d
Page 444 and 445: 401Paradigms of Lawit does not mean
Page 446 and 447: 403------ ·-- ----Paradigms of Law
Page 448 and 449: 405Paradigms of Lawment of administ
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Page 452 and 453: 409Paradigms of Lawprivate and gove
Page 454 and 455: 411Paradigms of Lawprotection guara
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Page 460 and 461: 417Paradigms of LawThese criteria e
Page 462 and 463: 419Paradigms of Lawdistribution of
Page 464 and 465: 421Paradigms of Lawsion of criminal
Page 466 and 467: 423Paradigms of Lawused to label di
Page 468 and 469: 425Paradigms of Lawtarget, however,
Page 470 and 471: 427Paradigms of Lawunderstanding of
Page 472 and 473: 429Paradigms of Lawcratic procedure
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Page 476 and 477: 433Paradigms of Laware dependent on
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Page 480 and 481: 437Paradigms of Law9.3.2Legal parad
Page 482 and 483: 439Paradigms of Law- ----- - ---(a)
Page 484 and 485: 441Paradigms of Lawinterference and
Page 486 and 487: 443Paradigms of LawThe criticism of
Page 490 and 491: Postscript (1994)There is a sense i
Page 492 and 493: 449Postscriptsides money and admini
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Page 500 and 501: 457··-··Postscript· ----------
Page 502 and 503: 459Postscriptdeem it to be equally
Page 504 and 505: 461Postscript5Law is not a narcissi
Page 506 and 507: Appendix IPopular Sovereignty as Pr
Page 508 and 509: 465Popular Sovereignty as Procedure
Page 510 and 511: 467-Popular Sovereignty as Procedur
Page 516 and 517: 473-Popular Sovereignty as Procedur
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Page 526 and 527: 483- ------------Popular Sovereignt
Page 528 and 529: 485---Popular Sovereignty as Proced
Page 532 and 533: 489· ------- -- ------- ---Popular
Page 534 and 535: Appendix IICitizenship and National
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495Citizenship and National Identit
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503-- ····------·------Citizen
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509-- -----Citizenship and National
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511- --- --- --Citizenship and Nati
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518Notes to pages xiii-xvi"On the P
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520Notes to pages xxii-xxix21. Nikl
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522Notes to pages xxxv-xliiiCurrie,
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524-- ----·---·------Notes to pag
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528Notes to pages 68-7738. Weber, E
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530Notes to pages 87-97influenced p
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532Notes to pages 117-144develop. I
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534Notes to pages 165-173geared mor
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536---------- ----- --- --- --- - -
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538Notes to pages 197-2104. Cf. R.
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540Notes to pages 218-225foreseeabl
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542Notes to pages 231-237from the r
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544Notes to pages 247-25415. H. Hub
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546------Notes to pages 268-27553.]
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548Notes to pages 280-294obligation
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550----· --- ---Notes to pages 306
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552Notes to pages 315-32743. R. A.
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554--- --------- -----Notes to page
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556Notes to pages 349-36743. Willke
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558---- -- --------- --- · ·--
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560Notes to pages 403-410of private
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562Notes to pages 416-42448. As in
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564Notes to pages 431-443(Constitut
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566Notes to pages 458-464pertains t
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568Notes to pages 490- 49727 . H. B
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BibliographyAarnio, A. The Rational
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573BibliographyBenhabib, S. Critiqu
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575----------------------------Bibl
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577BibliographyFrobel,]. Monarchie
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579------------ --Bibliography---.
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581Bibliography--- ------ ---Hoerst
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583BibliographyKondgen,J. Selbstbin
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585BibliographyMarshall, T. H. Citi
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587Bibliography------ -------------
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589BibliographyRolke, L. Protestbew
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591··-·-------- --··· -- ----
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593--Bibliography---. "Konsens als
Page 639 and 640:
596IndexAdministration (continued)a
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598Index-------·-------· ----- --
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600IndexCoercionauthorized, 28, 72,
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602IndexConstitutional rights. See
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604IndexDiscourse principle (contin
Page 649 and 650:
606IndexEthical discourse (continue
Page 651 and 652:
608-------Index-------·· -Idealiz
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610IndexJustice, 469, 472in adjudic
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612IndexLaw (continued)legitimate/l
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614---Index-- -------·· -·--- -
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616---------------Index··--·----
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618IndexNegotiation. See Bargaining
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620IndexPhilosophyof consciousness/
Page 665 and 666:
622IndexPower (continued)of state,
Page 667 and 668:
624IndexPublic sphere (continued)se
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626IndexRousseau,Jean:Jacques, 32on
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628IndexSovereignty. See also Popul
Page 673 and 674:
630--Index-- · --- . . -----· ·
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