Stars as Laboratories for Fundamental Physics - MPP Theory Group

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660 Subject Index refractive index → photon dispersion, neutrino dispersion definition 194 forward scattering 196–98 neutrino 242, 244 relativistic limiting velocity 497f renormalization: wave function 200, 217–19, 228, 233 repulsion of energy levels 296 resonant oscillations → neutrino oscillations axion-photon 181, 186 RGB (red-giant branch) brightest star 63f, 68–72 bump 61, 64f location in color-magnitude diagram 27, 41 phase transition 37 right-handed currents 268, 519–20 neutrinos → neutrinos: right-handed Ring Nebula in Lyra 36 R-method 65, 70, 72, 74–78 ROSAT 56–58 Rosseland average 11, 18f r-process nucleosynthesis 405–6, 437–42 RR Lyrae stars absolute brightness 62, 65, 69f, 73f ages of globular clusters 62 color 62 location in color-magnitude diagram 40f mass-to-light ratio 77 Rubakov-Callan effect xv Rydberg atom 178 S S 17 factor 355–57, 377f, 386 SAGE 343f, 357–59, 362f, 371 Sanduleak −69 202 → 39, 414 scalar field → scalar particles, Higgs field around a neutron star 113 scalar particles bounds on coupling electrons 82, 99, 107 nucleons 82, 113 scalar particles (cont’d) emission from binary pulsar 113 emission processes bremsstrahlung 103, 124f Compton 93, 98 long-range force 112f, 500 photon coupling 166 Sciama’s neutrino 491f screening effects background neutrinos 114f Debye-Hückel scale 220f, 596f, 599 general theory 219–26 in processes bremsstrahlung 102–6 Primakoff 169 spin-flip scattering 277f ion contribution 220f, 596f, 599 modification of Coulomb propagator 221f, 226 Thomas-Fermi scale 221 secret neutrino interactions 558f, 563 see-saw mechanism 254 self-energy 201, 209 Shapiro time delay 498, 554 shining light through walls 182 shock wave 397, 399–405 Small Magellanic Cloud 446, 556 SMM satellite 465f SN → supernova SN 1987A neutrino pulse analysis 423–26 anomalies 427–30 measurements 419–23 optical lightcurve 414f progenitor 39, 414 SN 1987A bounds antimatter supernova 497 arion-photon conversion 189 axions direct detection 495 neutrino signal duration 501–4, 508–12 fundamental length scale 500 Lorentz addition of velocities 500f neutrino charge 499, 522f decay 494, 496, 519 mass 426f, 499
Subject Index 661 SN 1987A bounds (cont’d) neutrino (cont’d) neutrino-neutrino cross section 494f number of families 513 secret interactions 494f neutrino oscillations cooling phase 434–36 prompt burst 432–34 pseudoscalar boson couplings 501–4, 508–12 radiative particle decays 467f, 474f, 477–79, 483 relativistic limiting velocity 497f right-handed currents 519–20 right-handed neutrinos charge radius 523 dipole moment 521f Dirac mass 516–19 mixing with sequential neutrinos 338–40 secret neutrino interactions 563 supersymmetric particles 558 weak equivalence principle 498 SNBO 448 SNO 343, 371, 392f SNu (supernova unit) 488 SNU (solar neutrino unit) 358 solar axions 100, 181f, 191f solar maximum mission satellite 465f solar neutrino flux antineutrino component from majoron decay 389 from spin-flavor oscillations 388 limits from Kamiokande 369 counting rate prediction for detection Cherenkov 370 chlorine 359, 361 gallium 359, 364 future experiments 390–4 measurements Cherenkov 368–70 chlorine 360–62 gallium 362–64 modified by electrically charged neutrinos 565 gravitational settling 14, 352, 354 opacities 353–55 neutrino decay 389 neutrino-neutrino scattering 495 solar neutrino flux (cont’d) modified by (cont’d) resonant oscillations 301–3, 384–86, 434f temperature 354 WIMP energy transfer xvi strange quark matter 557 Q-nuclear burning 557 time-varying G N 549–51 vacuum oscillations 381–84 radiative decay limits 458–62 source reactions beryllium 343, 347–50, 355, 378f boron 343, 347–49, 355–57, 368–70, 377f, 383 CNO 343, 347–49 electron capture vs. decay 350 hep 347–49 pep 347, 350 pp 343, 347–49 time variation day-night 372, 385f, 390f semiannual 372f, 382f solar cycle 373–76, 387f solar neutrino problem introduction and historical overview 341–45, 380f flux deficits beryllium 378f beryllium/boron branching ratio 379f boron 377f flux variation at Homestake 373–77 MSW solution 384–86 vacuum solution 381–84 VVO solution (magnetic oscillations) 387f Sommerfeld parameter 355 space-like excitations 194, 198f, 207, 216, 215f, 238f spectral density 173f speed of light 497f spin-flavor oscillations → neutrino spin precession spin flip 160–64, 277f, 304–9, 317, 516–23 spin-fluctuation rate 118, 121-23, 127, 133, 144f spin relaxation 313
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Georg G. Raffelt Stars as Laborator
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Table of Contents Preface (xiv) Ack
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Table of Contents vii 4.5 Neutrino
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Table of Contents ix 8. Neutrino Os
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Table of Contents xi 12. Radiative
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Table of Contents xiii 16.3 New Int
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Preface xv Second, particles from d
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Preface xvii search for proton deca
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Preface xix cuts of higher-order gr
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Preface xxi quoted “astrophysical
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Chapter 1 The Energy-Loss Argument
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The Energy-Loss Argument 3 example
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The Energy-Loss Argument 5 trinos,
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The Energy-Loss Argument 7 As a sim
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The Energy-Loss Argument 9 The most
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The Energy-Loss Argument 11 against
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The Energy-Loss Argument 13 ing M;
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The Energy-Loss Argument 15 M ′ (
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The Energy-Loss Argument 17 Table 1
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The Energy-Loss Argument 19 ing to
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The Energy-Loss Argument 21 scalars
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Chapter 2 Anomalous Stellar Energy
