Stars as Laboratories for Fundamental Physics - MPP Theory Group

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652 Subject Index energy transfer (cont’d) radiative 4, 17–19, 131 WIMPs 22 equation of state impact on SN neutrino signal 412f normal stars 6 nuclear 600 equivalence principle: tests 113, 498, 554f escape velocity galaxy 26 globular clusters 25 Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian 183 EXOSAT 56f explosion mechanism → supernova: type II F Faraday effect 180 Fermi constant 545f, 583 energy 594 momentum 594 Fermi-Dirac distribution 593–96 forward scattering 196–98 fifth force 112–16, 500 fine-structure constant axion-nucleon 119 electromagnetic 580 new bosons 92 pion-nucleon 119 flavor-changing neutral current 263f, 303, 326 flavor conversion → neutrino oscillations fluence: definition 463 foe 402 form factor → neutrino form factor free-bound transition 100f Fréjus experiment 291f FTD field theory xviii–xix, 105, 174, 241 fundamental length scale 500 G G117–B15A 53f GALLEX 343f, 357–59, 362–64, 371, 373 gallium detectors 343f, 357–59, 362–64, 371 gauge bosons: new 114–16 invariance 204–6 General Relativity → gravitation giant star → red giant definition 10 GIM suppression 266f globular cluster → red giants, HB stars, RR Lyrae stars ages 62f, 66, 552–54 general properties 25f M3 25, 27 observables interpretation 74–79 in the color-magnitude diagram 60–65 observational results 70–74 theoretical relations 65–70 gluons 159, 525, 527, 530 g-mode → helioseismology gravitation Brans-Dicke theory 548 equivalence principle: tests 113, 498f, 554f graviton 116, 166, 191, 254 induced neutrino mixing 555 nonmetric theory 498 nonsymmetric extension 554 quantum 532f Shapiro time delay 498, 554 time-varying G N 546–54 gravitational settling description 13f globular-cluster ages 13, 66 red-giant envelope helium abundance 66, 74, 77 solar neutrino flux 14, 352, 354 graviton 116, 166, 191, 254 group velocity 199 GRS instrument 465f
Subject Index 653 H Hayashi line 32, 35, 40 HB (horizontal branch) location in color-magnitude diagram 27, 41, 61 morphology 34 HB stars → RR Lyrae stars energy-loss argument 79–82, 98f, 107–9, 112, 176, 236 inner structure 29f, 80f, 592, 599 lifetime 70, 76, 79–82 overview 34f particle bounds: tabulation 82 helioscope 179, 181f helioseismology xvi, 17, 113, 344f, 549–51 helium abundance presolar 16f, 351, 549f primordial 24, 67 red-giant envelope 66f, 74–78 helium-burning stars → HB stars helium flash → helium ignition helium ignition → red giant core mass brightness 63f, 68–72 description 33f delay by particle emission 63, 83–87, 236 off-center 34, 78, 83f Hertzsprung gap 32, 40 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram → color-magnitude diagram Higgs field 3, 165f, 194, 252f, 528, 534, 545, 559 Homestake (solar neutrino detector) chlorine 342f, 357–62, 371, 373–76 iodine 343, 394 homologous models 14–16, 549, 552 horizontal branch → HB hot bubble 38, 397, 406 hot plus cold dark matter 258 Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar → PSR 1913+16 Hyades 48 hydrodynamic event 6 hydrogen-burning chains 341, 346f hydrostatic equilibrium 5–7 I, J IMB detector atmospheric neutrinos 291f SN 1987A neutrinos 415–23 inflation 542 ions contribution to screening 220f, 596, 599 correlations 106, 222–25 ion-sphere radius 223f, 597 isochrone 61f Jupiter magnetic field 556 K κ mechanism 40 Kamiokande (Cherenkov detector) atmospheric neutrinos 291f dark-matter search xvi neutrino detection efficiency 417 electron scattering 365–67, 416f proton absorption 416f proton decay xvii SN 1987A neutrinos 418–23 solar neutrinos 343f, 368–73, 383 Kelvin-Helmholtz cooling Sun 8 supernova core 397, 400, 407–13, 501–23 Kibble mechanism 542 kick velocity (neutron stars) 443–45 Klein-Gordon equation for mixed neutrinos 282–84, 294 Kramers-Kronig relation 198 KSVZ axions 528–30, 542–44 L Lamb shift 565f Landau damping 199, 214, 216f Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect 145, 148f Landau-Zener approximation 300 Langmuir wave → plasmon: longitudinal Large Magellanic Cloud 39, 74, 414, 446 large-numbers hypothesis 545, 549
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Georg G. Raffelt Stars as Laborator
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Table of Contents Preface (xiv) Ack
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Table of Contents vii 4.5 Neutrino
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Table of Contents ix 8. Neutrino Os
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Table of Contents xi 12. Radiative
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Table of Contents xiii 16.3 New Int
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Preface xv Second, particles from d
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Preface xvii search for proton deca
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Preface xix cuts of higher-order gr
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Preface xxi quoted “astrophysical
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Chapter 1 The Energy-Loss Argument
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The Energy-Loss Argument 3 example
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The Energy-Loss Argument 5 trinos,
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The Energy-Loss Argument 7 As a sim
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The Energy-Loss Argument 9 The most
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The Energy-Loss Argument 11 against
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The Energy-Loss Argument 13 ing M;
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The Energy-Loss Argument 15 M ′ (
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The Energy-Loss Argument 17 Table 1
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The Energy-Loss Argument 19 ing to
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The Energy-Loss Argument 21 scalars
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Chapter 2 Anomalous Stellar Energy
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Anomalous Stellar Energy Losses Bou
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Chapter 3 Particles Interacting wit
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Particles Interacting with Electron
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Chapter 4 Processes in a Nuclear Me
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 119 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 121 f
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 123 F
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 129 v
