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Table 3.4.11 Sensitivity and specificity for Centre of Epidemiological Studies
Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) as screening instrument for depression
with semistructured or structured interviews as reference standard.
Author
Year
Reference
Country
Study design
Setting
Population
Inclusion & exclusion criteria
Prevalence
Index test
Reference test
Number of patients
Drop-out rate
Rater
Rater training
Interobserver reliability
Sensitivity
Specificity
Study quality
Comments
Fendrich et al
1990
[71]
USA
Design
Retrospective, cohort
Setting
Research setting
Population
220 children, high and low risk
for major depression by virtue
of the presence or absence of
major depression in one or
more of their parents or not
57% girls, age 6–23 years
Index test
CES-DC
Reference test
K-SADS included in the
Best estimate diagnoses
Number of patients
n=166
Drop-out rate
None
Rater index test
Children’s self assessment
Rater, reference test
Not described
Rater training
Not described
Interobserver reliability
Not reported
MDD at cut off 16
Sensitivity: 71%
Specificity: 62%
Moderate
Comments
Sampling method
Longitudinal sample
Blinding
Satisfactory
Handling of missing data
Participants with incompletely
filled in questionnaires
were excluded
Inclusion criteria
Having completed all 20 items
on the CES-DC at initial assessment
Other comments
Time between tests
unclear
Exclusion criteria
None
Prevalence
MDD 17%
CES-DC = Center for epidemiological studies depression scale for children; K-SADS =
Kiddie-schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia; MDD = Major depressive
disorder
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