Stars as Laboratories for Fundamental Physics - MPP Theory Group

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viii Table of Contents 6.3 Photon Dispersion (202) 1. Maxwell’s Equations (202) ⋄ 2. Linear Response of the Medium (204) ⋄ 3. Isotropic Polarization Tensor in the Lorentz Gauge (206) ⋄ 4. Lowest- Order QED Calculation of Π (209) ⋄ 5. Dispersion Relations (212) ⋄ 6. Renormalization Constants Z T,L (217) 6.4 Screening Effects (219) 1. Debye Screening (219) ⋄ 2. Correlations and Static Structure Factor (222) ⋄ 3. Strongly Coupled Plasma (223) ⋄ 4. Screened Coulomb Scattering (224) 6.5 Plasmon Decay in Neutrinos (227) 1. Millicharged Neutrinos (227) ⋄ 2. Neutrino Dipole Moments (228) ⋄ 3. Standard-Model Couplings (229) ⋄ 4. Summary of Decay Rates (231) ⋄ 5. Energy-Loss Rates (232) ⋄ 6. Astrophysical Bounds on Neutrino Electromagnetic Properties (234) 6.6 Neutrino Form Factors in Media (237) 6.7 Neutrino Refraction (241) 1. Neutrino Refractive Index (241) ⋄ 2. Higher-Order Effects (245) ⋄ 3. The Sun a Neutrino Lens (247) 6.8 Majoron Decay (248) 7. Nonstandard Neutrinos 7.1 Neutrino Masses (251) 1. The Fermion Mass Problem (251) ⋄ 2. Dirac and Majorana Masses (253) ⋄ 3. Kinematical Mass Bounds (254) ⋄ 4. Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay (257) ⋄ 5. Cosmological Mass Bounds (258). 7.2 Neutrino Mixing and Decay (260) 1. Flavor Mixing (260) ⋄ 2. Standard-Model Decays of Mixed Neutrinos (263) 7.3 Neutrino Electromagnetic Form Factors (267) 1. Overview (267) ⋄ 2. Single-Photon Coupling (268) ⋄ 3. Two-Photon Coupling (271) 7.4 Electromagnetic Processes (272) 7.5 Limits on Neutrino Dipole Moments (275) 1. Scattering Experiments (275) ⋄ 2. Spin-Flip Scattering in Supernovae (277) ⋄ 3. Spin-Flip Scattering in the Early Universe (277) ⋄ 4. Search for Radiative Neutrino Decays (278) ⋄ 5. Plasmon Decay in Stars (279).
Table of Contents ix 8. Neutrino Oscillations 8.1 Introduction (280) 8.2 Vacuum Oscillations (282) 1. Equation of Motion for Mixed Neutrinos (282) ⋄ 2. Two-Flavor Oscillations (284) ⋄ 3. Distribution of Sources and Energies (287) ⋄ 4. Experimental Oscillation Searches (289) ⋄ 5. Atmospheric Neutrinos (290) 8.3 Oscillations in Media (293) 1. Dispersion Relation for Mixed Neutrinos (293) ⋄ 2. Oscillations in Homogeneous Media (296) ⋄ 3. Inhomogeneous Medium: Adiabatic Limit (297) ⋄ 4. Inhomogeneous Medium: Analytic Results (299) ⋄ 5. The Triangle and the Bathtub (301) ⋄ 6. Neutrino Oscillations without Vacuum Mixing (303) 8.4 Spin and Spin-Flavor Oscillations (304) 1. Vacuum Spin Precession (304) ⋄ 2. Spin Precession in a Medium (306) ⋄ 3. Spin-Flavor Precession (306) ⋄ 4. Twisting Magnetic Fields (308) 9. Oscillations of Trapped Neutrinos 9.1 Introduction (310) 9.2 Kinetic Equation for Oscillations and Collisions (313) 1. Stodolsky’s Formula (313) ⋄ 2. Matrix of Densities (315) ⋄ 3. Free Evolution: Flavor Oscillations (316) ⋄ 4. Interaction with a Background Medium (317) 9.3 Neutral-Current Interactions (320) 1. Hamiltonian (320) ⋄ 2. Neutrino Refraction (321) ⋄ 3. Kinetic Terms (322) ⋄ 4. Recovering Stodolsky’s Formula (324) ⋄ 5. Weak-Damping Limit (325) ⋄ 6. Small Mixing Angle (328) ⋄ 7. Flavor Conversion by Neutral Currents (328) 9.4 Charged-Current Interactions (329) 1. Hamiltonian (329) ⋄ 2. Kinetic Terms (329) ⋄ 3. Weak-Damping Limit (330) 9.5 Flavor Conversion in a SN Core (332) 1. Rate Equation (332) ⋄ 2. Neutrino Interaction Rates (334) ⋄ 3. Time Scale for Flavor Conversion (335) 9.6 Sterile Neutrinos and SN 1987A (338) 10. Solar Neutrinos 10.1 Introduction (341) 10.2 Calculated Neutrino Spectrum (347) 1. Individual Sources (347) ⋄ 2. Standard Solar Models (351) ⋄ 3. Uncertainties of Standard Neutrino Predictions (353)
Page 1 and 2: Georg G. Raffelt Stars as Laborator
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents Preface (xiv) Ack
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Page 9 and 10: Table of Contents xi 12. Radiative
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Page 13 and 14: Preface xv Second, particles from d
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Page 37 and 38: The Energy-Loss Argument 17 Table 1
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Page 41 and 42: The Energy-Loss Argument 21 scalars
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Chapter 3 Particles Interacting wit
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Particles Interacting with Electron
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Chapter 4 Processes in a Nuclear Me
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 119 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 121 f
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 123 F
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 129 v
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 131 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 133 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 135 H
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 137 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 143 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 145 s
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 147 E
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 149 a
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 151 T
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 153 r
