The Battle of Britain Five Months That Changed History, May—October 1940 by James Holland (z-lib.org).epub

More documents

Recommendations

Info

The author and publisher have provided this e-book to you for yourpersonal use only. You may not make this e-book publicly available in anyway. Copyright infringement is against the law. If you believe the copyof this e-book you are reading infringes on the author’s copyright,please notify the publisher at: us.macmillanusa.com/piracy.
No information found
Page 6: For Bro
Page 9 and 10: Part II Respite22 What Next?23 The
Page 11: Maps and Figures1 German and Allied
Page 22: LUFTWAFFE ORDER OF BATTLE IN THE WE
Page 26 and 27: Introduction‘THE BATTLE OF BRITAI
Page 30 and 31: 1First FlightSUNDAY, 5 MAY 1940, a
Page 32 and 33: feet wide - but even for a man of d
Page 34: Force had meant that he could work
Page 37 and 38: French windows looking out on to a
Page 39 and 40: Hitler might have been sure of its
Page 41 and 42: Despite this, despite the hindrance
Page 43 and 44: Securities and Exchange Committee.
Page 45 and 46: the Labour leader, nor Arthur Green
Page 47 and 48: he believed, if Churchill was PM wh
Page 49 and 50: le Mérite, or, as it was more wide
Page 51: Now, on the evening of 9 May, the b
Page 54 and 55:
newsreels around the world relaying
Page 56 and 57:
Although both Feldmarschall Wilhelm
Page 58 and 59:
settlement that the army Chief had
Page 60 and 61:
helped by a particularly vicious wi
Page 62 and 63:
the elite, crack units the rest of
Page 64 and 65:
General’s three panzer divisions
Page 66:
meet the northern thrust. This part
Page 69 and 70:
chateau that served as General HQ,
Page 71 and 72:
and along the Northwest Frontier, f
Page 73 and 74:
Nonetheless, it wasn’t all bad, a
Page 75 and 76:
by layers of obstacles, was named a
Page 77 and 78:
Indeed, the Germans were providing
Page 79 and 80:
the Netherlands had been invaded an
Page 82 and 83:
5The First Clash in the AirADOLF HI
Page 84 and 85:
and his ideals, he became his new f
Page 86 and 87:
regime, Göring was always able to
Page 88 and 89:
However, because of its greater sha
Page 90 and 91:
At the mess, no-one was quite sure
Page 92 and 93:
full weight of the Luftwaffe was re
Page 94 and 95:
young man, Julius had no particular
Page 96 and 97:
once more. The rest of the pilots,
Page 98 and 99:
all types of aircraft. The commande
Page 101 and 102:
6Breakthrough‘MORNING REPORTS SHO
Page 103 and 104:
‘Hardly had the first boats been
Page 105 and 106:
Reinhardt’s divisions became incr
Page 107 and 108:
He was determined to cross at Sedan
Page 109 and 110:
command car and hurried to Gaulier
Page 111 and 112:
Initially, he panicked, and althoug
Page 113 and 114:
slopes of Hill 301. But Balck had b
Page 116 and 117:
7Inside the Third ReichIT WAS TRUE
Page 118 and 119:
gathered as usually happens when bi
Page 120 and 121:
September there had been a particul
Page 122 and 123:
no longer for sale. Germans - even
Page 124 and 125:
particularly tough PR task trying t
Page 126:
German people which was imposed upo
Page 129 and 130:
charge of defence policy. His right
Page 131 and 132:
who had in turn been talking to a m
Page 133 and 134:
were earmarked for Norway and four
Page 135 and 136:
through, for example - as the forme
Page 137 and 138:
Type 300 and reckoned would have a
Page 139 and 140:
much larger armaments manufacturer,
Page 141:
enemies who would later come back a
Page 144 and 145:
It was no good blubbing, however. A
Page 146 and 147:
Oberleutnant Siegfried Bethke was o
Page 148 and 149:
mass of the French armour fought a
Page 150 and 151:
was not equipped to deal with the u
Page 152 and 153:
offensive. Clearly, if this hinge c
Page 154:
became like a rabbit trapped in hea
Page 157 and 158:
England as well. By 11 May, the Hom
Page 159 and 160:
1,500 acres between Tonbridge and E
Page 161 and 162:
Joint Intelligence Sub-Committee en
Page 163 and 164:
armaments that he envisaged would b
