Stars as Laboratories for Fundamental Physics - MPP Theory Group

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656 Subject Index neutrino form factor: electromagnetic → neutrino dipole moment anapole moment 268–70 charge 227f, 232–36, 240, 268, 564–67 charge radius 269f, 523 general theory 267–72 in plasma 230f, 237–41 neutrino lasing 389 neutrino lightcurve → supernova core neutrino mass bounds ββ decay 257f cosmological 258–60 experimental 252, 254–58 future supernovae 447f, 497 SN 1987A signal dispersion 426f SN 1987A signal duration 516–19 Dirac 253f, 516–19 effective → neutrino dispersion inverted hierarchy 434 Majorana 253f, 257–59 neutrino mixing → neutrino oscillations bounds atmospheric neutrinos 291 decay experiments 456f, 461 oscillation experiments 289f r-process nucleosynthesis 437–42 SN 1987A γ-rays 481 SN 1987A prompt burst 432–34 SN 1987A signal duration 434–36 supernova core: flavor conversion 338 decay rates and dipole moments 264–67 induced by flavor-changing neutral currents 303 gravity 555 mass matrix 262, 282 neutrino opacity 132–35, 149–51, 329f, 334f, 408, 514–16 neutrino oscillations damping by collisions kinetic equation 327–29, 332–34 simple picture 310–12 spin relaxation 313 time scale in SN core 335–38 equations of motion 282–84 neutrino oscillations (cont’d) experimental searches 289f historical introduction and overview 280–82 in media adiabatic limit 297–99 analytic results 299–300 homogeneous 296f mixing angle 294–7 neutrino background in supernovae 432f, 440–42 oscillation length 285f, 289, 294–97 primordial 322 resonant analytic results 299f description 281, 298 Landau-Zener approximation 300 level crossing 295f, 298 schematic model for the Sun 301–3 solution of solar neutrino problem 384–86 supernova core 333f supernova mantle 432–42 spin-precession picture 286f, 314f supernova cooling phase 434–36 explosion mechanism 436f overview 430f prompt burst 432–34, 496f, 498 r-process nucleosynthesis 437–42 Sun MSW solutions 384–86, 434f schematic model of MSW effect 301–3 vacuum solution 381–84 survival probability general expression 284–86 with energy distribution 288 with source distribution 287f temporal vs. spatial 283f three-flavor 284f two-flavor 284–88 neutrino-photon scattering 245f neutrino radiative decay → neutrino dipole moment, neutrino two-photon coupling
Subject Index 657 neutrino radiative decay (cont’d) bounds from beam stop 456f cosmic background neutrinos 489–91 diffuse flux from all stars 487f reactors 453–55 solar positrons 457, 461 solar x-rays 459–61 SN 1987A γ-rays 467f, 474f, 477–79 photon spectrum stationary source 451–53 pulsed source 463–65, 469–73 standard-model predictions 264–67 summary of bounds 278f neutrino rocket engine 443–45 neutrino sphere 397, 407, 409 neutrino spin precession supernova magnetic field 521f theoretical description equations of motion 304f in electric fields 305 in medium 306 oscillation length 305 spin-flavor 306–9 time variation of solar neutrino flux 374, 387f neutrino trapping 396 neutrino two-photon coupling 245, 265f, 271f neutrinos: cosmic background screening of leptonic force 114f, 500 mass density 258–60, 489–91 radiative decay 489–91 neutrinos: number of families 251, 260, 513 neutrinos: right-handed component of Dirac 253f e + e − decay limits 479, 482 SN 1987A limit charge radius 523 dipole moment 521f Dirac mass 516–19 mixing with sequential flavors 338–40 right-handed currents 519–20 spin-flip production 160–64 neutrinos: solar → solar neutrino flux neutrinos: strongly interacting 558f, 563 neutrinos: supernova → SN 1987A, supernova core neutron stars cooling 54–60 crust 58–60, 106f formation 38 kick velocities 443–45 internal conditions 601 magnetosphere 185–88 pseudoscalar field around 187 x-ray observations 56–58 Newton’s constant value 6 time variation 546–54 NOMAD experiment 289f nonabelian Boltzmann collision equation 323f nuclear matter novel phases 155–59 properties 151f, 600–5 nucleon mass: effective 151f, 602–5 nucleosynthesis → big-bang nucleosynthesis, supernova (type II) number fraction: definition 243 O off-diagonal refractive index 322 Oklo natural reactor 546 one-pion exchange potential 119, 122, 124f, 141 opacity α-enhanced 78f conductive 11, 22, 78 definition 11 neutrino 132–35, 149–51, 329f, 334f, 408, 514–16 particle 11, 18f, 127–35 radiative 18f reduced 19 Rosseland average 11, 18f solar 21, 345, 353–55 tables 12 OPAL 12 open clusters 60, 76 OPE potential 119, 122, 124f, 141 optical activity → birefringence optical theorem 198 oscillation length 285f, 289, 294–97, 305
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Georg G. Raffelt Stars as Laborator
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Table of Contents Preface (xiv) Ack
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Table of Contents vii 4.5 Neutrino
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Table of Contents ix 8. Neutrino Os
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Table of Contents xi 12. Radiative
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Table of Contents xiii 16.3 New Int
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Preface xv Second, particles from d
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Preface xvii search for proton deca
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Preface xix cuts of higher-order gr
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Preface xxi quoted “astrophysical
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Chapter 1 The Energy-Loss Argument
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The Energy-Loss Argument 3 example
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The Energy-Loss Argument 5 trinos,
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The Energy-Loss Argument 7 As a sim
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The Energy-Loss Argument 9 The most
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The Energy-Loss Argument 11 against
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The Energy-Loss Argument 13 ing M;
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The Energy-Loss Argument 15 M ′ (
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The Energy-Loss Argument 17 Table 1
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The Energy-Loss Argument 19 ing to
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The Energy-Loss Argument 21 scalars
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Chapter 2 Anomalous Stellar Energy