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 155 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 157 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 159 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 161 A
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 163 R
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Chapter 5 Two-Photon Coupling of Lo
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Two-Photon Coupling of Low-Mass Bos
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Chapter 6 Particle Dispersion and D
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Particle Dispersion and Decays in M
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Chapter 7 Nonstandard Neutrinos The
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 253 (“spont
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 255 kinematic
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 257 95% CL ma
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 259 Fig. 7.2.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 261 In three-
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 263 Flavor mi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 267 The quant
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 269 dipole mo
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 271 component
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 275 moments.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 277 7.5.2 Spi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 279 where m
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Neutrino Oscillations 281 and hence
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Neutrino Oscillations 283 As usual
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Neutrino Oscillations 285 two-flavo
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Neutrino Oscillations 287 Fig. 8.2.
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Neutrino Oscillations 289 8.2.4 Exp
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Neutrino Oscillations 293 Apparentl
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Neutrino Oscillations 297 when the
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Neutrino Oscillations 299 If the ne
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Neutrino Oscillations 301 8.3.5 The
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Neutrino Oscillations 303 It is als
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Neutrino Oscillations 305 system, h
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Neutrino Oscillations 307 say, betw
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Neutrino Oscillations 309 1991). Th
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Oscillations of Trapped Neutrinos 3
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Chapter 10 Solar Neutrinos The curr
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Solar Neutrinos 343 Fig. 10.1. Sola
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Solar Neutrinos 345 There exist vas
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Solar Neutrinos 347 10.2 Calculated
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Solar Neutrinos 349 Fig. 10.3. Norm
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Solar Neutrinos 351 a certain range
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Solar Neutrinos 353 While helium an
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Solar Neutrinos 355 Bahcall and Pin
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Solar Neutrinos 357 Xu et al. (1994
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Solar Neutrinos 359 Table 10.4. Spe
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Solar Neutrinos 361 Table 10.5. Pre
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Solar Neutrinos 363 rates attribute
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Solar Neutrinos 365 10.3.4 Water Ch
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Solar Neutrinos 367 Fig. 10.10. Dif
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Solar Neutrinos 369 Fig. 10.13. Mea
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Solar Neutrinos 371 Table 10.9. Cur
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Solar Neutrinos 373 of order the an
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Solar Neutrinos 375 Fig. 10.16. 37
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Solar Neutrinos 377 GALLEX, or Home
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Solar Neutrinos 379 Table 10.10. Me
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Solar Neutrinos 381 deficits in all
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Solar Neutrinos 383 The ν e surviv
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Solar Neutrinos 385 The allowed ran
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Solar Neutrinos 387 10.7 Spin and S
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Solar Neutrinos 389 10.8 Neutrino D
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Solar Neutrinos 391 The small- and
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Solar Neutrinos 393 flux above its
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Chapter 11 Supernova Neutrinos The
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Supernova Neutrinos 397 Fig. 11.1.
