Stars as Laboratories for Fundamental Physics - MPP Theory Group

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654 Subject Index left-right symmetric model 268 leptonic force 114–16, 500 lepton fraction in nuclear matter 600, 602–5 masses 252, 265 profile in SN core 398 level crossing 295f, 298 linear-response theory 204–6, 208f long-range force → fifth force, scalar particles, photon long-wavelength limit 121, 128f, 141–43 Lorentz addition of velocities 500f gauge 204 Lorentzian model for structure function 135, 144–47 LPM effect 145, 148f M M1 transition 94, 102 M3 (globular cluster) 25, 27 magnetic dipole moment → neutrino dipole moments units 581 magnetic field Earth 556 galactic 188–90, 484, 499 large-scale cosmic 191 Jupiter 556 neutron stars 185–88, 444f primordial 278 Small Magellanic Cloud 556 solar 186, 373–76, 387f, 554, 565 supernova 522 twisting 308f white dwarfs 185f magnetic oscillations → neutrino spin precession magnetic permeability 208f magnetogram 375 main sequence helium 35, 592 internal stellar conditions 592, 599 lifetime 27, 552 location in color-magnitude diagram 27, 41, 61 turnoff 27, 61–63 zero-age 26 Majorana neutrinos → neutrino mass majorons → pseudoscalar bosons ββ decay 560f decay in media 195, 248–50, 259f interaction with supernova neutrinos 495 motivation 558–62 neutrino decay: limits 562–64 nucleosynthesis constraints 259f solar neutrino decay 389 supernova physics 562–64 mass fraction (of elements) 591f mass loss 25, 34, 36 mass-radius relationship 9, 42 Maxwell’s equations 202–4 mean molecular weight 591 meson condensate 59, 155–57, 243 metallicity α-enhanced 78f globular cluster 26, 34, 60, 66f, 78f impact on opacity 12 Sun 24 Mexican hat 529, 542 Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect → neutrino oscillations: resonant millicharged particles 227f, 232–36, 564–67 misalignment mechanism 541f mixing angle in medium 294–7 mixing between particles → neutrino mixing, neutrino oscillations axion-photon 179–81 axion-pion 527f, 534 general theory 260–63 graviton-photon 191 gravitationally induced 555 mixing length 12, 16, 351, 549f molecular chaos 319 monopoles xv MSW bathtub 301–3 effect → neutrino oscillations solution of solar neutrino problem 384–86 triangle 301–3, 386, 434
Subject Index 655 multiple scattering Cherenkov detector 366 nuclear medium 135, 143–51, 511f MUNU experiment 276 muon decay 263 N Nambu-Goldstone bosons 165f, 250, 529–31, 559f NESTOR xvi, 558 neutral current collision term in neutrino oscillations 323f coupling constants 584 flavor-changing 263f, 303, 326 Hamiltonian 95, 119, 136, 320, 531, 584 neutrality of matter 565 neutrino absorption → neutrino opacity neutrino charge: electric 227f, 232–36, 240, 499, 522f, 564–67 neutrino cooling → supernova core red-giant core 83–85 white dwarfs 47–50 neutrino coupling constants: standard 583f neutrino cross section electrons 365f, 416 protons and nuclei 416 neutrino dark matter 258–60 neutrino decay → neutrino radiative decay fast invisible 248–50, 389, 485, 559 standard-model 263–67 neutrino dipole moments astrophysical impact and bounds early universe 277f HB stars 82, 236 neutron stars 59f red-giant core mass 86f, 236 supernova 277, 477–79, 483, 521f white dwarfs 48–50 electric vs. magnetic 265f, 268–71, 273–75, 525 experimental bounds → neutrino radiative decay scattering experiments 267, 275f neutrino dipole moments (cont’d) interaction structure 228, 265, 268–71 medium induced 240 processes plasmon decay 229, 232–36, 274 scattering 272f summary 272–75 radiative decay → neutrino radiative decay summary of limits 275–79 theoretical prediction Dirac vs. Majorana 265, 271, 451 left-right symmetric model 268 standard-model 265f structure of interaction 265, 268–71 neutrino dispersion Cherenkov effect 238f deflection 247f density-matrix treatment 321f general theory 241–47 inhomogeneous medium 442f neutrino background 321f, 432f, 440–42 nonisotropic medium 321, 432f, 440–42 off-diagonal refractive index 322 relation for massive neutrinos in media 295f spin-flip scattering 162 neutrino emission: standard → solar neutrino flux, supernova core astrophysical impact red-giant core mass 83f red supergiant 2 white-dwarf cooling 47–50 historical perspective 1f numerical rates 585–90 specific processes bremsstrahlung (electronic) 105-7, 588 bremsstrahlung (nucleonic) 127–30, 157, 159 Compton (photoneutrino) 95f, 98, 586f free-bound transition 100f pair annihilation 99f, 586f plasma 585f
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Georg G. Raffelt Stars as Laborator
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Table of Contents Preface (xiv) Ack
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Table of Contents vii 4.5 Neutrino
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Table of Contents ix 8. Neutrino Os
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Table of Contents xi 12. Radiative
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Table of Contents xiii 16.3 New Int
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Preface xv Second, particles from d
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Preface xvii search for proton deca
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Preface xix cuts of higher-order gr
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Preface xxi quoted “astrophysical
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Chapter 1 The Energy-Loss Argument
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The Energy-Loss Argument 3 example
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The Energy-Loss Argument 5 trinos,
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The Energy-Loss Argument 7 As a sim
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The Energy-Loss Argument 9 The most
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The Energy-Loss Argument 11 against
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The Energy-Loss Argument 13 ing M;
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The Energy-Loss Argument 15 M ′ (
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The Energy-Loss Argument 17 Table 1
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The Energy-Loss Argument 19 ing to
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The Energy-Loss Argument 21 scalars
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Chapter 2 Anomalous Stellar Energy
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Anomalous Stellar Energy Losses Bou