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Anomalous Stellar Energy Losses Bou
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Chapter 3 Particles Interacting wit
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Particles Interacting with Electron
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Chapter 4 Processes in a Nuclear Me
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 119 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 121 f
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 123 F
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 129 v
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 131 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 133 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 135 H
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 137 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 143 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 145 s
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 147 E
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 149 a
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 151 T
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 153 r
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 155 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 157 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 159 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 161 A
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 163 R
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Chapter 5 Two-Photon Coupling of Lo
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Two-Photon Coupling of Low-Mass Bos
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Chapter 6 Particle Dispersion and D
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Particle Dispersion and Decays in M
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Chapter 7 Nonstandard Neutrinos The
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 253 (“spont
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 255 kinematic
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 257 95% CL ma
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 259 Fig. 7.2.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 261 In three-
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 263 Flavor mi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 267 The quant
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 269 dipole mo
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 271 component
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 275 moments.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 277 7.5.2 Spi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 279 where m
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Neutrino Oscillations 281 and hence
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Neutrino Oscillations 283 As usual
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Neutrino Oscillations 285 two-flavo
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Neutrino Oscillations 287 Fig. 8.2.
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Neutrino Oscillations 289 8.2.4 Exp
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Neutrino Oscillations 293 Apparentl
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Neutrino Oscillations 297 when the
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Neutrino Oscillations 299 If the ne
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Neutrino Oscillations 301 8.3.5 The
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Neutrino Oscillations 303 It is als
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Neutrino Oscillations 305 system, h
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Neutrino Oscillations 307 say, betw
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Neutrino Oscillations 309 1991). Th
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Oscillations of Trapped Neutrinos 3
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Chapter 10 Solar Neutrinos The curr
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Solar Neutrinos 343 Fig. 10.1. Sola
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Solar Neutrinos 345 There exist vas
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Solar Neutrinos 347 10.2 Calculated
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Solar Neutrinos 349 Fig. 10.3. Norm
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Solar Neutrinos 351 a certain range
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Solar Neutrinos 353 While helium an
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Solar Neutrinos 355 Bahcall and Pin
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Solar Neutrinos 357 Xu et al. (1994
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Solar Neutrinos 359 Table 10.4. Spe
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Solar Neutrinos 361 Table 10.5. Pre
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Solar Neutrinos 363 rates attribute
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Solar Neutrinos 365 10.3.4 Water Ch
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Solar Neutrinos 367 Fig. 10.10. Dif
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Solar Neutrinos 369 Fig. 10.13. Mea
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Solar Neutrinos 371 Table 10.9. Cur
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Solar Neutrinos 373 of order the an
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Solar Neutrinos 375 Fig. 10.16. 37
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Solar Neutrinos 377 GALLEX, or Home
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Solar Neutrinos 379 Table 10.10. Me
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Solar Neutrinos 381 deficits in all
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Solar Neutrinos 383 The ν e surviv
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Solar Neutrinos 385 The allowed ran
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Solar Neutrinos 387 10.7 Spin and S
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Solar Neutrinos 389 10.8 Neutrino D
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Solar Neutrinos 391 The small- and
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Solar Neutrinos 393 flux above its
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Chapter 11 Supernova Neutrinos The
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Supernova Neutrinos 397 Fig. 11.1.