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Supernova Neutrinos 399 beyond the
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Supernova Neutrinos 401 ate neutrin
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Supernova Neutrinos 403 Convection
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Supernova Neutrinos 405 Hayes, and
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Supernova Neutrinos 407 11.2 Predic
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Supernova Neutrinos 409 must then b
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Supernova Neutrinos 411 Figure 11.6
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Supernova Neutrinos 413 signal (Sec
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Supernova Neutrinos 415 time) on 23
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Supernova Neutrinos 417 All of the
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Supernova Neutrinos 419 to multiple
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Supernova Neutrinos 421 the final-s
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Supernova Neutrinos 423 ter of 53 e
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Supernova Neutrinos 425 Given these
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Supernova Neutrinos 427 thorough st
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Supernova Neutrinos 429 The forward
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Supernova Neutrinos 431 Another int
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Supernova Neutrinos 433 ber of ν e
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Supernova Neutrinos 435 A “normal
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Supernova Neutrinos 437 Fig. 11.19.
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Supernova Neutrinos 439 The approxi
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Supernova Neutrinos 441 be taken to
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Supernova Neutrinos 443 sense that
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Supernova Neutrinos 445 presence of
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Supernova Neutrinos 447 An even mor
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Chapter 12 Radiative Particle Decay
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Radiative Particle Decays 451 one c
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Radiative Particle Decays 453 corre
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Radiative Particle Decays 455 is no
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Radiative Particle Decays 457 Fig.
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Radiative Particle Decays 461 12.3.
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Radiative Particle Decays 463 emiss
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Radiative Particle Decays 465 range
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Radiative Particle Decays 469 weak
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Radiative Particle Decays 471 value
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Radiative Particle Decays 473 ignor
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Radiative Particle Decays 479 Table
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Radiative Particle Decays 481 In or
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Radiative Particle Decays 485 while
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Radiative Particle Decays 487 h 100
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Radiative Particle Decays 491 still
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Chapter 13 What Have We Learned fro
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What Have We Learned from SN 1987A
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Axions 525 Table 14.1. Particle mag
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Axions 527 or axion decay constant.
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Axions 529 The Yukawa coupling h is
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Axions 531 14.2.3 Pseudoscalar vs.
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Axions 533 Notably, the Higgs field
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Axions 535 otic heavy quarks: only
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Axions 537 Various axion models dif
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Axions 539 Bounds on the Yukawa cou
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Axions 541 Fig. 14.5. Astrophysical
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Axions 543 decay into axions. This
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Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Exotica St
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Miscellaneous Exotica 547 Table 15.
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Miscellaneous Exotica 549 15.2.3 Pr
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Miscellaneous Exotica 551 Most rece
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Miscellaneous Exotica 553 Fig. 15.1
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Miscellaneous Exotica 555 A violati
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Miscellaneous Exotica 557 nuclei it
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Miscellaneous Exotica 559 mass, and
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Miscellaneous Exotica 561 backgroun
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Miscellaneous Exotica 563 SN 1987A
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Miscellaneous Exotica 565 which led
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Miscellaneous Exotica 567 For a nar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 569 the
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 571 Neut
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 573 Apar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 575 is d
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 577 of t
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 579 siti
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Units and Dimensions 581 In the ast
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Appendix B Neutrino Coupling Consta
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Appendix C Numerical Neutrino Energ
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Appendix D Characteristics of Stell
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Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
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References 607 Akhmedov, E. Kh., an
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References 609 Bahcall, J. N., Kras
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References 611 Bilenky, S. M., and
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References 613 Cannon, R. D. 1970,
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References 615 Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.
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References 617 Dodelson, S., Friema
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References 619 Fukuda, Y., et al. 1
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References 621 Goyal, A., Dutta, S.
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References 623 Hoogeveen, F., and S
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References 625 Kawakami, H., et al.
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References 627 Landau, L. D., and P
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References 629 Mayle, R. W., and Wi
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References 631 Nieves, J. F., and P
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References 633 Pochoda, P., and Sch
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References 635 Ross, J. E., and All
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References 637 Shlyakhter, A. I. 19
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References 639 Totsuka, Y. 1993, Ne
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References 641 Wiezorek, C., et al.
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Acronyms 643 L l.h. l.h.s. ly LMC L
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Symbols 645 dp differential in phas
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Symbols 647 X j Peccei-Quinn charge
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Subject Index A α-Ori 189 A665, A1
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Subject Index 651 Coulomb gauge 204
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Subject Index 653 H Hayashi line 32
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Subject Index 655 multiple scatteri
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Subject Index 657 neutrino radiativ
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Subject Index 659 Primakoff process
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Subject Index 661 SN 1987A bounds (
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Subject Index 663 supernova core bi
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