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Chapter 3 Particles Interacting wit
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Particles Interacting with Electron
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Chapter 4 Processes in a Nuclear Me
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 119 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 121 f
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 123 F
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 129 v
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 131 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 133 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 135 H
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 137 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 143 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 145 s
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 147 E
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 149 a
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 151 T
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 153 r
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 155 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 157 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 159 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 161 A
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 163 R
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Chapter 5 Two-Photon Coupling of Lo
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Two-Photon Coupling of Low-Mass Bos
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Chapter 6 Particle Dispersion and D
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Particle Dispersion and Decays in M
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Chapter 7 Nonstandard Neutrinos The
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 253 (“spont
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 255 kinematic
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 257 95% CL ma
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 259 Fig. 7.2.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 261 In three-
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 263 Flavor mi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 267 The quant
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 269 dipole mo
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 271 component
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 275 moments.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 277 7.5.2 Spi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 279 where m
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Neutrino Oscillations 281 and hence
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Neutrino Oscillations 283 As usual
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Neutrino Oscillations 285 two-flavo
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Neutrino Oscillations 287 Fig. 8.2.
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Neutrino Oscillations 289 8.2.4 Exp
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Neutrino Oscillations 293 Apparentl
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Neutrino Oscillations 297 when the
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Neutrino Oscillations 299 If the ne
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Neutrino Oscillations 301 8.3.5 The
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Neutrino Oscillations 303 It is als
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Neutrino Oscillations 305 system, h
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Neutrino Oscillations 307 say, betw
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Neutrino Oscillations 309 1991). Th
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Oscillations of Trapped Neutrinos 3
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Chapter 10 Solar Neutrinos The curr
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Solar Neutrinos 343 Fig. 10.1. Sola
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Solar Neutrinos 345 There exist vas
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Solar Neutrinos 347 10.2 Calculated
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Solar Neutrinos 349 Fig. 10.3. Norm
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Solar Neutrinos 351 a certain range
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Solar Neutrinos 353 While helium an
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Solar Neutrinos 355 Bahcall and Pin
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Solar Neutrinos 357 Xu et al. (1994
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Solar Neutrinos 359 Table 10.4. Spe
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Solar Neutrinos 361 Table 10.5. Pre
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Solar Neutrinos 363 rates attribute
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Solar Neutrinos 365 10.3.4 Water Ch
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Solar Neutrinos 367 Fig. 10.10. Dif
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Solar Neutrinos 369 Fig. 10.13. Mea
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Solar Neutrinos 371 Table 10.9. Cur
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Solar Neutrinos 373 of order the an
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Solar Neutrinos 375 Fig. 10.16. 37
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Solar Neutrinos 377 GALLEX, or Home
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Solar Neutrinos 379 Table 10.10. Me
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Solar Neutrinos 381 deficits in all
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Solar Neutrinos 383 The ν e surviv
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Solar Neutrinos 385 The allowed ran
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Solar Neutrinos 387 10.7 Spin and S
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Solar Neutrinos 389 10.8 Neutrino D
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Solar Neutrinos 391 The small- and
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Solar Neutrinos 393 flux above its
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Chapter 11 Supernova Neutrinos The
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Supernova Neutrinos 397 Fig. 11.1.
