Stars as Laboratories for Fundamental Physics - MPP Theory Group

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650 Subject Index binary pulsar → PSR 1913+16 birefringence neutrino flavor 195, 281 photon in media 180f, 194f, 208 vacuum 183–5, 187f, 190f, 554 Bloch state 155 blue loop 32, 39–41 bolometric correction 62 bolometric magnitude: definition 28 Boltzmann’s constant 580 Boltzmann collision equation (for mixed neutrinos) 323–31 BOREXINO 343, 371, 393f bounce and shock 399, 401–5 bound-free transition 100f branching ratio 449 Brans-Dicke theory 548 bremsstrahlung classical limit 143–47 electronic 101-9 nucleonic axial-vector vs. vector 127, 142 bubble phase 159 meson condensate 155–57 neutrino pairs 127–30 pseudoscalars 119–26, 143–45, 148f suppression at high density 148f quark matter 157f brown dwarfs 9, 24 bubble phase 159 bump on RGB 61, 64f C Cabbibo mixing 261, 285 Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix 262 carbon-burning stars 2 cavity axion experiment 177f, 191f, 544 Cepheids 40f Chandrasekhar limit 9, 25, 37, 42, 396 charged current collision term (in neutrino oscillations) 331 coupling constants 583 Hamiltonian 329, 583 reactions 1, 58f, 152–54 charge quantization 564–67 chemical potential 593–96, 600f Cherenkov effect 194, 216, 238f detectors → IMB, Kamiokande, Superkamiokande chirality 160, 253 chiral symmetry 166, 529 chlorine detector (solar neutrinos) 342f, 357–62, 371 CHORUS experiment 289f CKM matrix 262 clump giants 76, 80 CM energy 92 CNO cycle 346f COBE satellite 191 coherent neutrino scattering 396, 446 collision equation for mixed neutrinos 323–31 color-magnitude diagram evolutionary track 31 globular cluster M3 27 globular-cluster observables 61 populations of stars 41 zero-age main sequence 26 Compton process 20f, 91–98, 108 conduction 11, 22, 78 convection description 12f helium dredge-up 66, 77 mixing length 12, 16, 351, 549f RGB bump 13, 61, 64f superadiabatic 12 supernova 402–5, 444 core red giant → red giant core mass supernova → supernova core correlations: Coulomb plasma 222–25 cosmic background fluxes γ-rays 487 microwaves 191, 488, 546, 562 neutrinos core-collapse SNe 447, 487f hydrogen-burning stars 487 primordial → neutrinos: cosmic background photons 489f cosmic strings 191, 542–44 cosmic structure formation 258f cosmion xvi Cotton-Mouton effect 180, 183
Subject Index 651 Coulomb gauge 204 Coulomb propagator in plasma 221f, 226 CP symmetry 241, 246, 262, 271, 453, 524–26 Crab Nebula 38, 56f critical field strength 581 crossing relation 323 current algebra 167, 535 D δ Cepheids 40f δ Scuti stars 41 damping → neutrino oscillations: damping by collisions DA Variables 53 dark matter xv–xvi, xviii, 22, 24, 177f, 258f, 528, 542–44, 558 decoherence 311, 313f degeneracy parameter 124, 595f, 603 delayed explosion mechanism 399, 402–5, 426, 436f, 522 Delbrück scattering 183 deleptonization burst → prompt neutrino burst deleptonization: supernova core 339, 398, 401, 408 density matrix (neutrino flavor) collision equation 319, 323–31 definition 284, 315–16 derivative coupling 119, 531f, 536, 563 detailed balance 129, 137, 146 DFSZ axions 535–40 dielectric permittivity 173, 208f diffusion elements → gravitational settling neutrinos → neutrino opacity dipole moment → neutrino dipole moments neutron electric 524–26 other particles 525 units 525, 581 Dirac matrices 270 Dirac neutrinos → neutrino mass, neutrinos: right-handed direct explosion mechanism 399, 401f dispersion → neutrino dispersion, photon dispersion general theory 193–202 double beta decay → ββ decay DUMAND xvi, 558 dynamical structure function → structure function E Einstein x-ray satellite 56–58, 189 electron charge 581 electro-Primakoff effect 172f energy conservation in stars 10f energy-loss argument analytic treatment 14–16 applied to HB stars 79–82, 98f, 107–9, 112, 176, 236 neutron stars 59f red giants 83–87, 107–9, 236 red supergiants 2 Sun 16f, 20f, 109f, 175f supernova core 501–23 white dwarfs 47–52 ZZ Ceti stars 52–54 introduction 3–5, 21f numerical treatment 16f, 47–52, 81, 83–87, 108f, 508–11, 513–16 energy-loss rate bremsstrahlung electronic 102–5 nucleonic 121–6, 128–30, 147–49, 156f Compton process 96–98 plasma process 232–36 Primakoff process 169, 174 quark matter 157f URCA processes 153f energy-momentum conservation 121, 200 energy transfer → convection, opacity equation 11–13 particle bounds general argument 4f, 17f Sun 20f SN 1987A 503, 506–11
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Georg G. Raffelt Stars as Laborator
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Table of Contents Preface (xiv) Ack
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Table of Contents vii 4.5 Neutrino
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Table of Contents ix 8. Neutrino Os
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Table of Contents xi 12. Radiative
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Table of Contents xiii 16.3 New Int
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Preface xv Second, particles from d
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Preface xvii search for proton deca
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Preface xix cuts of higher-order gr
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Preface xxi quoted “astrophysical
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Chapter 1 The Energy-Loss Argument
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The Energy-Loss Argument 3 example
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The Energy-Loss Argument 5 trinos,
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The Energy-Loss Argument 7 As a sim
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The Energy-Loss Argument 9 The most
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The Energy-Loss Argument 11 against
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The Energy-Loss Argument 13 ing M;
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The Energy-Loss Argument 15 M ′ (
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The Energy-Loss Argument 17 Table 1
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The Energy-Loss Argument 19 ing to
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The Energy-Loss Argument 21 scalars
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Chapter 2 Anomalous Stellar Energy
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Anomalous Stellar Energy Losses Bou