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Anomalous Stellar Energy Losses Bou
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Chapter 3 Particles Interacting wit
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Particles Interacting with Electron
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Chapter 4 Processes in a Nuclear Me
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 119 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 121 f
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 123 F
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 129 v
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 131 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 133 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 135 H
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 137 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 143 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 145 s
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 147 E
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 149 a
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 151 T
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 153 r
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 155 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 157 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 159 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 161 A
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 163 R
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Chapter 5 Two-Photon Coupling of Lo
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Two-Photon Coupling of Low-Mass Bos
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Chapter 6 Particle Dispersion and D
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Particle Dispersion and Decays in M
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Chapter 7 Nonstandard Neutrinos The
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 253 (“spont
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 255 kinematic
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 257 95% CL ma
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 259 Fig. 7.2.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 261 In three-
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 263 Flavor mi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 267 The quant
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 269 dipole mo
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 271 component
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 275 moments.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 277 7.5.2 Spi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 279 where m
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Neutrino Oscillations 281 and hence
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Neutrino Oscillations 283 As usual
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Neutrino Oscillations 285 two-flavo
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Neutrino Oscillations 287 Fig. 8.2.
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Neutrino Oscillations 289 8.2.4 Exp
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Neutrino Oscillations 293 Apparentl
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Neutrino Oscillations 297 when the
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Neutrino Oscillations 299 If the ne
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Neutrino Oscillations 301 8.3.5 The
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Neutrino Oscillations 303 It is als
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Neutrino Oscillations 305 system, h
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Neutrino Oscillations 307 say, betw
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Neutrino Oscillations 309 1991). Th
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Oscillations of Trapped Neutrinos 3
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Chapter 10 Solar Neutrinos The curr
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Solar Neutrinos 343 Fig. 10.1. Sola
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Solar Neutrinos 345 There exist vas
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Solar Neutrinos 347 10.2 Calculated
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Solar Neutrinos 349 Fig. 10.3. Norm
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Solar Neutrinos 351 a certain range
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Solar Neutrinos 353 While helium an
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Solar Neutrinos 355 Bahcall and Pin
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Solar Neutrinos 357 Xu et al. (1994
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Solar Neutrinos 359 Table 10.4. Spe
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Solar Neutrinos 361 Table 10.5. Pre
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Solar Neutrinos 363 rates attribute
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Solar Neutrinos 365 10.3.4 Water Ch
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Solar Neutrinos 367 Fig. 10.10. Dif
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Solar Neutrinos 369 Fig. 10.13. Mea
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Solar Neutrinos 371 Table 10.9. Cur
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Solar Neutrinos 373 of order the an
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Solar Neutrinos 375 Fig. 10.16. 37
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Solar Neutrinos 377 GALLEX, or Home
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Solar Neutrinos 379 Table 10.10. Me
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Solar Neutrinos 381 deficits in all
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Solar Neutrinos 383 The ν e surviv
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Solar Neutrinos 385 The allowed ran
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Solar Neutrinos 387 10.7 Spin and S
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Solar Neutrinos 389 10.8 Neutrino D
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Solar Neutrinos 391 The small- and
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Solar Neutrinos 393 flux above its
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Chapter 11 Supernova Neutrinos The
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Supernova Neutrinos 397 Fig. 11.1.