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Supernova Neutrinos 399 beyond the
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Supernova Neutrinos 401 ate neutrin
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Supernova Neutrinos 403 Convection
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Supernova Neutrinos 405 Hayes, and
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Supernova Neutrinos 407 11.2 Predic
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Supernova Neutrinos 409 must then b
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Supernova Neutrinos 411 Figure 11.6
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Supernova Neutrinos 413 signal (Sec
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Supernova Neutrinos 415 time) on 23
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Supernova Neutrinos 417 All of the
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Supernova Neutrinos 419 to multiple
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Supernova Neutrinos 421 the final-s
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Supernova Neutrinos 423 ter of 53 e
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Supernova Neutrinos 425 Given these
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Supernova Neutrinos 427 thorough st
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Supernova Neutrinos 429 The forward
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Supernova Neutrinos 431 Another int
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Supernova Neutrinos 433 ber of ν e
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Supernova Neutrinos 435 A “normal
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Supernova Neutrinos 437 Fig. 11.19.
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Supernova Neutrinos 439 The approxi
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Supernova Neutrinos 441 be taken to
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Supernova Neutrinos 443 sense that
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Supernova Neutrinos 445 presence of
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Supernova Neutrinos 447 An even mor
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Chapter 12 Radiative Particle Decay
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Radiative Particle Decays 451 one c
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Radiative Particle Decays 453 corre
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Radiative Particle Decays 455 is no
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Radiative Particle Decays 457 Fig.
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Radiative Particle Decays 461 12.3.
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Radiative Particle Decays 463 emiss
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Radiative Particle Decays 465 range
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Radiative Particle Decays 469 weak
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Radiative Particle Decays 471 value
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Radiative Particle Decays 473 ignor
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Radiative Particle Decays 479 Table
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Radiative Particle Decays 481 In or
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Radiative Particle Decays 485 while
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Radiative Particle Decays 487 h 100
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Radiative Particle Decays 491 still
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Chapter 13 What Have We Learned fro
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What Have We Learned from SN 1987A
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Axions 525 Table 14.1. Particle mag
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Axions 527 or axion decay constant.
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Axions 529 The Yukawa coupling h is
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Axions 531 14.2.3 Pseudoscalar vs.
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Axions 533 Notably, the Higgs field
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Axions 535 otic heavy quarks: only
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Axions 537 Various axion models dif
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Axions 539 Bounds on the Yukawa cou
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Axions 541 Fig. 14.5. Astrophysical
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Axions 543 decay into axions. This
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Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Exotica St
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Miscellaneous Exotica 547 Table 15.
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Miscellaneous Exotica 549 15.2.3 Pr
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Miscellaneous Exotica 551 Most rece
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Miscellaneous Exotica 553 Fig. 15.1
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Miscellaneous Exotica 555 A violati
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Miscellaneous Exotica 557 nuclei it
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Miscellaneous Exotica 559 mass, and
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Miscellaneous Exotica 561 backgroun
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Miscellaneous Exotica 563 SN 1987A
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Miscellaneous Exotica 565 which led
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Miscellaneous Exotica 567 For a nar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 569 the
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 571 Neut
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 573 Apar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 575 is d
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 577 of t
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 579 siti
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Units and Dimensions 581 In the ast
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Appendix B Neutrino Coupling Consta
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Appendix C Numerical Neutrino Energ
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Appendix D Characteristics of Stell
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Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
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Page 623 and 624: Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
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Page 627 and 628: References 607 Akhmedov, E. Kh., an
Page 629 and 630: References 609 Bahcall, J. N., Kras
Page 631 and 632: References 611 Bilenky, S. M., and
Page 633 and 634: References 613 Cannon, R. D. 1970,
Page 635 and 636: References 615 Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.
Page 637 and 638: References 617 Dodelson, S., Friema
Page 639 and 640: References 619 Fukuda, Y., et al. 1
Page 641 and 642: References 621 Goyal, A., Dutta, S.
Page 643 and 644: References 623 Hoogeveen, F., and S
Page 645 and 646: References 625 Kawakami, H., et al.
Page 647 and 648: References 627 Landau, L. D., and P
Page 649 and 650: References 629 Mayle, R. W., and Wi
Page 651 and 652: References 631 Nieves, J. F., and P
Page 653 and 654: References 633 Pochoda, P., and Sch
Page 655 and 656: References 635 Ross, J. E., and All
Page 657 and 658: References 637 Shlyakhter, A. I. 19
Page 659 and 660: References 639 Totsuka, Y. 1993, Ne
Page 661 and 662: References 641 Wiezorek, C., et al.
Page 663 and 664: Acronyms 643 L l.h. l.h.s. ly LMC L
Page 665 and 666: Symbols 645 dp differential in phas
Page 667 and 668: Symbols 647 X j Peccei-Quinn charge
Page 669 and 670: Subject Index A α-Ori 189 A665, A1
Page 671 and 672: Subject Index 651 Coulomb gauge 204
Page 673: Subject Index 653 H Hayashi line 32
Page 677 and 678: Subject Index 657 neutrino radiativ
Page 679 and 680: Subject Index 659 Primakoff process
Page 681 and 682: Subject Index 661 SN 1987A bounds (
Page 683 and 684: Subject Index 663 supernova core bi
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