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Table 3.5.38 LCM-p for assessment of severity of bipolar disorder
with CGI-BP as reference standard.
Author
Year
Reference
Country
Study design
Setting
Population
Inclusion & exclusion criteria
Prevalence
Index test
Reference test
Number of patients
Drop-out rate
Rater
Rater training
Interobserver reliability
Outcome measure
Correlation
Study quality
Comments
Meaden et al
2000
[164]
USA
Design
Cross sectional
and longitudinal
Setting
Participants were recruited
from community through
advertisements in newsletters
and websites in Illinois
Population
n=40 (70% females)
Mean age: 43.5 years
(SD 12.2), range 27–72
Inclusion criteria
Current diagnosis of
bipolar disorder I or II.
At least 18 years old
Exclusion criteria
None
Index test
LCM-p
Reference test
CGI-BP ratings immediately
after telephone ratings of
HDRS, YMRS and GAF at
three occasions a month
apart
Number of patients
Time 1: 35
Time 2: 36
Time 3: 32
29 patients had complete
data on all occation
Drop-out rate
See above
Rater of reference test
One researcher
Training of reference test
Not reported
Interobserver reliability
NA
Outcome measure
Spearman correlations
between severity of mania
with LCM-HIGH and CGImania,
severity of depression
with LCM-LOW and CGI-BPdepression,
and the opposite
subscales
LCM-HIGH vs CGI-mania
Time 1: 0.318
Time 2: 0.383
Time 3: 0.556
LCM-LOW vs CGI-depression
Time 1: 0.430
Time 2: 0.593
Time 3: 0.516
LCM-LOW vs CGI-mania
Time 1: –0.193
Time 2: 0.054
Time 3: 0.144
LCM-HIGH vs CGIdepression
Time 1: –0.072
Time 2: 0.019
Time 3: 0.055
Moderate
Comments
Sampling method
Adequate
Blinding
Yes
Handling of missing data
Excluded from analysis
Other comments
Telephone interview
makes rating of reference
test less reliable.
Rater of reference test
used the structured
interview guide for the
HDRS (SIGH-D), however
the YMRS observable
item had to be
excluded. It is probable
that these ratings influenced
ratings of CGI-BP
BP = Bipolar disorder; CGI = Clinical global impressions scale; CGI-BP = Clinical global
impression for Bipolar disorder; GAF = Global assessment of functioning; HDRS =
Hamilton rating scale for depression; LCM = Life-chart methodology; LCM-p = Life-chart
methodology prospective; n = Number of patients; NA = Not applicable; SD = Standard
deviation; YMRS = Young mania rating scale
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