Page 165 and 166:
as a leading interventionist. There
Page 168 and 169:
11Learning the LessonsOBERLEUTNANT
Page 170 and 171:
through ninety degrees, the fighter
Page 172 and 173:
In 1940, the best pilots also neede
Page 174 and 175:
Günther recognized them immediatel
Page 176 and 177:
Feldmarschall Hermann Göring had l
Page 178 and 179:
had known each other for some time;
Page 180 and 181:
crashed his aircraft and was killed
Page 182 and 183:
support of the ground forces, rathe
Page 185 and 186:
12What to Do for the BestCERTAINLY
Page 187 and 188:
Farben Werke at Dormagen hit only a
Page 189 and 190:
done what the CO had asked of them
Page 191 and 192:
pilot, who not only taught him a gr
Page 193 and 194:
Luftwaffe at that time. He was sudd
Page 195 and 196:
Thus, in an abrupt change of heart,
Page 198 and 199:
13New AppointmentsMAJOR-GENERAL HEN
Page 200 and 201:
river with barely a shot fired. Hal
Page 202 and 203:
bolstering the position in France,
Page 204 and 205:
widespread break in morale. As Jose
Page 206 and 207:
accept the job, which was officiall
Page 209 and 210:
14DecisionsTHE MIRACLE HAD HAPPENED
Page 211 and 212:
Despite their assurances, however,
Page 213 and 214:
being surrounded before it could fa
Page 215 and 216:
England. Beforehand, the Führer ha
Page 217 and 218:
such distances, they had given them
Page 219 and 220:
As at the Meuse, getting safely acr
Page 221 and 222:
were the Allied troops there going
Page 223:
battalions from 50th Division had b
Page 226 and 227:
camouflaged enemy trucks. Then spot
Page 228 and 229:
one of the Messerschmitts, Tony clo
Page 230 and 231:
his parents on 15 May, ‘however,
Page 232 and 233:
Even so, neither the news emerging
Page 234 and 235:
Plan and turning the blame on to Go
Page 237 and 238:
16CrisisTHE AMERICAN JOURNALIST Wil
Page 239 and 240:
corridor in which the BEF and Frenc
Page 241 and 242:
General Jodl, OKW Chief of Staff, t
Page 243 and 244:
circumstances - after all, where co
Page 245 and 246:
them they were about to throw in th
Page 247 and 248:
By now, the argument between Church
Page 250 and 251:
17Black MondayMEANWHILE, IN BERLIN
Page 252 and 253:
badly hit that it was felt, for the
Page 254 and 255:
aircraft since the campaign had beg
Page 256 and 257:
formed up and was at around 12,000
Page 258 and 259:
fell from 9,000 feet. Afterwards, h
Page 260 and 261:
What Chamberlain was saying, Church
Page 262:
that day. The threat remained, howe
Page 265 and 266:
followed a lead, they arrived to di
Page 267 and 268:
Blanchard still felt the situation
Page 269 and 270:
Back in Britain, there was, as plan
Page 271 and 272:
yards out into the sea. The western
Page 273 and 274:
countermanded. ‘And we dashed off
Page 275:
needed to prepare themselves for th
Page 278 and 279:
more abandoned vehicles.’ These w
Page 281 and 282:
By mid-morning the trucks were load
Page 283 and 284:
recovered and applied to join the R
Page 285 and 286:
few engagements, to discover a sudd
Page 287 and 288:
Andrew. ‘There was continuous bom
Page 289:
The last line of defence south of D
Page 292 and 293:
mainly conversational) loose ends l
Page 294 and 295:
The King was right: the evacuation
Page 296:
over. A gable of the building was h
Page 299 and 300:
Commanding, Lieutenant-Colonel Alle
Page 302 and 303:
Stan managed to find himself alloca
Page 305 and 306:
21Dunkirk: The EndLORD GORT WAS NOW
Page 307 and 308:
other planes, but swirling spectral
Page 309 and 310:
and noticed the enemy fighters were
Page 311 and 312:
that moment that the Blenheims arri
Page 313 and 314:
French, a long dark column of weary
Page 315 and 316:
tank that began firing towards them
Page 317:
evacuation. No-one was quite sure h
Page 321 and 322:
fighting over France had only been
Page 323 and 324:
of Europe and many old and famous S
Page 325 and 326:
Despite these arguments and the opp
Page 327 and 328:
both he and the rest of the French
Page 329:
effort it was not until late aftern