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Chapter 3 Particles Interacting wit
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Particles Interacting with Electron
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Chapter 4 Processes in a Nuclear Me
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 119 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 121 f
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 123 F
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 129 v
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 131 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 133 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 135 H
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 137 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 143 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 145 s
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 147 E
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 149 a
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 151 T
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 153 r
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 155 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 157 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 159 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 161 A
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 163 R
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Chapter 5 Two-Photon Coupling of Lo
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Two-Photon Coupling of Low-Mass Bos
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Chapter 6 Particle Dispersion and D
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Particle Dispersion and Decays in M
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Chapter 7 Nonstandard Neutrinos The
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 253 (“spont
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 255 kinematic
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 257 95% CL ma
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 259 Fig. 7.2.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 261 In three-
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 263 Flavor mi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 267 The quant
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 269 dipole mo
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 271 component
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 275 moments.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 277 7.5.2 Spi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 279 where m
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Neutrino Oscillations 281 and hence
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Neutrino Oscillations 283 As usual
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Neutrino Oscillations 285 two-flavo
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Neutrino Oscillations 287 Fig. 8.2.
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Neutrino Oscillations 289 8.2.4 Exp
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Neutrino Oscillations 293 Apparentl
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Neutrino Oscillations 297 when the
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Neutrino Oscillations 299 If the ne
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Neutrino Oscillations 301 8.3.5 The
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Neutrino Oscillations 303 It is als
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Neutrino Oscillations 305 system, h
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Neutrino Oscillations 307 say, betw
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Neutrino Oscillations 309 1991). Th
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Oscillations of Trapped Neutrinos 3
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Chapter 10 Solar Neutrinos The curr
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Solar Neutrinos 343 Fig. 10.1. Sola
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Solar Neutrinos 345 There exist vas
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Solar Neutrinos 347 10.2 Calculated
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Solar Neutrinos 349 Fig. 10.3. Norm
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Solar Neutrinos 351 a certain range
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Solar Neutrinos 353 While helium an
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Solar Neutrinos 355 Bahcall and Pin
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Solar Neutrinos 357 Xu et al. (1994
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Solar Neutrinos 359 Table 10.4. Spe
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Solar Neutrinos 361 Table 10.5. Pre
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Solar Neutrinos 363 rates attribute
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Solar Neutrinos 365 10.3.4 Water Ch
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Solar Neutrinos 367 Fig. 10.10. Dif
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Solar Neutrinos 369 Fig. 10.13. Mea
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Solar Neutrinos 371 Table 10.9. Cur
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Solar Neutrinos 373 of order the an
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Solar Neutrinos 375 Fig. 10.16. 37
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Solar Neutrinos 377 GALLEX, or Home
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Solar Neutrinos 379 Table 10.10. Me
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Solar Neutrinos 381 deficits in all
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Solar Neutrinos 383 The ν e surviv
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Solar Neutrinos 385 The allowed ran
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Solar Neutrinos 387 10.7 Spin and S
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Solar Neutrinos 389 10.8 Neutrino D
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Solar Neutrinos 391 The small- and
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Solar Neutrinos 393 flux above its
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Chapter 11 Supernova Neutrinos The
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Supernova Neutrinos 397 Fig. 11.1.