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Supernova Neutrinos 399 beyond the
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Supernova Neutrinos 401 ate neutrin
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Supernova Neutrinos 403 Convection
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Supernova Neutrinos 405 Hayes, and
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Supernova Neutrinos 407 11.2 Predic
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Supernova Neutrinos 409 must then b
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Supernova Neutrinos 411 Figure 11.6
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Supernova Neutrinos 413 signal (Sec
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Supernova Neutrinos 415 time) on 23
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Supernova Neutrinos 417 All of the
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Supernova Neutrinos 419 to multiple
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Supernova Neutrinos 421 the final-s
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Supernova Neutrinos 423 ter of 53 e
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Supernova Neutrinos 425 Given these
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Supernova Neutrinos 427 thorough st
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Supernova Neutrinos 429 The forward
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Supernova Neutrinos 431 Another int
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Supernova Neutrinos 433 ber of ν e
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Supernova Neutrinos 435 A “normal
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Supernova Neutrinos 437 Fig. 11.19.
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Supernova Neutrinos 439 The approxi
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Supernova Neutrinos 441 be taken to
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Supernova Neutrinos 443 sense that
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Supernova Neutrinos 445 presence of
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Supernova Neutrinos 447 An even mor
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Chapter 12 Radiative Particle Decay
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Radiative Particle Decays 451 one c
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Radiative Particle Decays 453 corre
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Radiative Particle Decays 455 is no
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Radiative Particle Decays 457 Fig.
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Radiative Particle Decays 461 12.3.
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Radiative Particle Decays 463 emiss
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Radiative Particle Decays 465 range
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Radiative Particle Decays 469 weak
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Radiative Particle Decays 471 value
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Radiative Particle Decays 473 ignor
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Radiative Particle Decays 479 Table
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Radiative Particle Decays 481 In or
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Radiative Particle Decays 485 while
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Radiative Particle Decays 487 h 100
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Radiative Particle Decays 491 still
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Chapter 13 What Have We Learned fro
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What Have We Learned from SN 1987A
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Axions 525 Table 14.1. Particle mag
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Axions 527 or axion decay constant.
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Axions 529 The Yukawa coupling h is
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Axions 531 14.2.3 Pseudoscalar vs.
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Axions 533 Notably, the Higgs field
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Axions 535 otic heavy quarks: only
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Axions 537 Various axion models dif
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Axions 539 Bounds on the Yukawa cou
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Axions 541 Fig. 14.5. Astrophysical
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Axions 543 decay into axions. This
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Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Exotica St
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Miscellaneous Exotica 547 Table 15.
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Miscellaneous Exotica 549 15.2.3 Pr
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Miscellaneous Exotica 551 Most rece
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Miscellaneous Exotica 553 Fig. 15.1
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Miscellaneous Exotica 555 A violati
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Miscellaneous Exotica 557 nuclei it
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Miscellaneous Exotica 559 mass, and
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Miscellaneous Exotica 561 backgroun
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Miscellaneous Exotica 563 SN 1987A
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Miscellaneous Exotica 565 which led
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Miscellaneous Exotica 567 For a nar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 569 the
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 571 Neut
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 573 Apar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 575 is d
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 577 of t
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 579 siti
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Units and Dimensions 581 In the ast
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Appendix B Neutrino Coupling Consta
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Appendix C Numerical Neutrino Energ
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Appendix D Characteristics of Stell
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Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
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Page 625 and 626: Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
Page 627 and 628: References 607 Akhmedov, E. Kh., an
Page 629 and 630: References 609 Bahcall, J. N., Kras
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Page 633 and 634: References 613 Cannon, R. D. 1970,
Page 635 and 636: References 615 Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.
Page 637 and 638: References 617 Dodelson, S., Friema
Page 639 and 640: References 619 Fukuda, Y., et al. 1
Page 641 and 642: References 621 Goyal, A., Dutta, S.
Page 643 and 644: References 623 Hoogeveen, F., and S
Page 645 and 646: References 625 Kawakami, H., et al.
Page 647 and 648: References 627 Landau, L. D., and P
Page 649 and 650: References 629 Mayle, R. W., and Wi
Page 651 and 652: References 631 Nieves, J. F., and P
Page 653 and 654: References 633 Pochoda, P., and Sch
Page 655 and 656: References 635 Ross, J. E., and All
Page 657 and 658: References 637 Shlyakhter, A. I. 19
Page 659 and 660: References 639 Totsuka, Y. 1993, Ne
Page 661 and 662: References 641 Wiezorek, C., et al.
Page 663 and 664: Acronyms 643 L l.h. l.h.s. ly LMC L
Page 665 and 666: Symbols 645 dp differential in phas
Page 667 and 668: Symbols 647 X j Peccei-Quinn charge
Page 669 and 670: Subject Index A α-Ori 189 A665, A1
Page 671 and 672: Subject Index 651 Coulomb gauge 204
Page 673 and 674: Subject Index 653 H Hayashi line 32
Page 675: Subject Index 655 multiple scatteri
Page 679 and 680: Subject Index 659 Primakoff process
Page 681 and 682: Subject Index 661 SN 1987A bounds (
Page 683 and 684: Subject Index 663 supernova core bi
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