Page 332 and 333:
calm, but the haze meant visibility
Page 334 and 335:
survive. To achieve that, he had be
Page 336 and 337:
muttered, ‘won’t have to go as
Page 338 and 339:
The second part of Case Red, the at
Page 340 and 341:
will go on fighting,’ he jotted,
Page 342:
Churchill at this hour of need, ‘
Page 345 and 346:
quickly,’ wrote Christa Schroeder
Page 347 and 348:
peace treaty without having to go t
Page 349 and 350:
granted a strip of land between the
Page 351 and 352:
years. The army, too, was to expand
Page 353 and 354:
earliest available opportunity. Ano
Page 355:
autobahns. ‘Führer has again emp
Page 358 and 359:
bath and slept better than she imag
Page 360 and 361:
and defiance - the spirit - that Da
Page 362 and 363:
he was told he was going back. Asid
Page 364 and 365:
Britain’s history he had a duty t
Page 366 and 367:
and German troops they now had no a
Page 369 and 370:
26Getting ReadyAS ONE OF THE PRIME
Page 371 and 372:
Finally, there was category 6, appl
Page 373 and 374:
of his plans over which he had worr
Page 375 and 376:
fields. Billy Drake was also back i
Page 377 and 378:
Ministry authorized the establishme
Page 379:
crackling sound. What they were hea
Page 382 and 383:
Trouble at Sea: Part 1‘TOMORROW A
Page 384 and 385:
In this he was correct, but already
Page 386 and 387:
Scharnhorst, and the giant battlesh
Page 388 and 389:
Hitler scrapped the Z Plan and orde
Page 390 and 391:
Although he had demonstrated his pr
Page 392:
but in fact the majority of the shi
Page 395 and 396:
The assault on the west had been a
Page 397 and 398:
was to let Britain stew, and then m
Page 399 and 400:
although many never claimed their h
Page 401 and 402:
GPO also created a separate network
Page 403 and 404:
With all the different links in the
Page 406 and 407:
29
Page 408 and 409:
remarked to the Second Officer, ‘
Page 410 and 411:
seaman had taken over from him so h
Page 412 and 413:
While Foylebank had been heroically
Page 414 and 415:
there suddenly silhouetted against
Page 416:
However, from the British perspecti
Page 419 and 420:
frequently scanning his instrument
Page 421 and 422:
conversation here.’ He had just r
Page 423 and 424:
‘well-developed defence forces of
Page 425 and 426:
now re-designated I/JG 52 - was inv
Page 427 and 428:
It was not until 12 June that RV go
Page 429:
him to ask him some points of detai
Page 433 and 434:
fighter range. This was a somewhat
Page 435 and 436:
warnings, these two flew steadily o
Page 437 and 438:
three had signalled his position, b
Page 439 and 440:
numerical superiority. Even so, onl
Page 441 and 442:
Yet although it was principally 10
Page 443 and 444:
aircraft was struggling out over th
Page 446 and 447:
32Peace OfferingsAFTER HITLER’S T
Page 448 and 449:
crossing’. Separate raids on the
Page 450 and 451:
Blue), on which he had drawn on his
Page 452 and 453:
and the Luftwaffe General Staff, it
Page 454 and 455:
war.’ Despite the usual euphoric
Page 457 and 458:
33The BesiegedCECIL BEATON HAD LEFT
Page 459 and 460:
Nicolson, ‘that our anti-rumour c
Page 461 and 462:
and the army. It looked good to him
Page 463 and 464:
Churchill, however, was the army’
Page 465 and 466:
on the point of collapse. That was
Page 467:
and his ministers realized. Britain
Page 470 and 471:
standing up, another sitting, and t
Page 472 and 473:
Staffel commander, Herbert Fermer,
Page 474 and 475:
take his theoretical work seriously
Page 476 and 477:
Meanwhile, both 54 and 64 Squadrons
Page 478 and 479:
was accepted that Dover should no l
Page 480:
although largely because Fighter Co
Page 483 and 484:
resources. In any case, it was the
Page 485 and 486:
‘Getting bombs onto the target wa
Page 487 and 488:
on which William Shirer was one of
Page 489 and 490:
was another bang of flak. Darting b
Page 491 and 492:
other hand, he had to consider the
Page 495 and 496:
36The Wall of EnglandTHE NEWLY PROM
Page 497 and 498:
All this Raeder repeated at the Fü