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Supernova Neutrinos 399 beyond the
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Supernova Neutrinos 401 ate neutrin
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Supernova Neutrinos 403 Convection
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Supernova Neutrinos 405 Hayes, and
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Supernova Neutrinos 407 11.2 Predic
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Supernova Neutrinos 409 must then b
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Supernova Neutrinos 411 Figure 11.6
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Supernova Neutrinos 413 signal (Sec
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Supernova Neutrinos 415 time) on 23
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Supernova Neutrinos 417 All of the
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Supernova Neutrinos 419 to multiple
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Supernova Neutrinos 421 the final-s
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Supernova Neutrinos 423 ter of 53 e
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Supernova Neutrinos 425 Given these
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Supernova Neutrinos 427 thorough st
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Supernova Neutrinos 429 The forward
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Supernova Neutrinos 431 Another int
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Supernova Neutrinos 433 ber of ν e
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Supernova Neutrinos 435 A “normal
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Supernova Neutrinos 437 Fig. 11.19.
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Supernova Neutrinos 439 The approxi
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Supernova Neutrinos 441 be taken to
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Supernova Neutrinos 443 sense that
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Supernova Neutrinos 445 presence of
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Supernova Neutrinos 447 An even mor
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Chapter 12 Radiative Particle Decay
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Radiative Particle Decays 451 one c
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Radiative Particle Decays 453 corre
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Radiative Particle Decays 455 is no
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Radiative Particle Decays 457 Fig.
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Radiative Particle Decays 461 12.3.
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Radiative Particle Decays 463 emiss
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Radiative Particle Decays 465 range
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Radiative Particle Decays 469 weak
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Radiative Particle Decays 471 value
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Radiative Particle Decays 473 ignor
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Radiative Particle Decays 479 Table
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Radiative Particle Decays 481 In or
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Radiative Particle Decays 485 while
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Radiative Particle Decays 487 h 100
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Radiative Particle Decays 491 still
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Chapter 13 What Have We Learned fro
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What Have We Learned from SN 1987A
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Axions 525 Table 14.1. Particle mag
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Axions 527 or axion decay constant.
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Axions 529 The Yukawa coupling h is
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Axions 531 14.2.3 Pseudoscalar vs.
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Axions 533 Notably, the Higgs field
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Axions 535 otic heavy quarks: only
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Axions 537 Various axion models dif
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Axions 539 Bounds on the Yukawa cou
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Axions 541 Fig. 14.5. Astrophysical
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Axions 543 decay into axions. This
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Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Exotica St
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Miscellaneous Exotica 547 Table 15.
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Miscellaneous Exotica 549 15.2.3 Pr
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Miscellaneous Exotica 551 Most rece
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Miscellaneous Exotica 553 Fig. 15.1
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Miscellaneous Exotica 555 A violati
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Miscellaneous Exotica 557 nuclei it
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Miscellaneous Exotica 559 mass, and
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Miscellaneous Exotica 561 backgroun
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Miscellaneous Exotica 563 SN 1987A
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Miscellaneous Exotica 565 which led
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Miscellaneous Exotica 567 For a nar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 569 the
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 571 Neut
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 573 Apar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 575 is d
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 577 of t
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 579 siti
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Units and Dimensions 581 In the ast
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Appendix B Neutrino Coupling Consta
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Appendix C Numerical Neutrino Energ
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Appendix D Characteristics of Stell
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Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
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References 607 Akhmedov, E. Kh., an
Page 629 and 630: References 609 Bahcall, J. N., Kras
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Page 633 and 634: References 613 Cannon, R. D. 1970,
Page 635 and 636: References 615 Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.
Page 637 and 638: References 617 Dodelson, S., Friema
Page 639 and 640: References 619 Fukuda, Y., et al. 1
Page 641 and 642: References 621 Goyal, A., Dutta, S.
Page 643 and 644: References 623 Hoogeveen, F., and S
Page 645 and 646: References 625 Kawakami, H., et al.
Page 647 and 648: References 627 Landau, L. D., and P
Page 649 and 650: References 629 Mayle, R. W., and Wi
Page 651 and 652: References 631 Nieves, J. F., and P
Page 653 and 654: References 633 Pochoda, P., and Sch
Page 655 and 656: References 635 Ross, J. E., and All
Page 657 and 658: References 637 Shlyakhter, A. I. 19
Page 659 and 660: References 639 Totsuka, Y. 1993, Ne
Page 661 and 662: References 641 Wiezorek, C., et al.
Page 663 and 664: Acronyms 643 L l.h. l.h.s. ly LMC L
Page 665 and 666: Symbols 645 dp differential in phas
Page 667 and 668: Symbols 647 X j Peccei-Quinn charge
Page 669 and 670: Subject Index A α-Ori 189 A665, A1
Page 671 and 672: Subject Index 651 Coulomb gauge 204
Page 673 and 674: Subject Index 653 H Hayashi line 32
Page 675 and 676: Subject Index 655 multiple scatteri
Page 677 and 678: Subject Index 657 neutrino radiativ
Page 679: Subject Index 659 Primakoff process
Page 683 and 684: Subject Index 663 supernova core bi
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