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Supernova Neutrinos 399 beyond the
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Supernova Neutrinos 401 ate neutrin
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Supernova Neutrinos 403 Convection
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Supernova Neutrinos 405 Hayes, and
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Supernova Neutrinos 407 11.2 Predic
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Supernova Neutrinos 409 must then b
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Supernova Neutrinos 411 Figure 11.6
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Supernova Neutrinos 413 signal (Sec
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Supernova Neutrinos 415 time) on 23
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Supernova Neutrinos 417 All of the
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Supernova Neutrinos 419 to multiple
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Supernova Neutrinos 421 the final-s
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Supernova Neutrinos 423 ter of 53 e
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Supernova Neutrinos 425 Given these
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Supernova Neutrinos 427 thorough st
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Supernova Neutrinos 429 The forward
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Supernova Neutrinos 431 Another int
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Supernova Neutrinos 433 ber of ν e
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Supernova Neutrinos 435 A “normal
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Supernova Neutrinos 437 Fig. 11.19.
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Supernova Neutrinos 439 The approxi
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Supernova Neutrinos 441 be taken to
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Supernova Neutrinos 443 sense that
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Supernova Neutrinos 445 presence of
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Supernova Neutrinos 447 An even mor
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Chapter 12 Radiative Particle Decay
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Radiative Particle Decays 451 one c
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Radiative Particle Decays 453 corre
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Radiative Particle Decays 455 is no
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Radiative Particle Decays 457 Fig.
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Radiative Particle Decays 461 12.3.
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Radiative Particle Decays 463 emiss
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Radiative Particle Decays 465 range
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Radiative Particle Decays 469 weak
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Radiative Particle Decays 471 value
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Radiative Particle Decays 473 ignor
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Radiative Particle Decays 479 Table
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Radiative Particle Decays 481 In or
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Radiative Particle Decays 485 while
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Radiative Particle Decays 487 h 100
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Radiative Particle Decays 491 still
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Chapter 13 What Have We Learned fro
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What Have We Learned from SN 1987A
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Axions 525 Table 14.1. Particle mag
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Axions 527 or axion decay constant.
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Axions 529 The Yukawa coupling h is
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Axions 531 14.2.3 Pseudoscalar vs.
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Axions 533 Notably, the Higgs field
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Axions 535 otic heavy quarks: only
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Axions 537 Various axion models dif
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Axions 539 Bounds on the Yukawa cou
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Axions 541 Fig. 14.5. Astrophysical
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Axions 543 decay into axions. This
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Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Exotica St
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Miscellaneous Exotica 547 Table 15.
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Miscellaneous Exotica 549 15.2.3 Pr
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Miscellaneous Exotica 551 Most rece
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Miscellaneous Exotica 553 Fig. 15.1
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Miscellaneous Exotica 555 A violati
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Miscellaneous Exotica 557 nuclei it
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Miscellaneous Exotica 559 mass, and
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Miscellaneous Exotica 561 backgroun
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Miscellaneous Exotica 563 SN 1987A
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Miscellaneous Exotica 565 which led
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Miscellaneous Exotica 567 For a nar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 569 the
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 571 Neut
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 573 Apar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 575 is d
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 577 of t
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 579 siti
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Units and Dimensions 581 In the ast
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Appendix B Neutrino Coupling Consta
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Appendix C Numerical Neutrino Energ
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Appendix D Characteristics of Stell
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Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
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Page 619 and 620: Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
Page 627 and 628: References 607 Akhmedov, E. Kh., an
Page 629 and 630: References 609 Bahcall, J. N., Kras
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Page 633 and 634: References 613 Cannon, R. D. 1970,
Page 635 and 636: References 615 Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.
Page 637 and 638: References 617 Dodelson, S., Friema
Page 639 and 640: References 619 Fukuda, Y., et al. 1
Page 641 and 642: References 621 Goyal, A., Dutta, S.
Page 643 and 644: References 623 Hoogeveen, F., and S
Page 645 and 646: References 625 Kawakami, H., et al.
Page 647 and 648: References 627 Landau, L. D., and P
Page 649 and 650: References 629 Mayle, R. W., and Wi
Page 651 and 652: References 631 Nieves, J. F., and P
Page 653 and 654: References 633 Pochoda, P., and Sch
Page 655 and 656: References 635 Ross, J. E., and All
Page 657 and 658: References 637 Shlyakhter, A. I. 19
Page 659 and 660: References 639 Totsuka, Y. 1993, Ne
Page 661 and 662: References 641 Wiezorek, C., et al.
Page 663 and 664: Acronyms 643 L l.h. l.h.s. ly LMC L
Page 665 and 666: Symbols 645 dp differential in phas
Page 667 and 668: Symbols 647 X j Peccei-Quinn charge
Page 669: Subject Index A α-Ori 189 A665, A1
Page 673 and 674: Subject Index 653 H Hayashi line 32
Page 675 and 676: Subject Index 655 multiple scatteri
Page 677 and 678: Subject Index 657 neutrino radiativ
Page 679 and 680: Subject Index 659 Primakoff process
Page 681 and 682: Subject Index 661 SN 1987A bounds (
Page 683 and 684: Subject Index 663 supernova core bi
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