Page 499 and 500:
at different heights, and many floa
Page 501 and 502:
cutters, which would then sever the
Page 503 and 504:
been held there over the ensuing da
Page 505 and 506:
August Dowding had fifty-eight squa
Page 507 and 508:
Now, at a little before 11 a.m., Fr
Page 510 and 511:
37AdlertagWHEN ULRICH STEINHILPER t
Page 512 and 513:
Around 8 a.m., Walter was leading h
Page 514 and 515:
destroy than had originally been ex
Page 516 and 517:
The unexpected cloud had not preven
Page 518 and 519:
about this,’ he noted, ‘though
Page 520:
Back at Dinard, the grim truth was
Page 523 and 524:
intrigues was not to his taste. One
Page 525 and 526:
told him on reading the terms about
Page 527 and 528:
noted Jan, ‘when all of us had al
Page 529 and 530:
Although Luftwaffe claims remained
Page 531 and 532:
officer, said, ‘Ah, Herr Oberst,
Page 533 and 534:
and threes, the pilots heard the co
Page 535 and 536:
crossing the sky, sometimes an airc
Page 537 and 538:
Walter and his men were now in deep
Page 540 and 541:
39The Hardest DayON 14 AUGUST, Gene
Page 542 and 543:
great deal very quickly and it was
Page 544 and 545:
raiders had attempted to hit Odiham
Page 546 and 547:
‘There they are!’ exclaimed Moy
Page 548 and 549:
Stumbling backwards he was struck b
Page 550 and 551:
gushed through the gap and suddenly
Page 553 and 554:
40Bombs on BerlinHILDA MÜLLER MIGH
Page 555 and 556:
Udet had become fixated with the id
Page 557 and 558:
had been a major disaster. As of no
Page 559 and 560:
disposal to the defeat of the enemy
Page 561 and 562:
at the limits of their range, strug
Page 564 and 565:
41Tactics and TechnicalitiesWHILE T
Page 566 and 567:
in his chest, but as he had pushed
Page 568 and 569:
109 could out-dive the British figh
Page 570 and 571:
although its roots were much narrow
Page 572 and 573:
worry about bullet convergence - a
Page 574 and 575:
his staff viewed the Zerstörers me
Page 576:
but it was certainly a proportion.
Page 579 and 580:
200, or Condor, as it was known - w
Page 581 and 582:
land - gliding distance from the co
Page 583 and 584:
Helmut Wick. The next day, during a
Page 585 and 586:
formations, some simply to patrol t
Page 587 and 588:
August were beginning to be keenly
Page 589 and 590:
posted to Mordyck and he and the tw
Page 592 and 593:
43Black SaturdayON 28 AUGUST, Colon
Page 594 and 595:
regardless of the detrimental effec
Page 596 and 597:
prospects looked grim, but welcomed
Page 598 and 599:
The day before, Reichsmarschall Her
Page 600 and 601:
surge towards him. Now he was firin
Page 602 and 603:
before they began dropping their bo
Page 604 and 605:
down. Totally spent. Since breakfas
Page 606:
Raymond Lee had gone out to dinner
Page 609 and 610:
aircraft line. ‘We made up a barr
Page 611 and 612:
told they just ‘volunteered’ to
Page 613 and 614:
‘We touch down,’ he wrote, ‘t
Page 615 and 616:
items including a spare parachute,
Page 617 and 618:
wartime is something that cannot be
Page 619 and 620:
foot when the telephone went.’ Be
Page 621:
there was the loss of your colleagu
Page 624 and 625:
he noted, ‘that, until the sirens
Page 626 and 627:
‘That’s where you are wrong,’
Page 628 and 629:
aircraft. Every night they were the
Page 630 and 631:
however, poor weather once again pr
Page 632 and 633:
Park had sensed something was up; t
Page 634 and 635:
Hurricane, even with the aileron no
Page 636 and 637:
with an odd weaving walk. Jan thoug
Page 638:
turning - or ‘windmilling’ - be
Page 641 and 642:
intercept service we know that thei
Page 643 and 644:
and see more clearly. Furthermore,
Page 645 and 646:
At 3.16 a.m. on the morning of 21 S
Page 647 and 648:
particularly successful trip to att
Page 649 and 650:
The prospects do not look good for
Page 651 and 652:
It took them ten minutes of intense
Page 653:
erred with his navigation, crossing
Page 656 and 657:
various Americans to get more pictu
Page 658 and 659:
Kanalkrankheit - the combat fatigue
Page 660 and 661:
Peter Stahl was flying over London
Page 662 and 663:
This did not make his position impr
Page 664 and 665:
Leigh-Mallory had the support of Sh
Page 667 and 668:
48Last FlightON THE LAST SUNDAY in
Page 669 and 670:
A pattern had emerged in this lates
Page 671 and 672:
have to jump. Having sent a last me
Page 674 and 675:
PostscriptLATER ON THE AFTERNOON of
Page 676 and 677:
Douglas and with Leigh-Mallory brea
Page 678 and 679:
watching the giant raids over south
Page 680 and 681:
line, but there were many thousands
Page 682 and 683:
the Mediterranean and served in Nor
Page 684 and 685:
eventually returned to Germany and
Page 686:
others, has gained an iconic revere
Page 690 and 691:
AcknowledgementsThis book has been
Page 692 and 693:
steered me in the right direction o
Page 695 and 696:
SourcesPersonal testimoniesAuthor I
Page 697 and 698:
Maier, Klaus A., et al., Germany an
Page 699 and 700:
Bullitt, Orville H. (ed.), For the
Page 701 and 702:
Gilbert, Martin, Finest Hour: Winst
Page 703 and 704:
Lee, Asher, Goering: Air Leader (Du
Page 705 and 706:
Self, Robert, Neville Chamberlain (
Page 707 and 708:
—, Pilot’s Notes Spitfire IIA a
Page 709 and 710:
Caldwell, Donald, The JG 26 War Dia
Page 711 and 712:
Engel, Major Gerhard, At the Heart
Page 713 and 714:
Hooton, E.R., Eagle in Flames: The
Page 715 and 716:
Ministry of Information, British Co
Page 717 and 718:
Raymond, Squadron Leader R., and Sq
Page 719 and 720:
Tangye, Squadron Leader Nigel, Teac
Page 721 and 722:
Caddick-Adams, Peter, ‘Anglo-Fren
Page 724 and 725:
NotesAbbreviationsAFRHA Air Force R
Page 726 and 727:
ReferencesIntroduction‘The Battle
Page 728 and 729:
‘Held up by artillery fire…a jo
Page 730 and 731:
‘A paradox ball…’ The Times,
Page 732 and 733:
15. Fighter Command Enters the Fray
Page 734 and 735:
‘Von Luck you will…’ Luck, Pa
Page 736 and 737:
‘At my command…was in Paris’
Page 738 and 739:
28. Bringing It All Together‘Can
Page 740 and 741:
‘Still, whatever does come…’
Page 742 and 743:
‘Achtung, Achtung…’ TNA AIR 4
Page 744 and 745:
‘Up to date…’ Cited in James,
Page 746 and 747:
‘Hello, Gannic…chaps’ Bartley
Page 749:
GlossaryAbwehr Wehrmacht Counter-In
Page 752 and 753:
74 Squadron Spitfiresattack KG 2at
Page 754 and 755:
Abbeville, Panzer Corps Guderian re
Page 756 and 757:
Attlee, ClementAustralia, declares
Page 758 and 759:
on aircraft shortageon Dunkirk from
Page 760 and 761:
and invasion planson lost timeBray
Page 762 and 763:
German attacks onGerman consolidati
Page 764 and 765:
speeches broadcasts to nationeffect
Page 766 and 767:
and Stukaon Portland attackshoots d
Page 768 and 769:
and Beaverbrookand BEF fighter supp
Page 770 and 771:
Eden, Anthony, Minister for Warand
Page 772 and 773:
lossespilot lossespilots to avoid s
Page 774 and 775:
and Sedanconditioncommand issuescom
Page 776 and 777:
see also panzer divisionsGermanyeco
Page 778 and 779:
at Sedancrosses Meuseinsists on adv
Page 780 and 781:
on minelayingHigh Frequency Directi
Page 782 and 783:
strength after Dunkirk lossesIdenti
Page 784 and 785:
Udet andKanalkranheitKeitel, Feldma
Page 786 and 787:
LDV, John Wilson andLe Havre, IX Co
Page 788 and 789:
signal organizationstructuresee als
Page 790 and 791:
McIntosh, Plt OffMechelen incidentM
Page 792 and 793:
on Me 109ENelson, Horatio, on want
Page 794 and 795:
westward dash1st Panzer Divisionat
Page 796 and 797:
on LDVon Mussolinion parachutistswa
Page 798 and 799:
Raake, Majorradar, Admiralty coasta
Page 800 and 801:
Churchill seeks help fromdestroyers
Page 802 and 803:
‘Seetakt’ German radar systemSe
Page 804 and 805:
Steinhilper, Leutnant Ulrichand com
Page 806 and 807:
U-47and convoy HX72sinks HMS Royal
Page 808 and 809:
Wendel, ElseWerner Advance Detachme
Page 811 and 812:
The Battle of Britain.Copyright ©2
show all

The Battle of Britain Five Months That Changed History, May—October 1940 by James Holland (z-lib.org).epub

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?