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 131 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 133 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 135 H
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 137 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 143 i
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 145 s
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 147 E
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 149 a
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 151 T
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 153 r
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 155 4
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 157 I
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 159 t
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 161 A
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Processes in a Nuclear Medium 163 R
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Chapter 5 Two-Photon Coupling of Lo
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Two-Photon Coupling of Low-Mass Bos
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Chapter 6 Particle Dispersion and D
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Particle Dispersion and Decays in M
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Chapter 7 Nonstandard Neutrinos The
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 253 (“spont
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 255 kinematic
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 257 95% CL ma
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 259 Fig. 7.2.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 261 In three-
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 263 Flavor mi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 267 The quant
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 269 dipole mo
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 271 component
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 275 moments.
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 277 7.5.2 Spi
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Nonstandard Neutrinos 279 where m
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Neutrino Oscillations 281 and hence
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Neutrino Oscillations 283 As usual
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Neutrino Oscillations 285 two-flavo
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Neutrino Oscillations 287 Fig. 8.2.
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Neutrino Oscillations 289 8.2.4 Exp
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Neutrino Oscillations 293 Apparentl
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Neutrino Oscillations 297 when the
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Neutrino Oscillations 299 If the ne
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Neutrino Oscillations 301 8.3.5 The
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Neutrino Oscillations 303 It is als
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Neutrino Oscillations 305 system, h
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Neutrino Oscillations 307 say, betw
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Neutrino Oscillations 309 1991). Th
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Oscillations of Trapped Neutrinos 3
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Chapter 10 Solar Neutrinos The curr
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Solar Neutrinos 343 Fig. 10.1. Sola
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Solar Neutrinos 345 There exist vas
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Solar Neutrinos 347 10.2 Calculated
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Solar Neutrinos 349 Fig. 10.3. Norm
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Solar Neutrinos 351 a certain range
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Solar Neutrinos 353 While helium an
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Solar Neutrinos 355 Bahcall and Pin
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Solar Neutrinos 357 Xu et al. (1994
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Solar Neutrinos 359 Table 10.4. Spe
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Solar Neutrinos 361 Table 10.5. Pre
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Solar Neutrinos 363 rates attribute
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Solar Neutrinos 365 10.3.4 Water Ch
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Solar Neutrinos 367 Fig. 10.10. Dif
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Solar Neutrinos 369 Fig. 10.13. Mea
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Solar Neutrinos 371 Table 10.9. Cur
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Solar Neutrinos 373 of order the an
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Solar Neutrinos 375 Fig. 10.16. 37
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Solar Neutrinos 377 GALLEX, or Home
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Solar Neutrinos 379 Table 10.10. Me
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Solar Neutrinos 381 deficits in all
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Solar Neutrinos 383 The ν e surviv
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Solar Neutrinos 385 The allowed ran
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Solar Neutrinos 387 10.7 Spin and S
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Solar Neutrinos 389 10.8 Neutrino D
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Solar Neutrinos 391 The small- and
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Solar Neutrinos 393 flux above its
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Chapter 11 Supernova Neutrinos The
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Supernova Neutrinos 397 Fig. 11.1.
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Supernova Neutrinos 399 beyond the
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Supernova Neutrinos 401 ate neutrin
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Supernova Neutrinos 403 Convection
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Supernova Neutrinos 405 Hayes, and
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Supernova Neutrinos 407 11.2 Predic
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Supernova Neutrinos 409 must then b
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Supernova Neutrinos 411 Figure 11.6
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Supernova Neutrinos 413 signal (Sec
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Supernova Neutrinos 415 time) on 23
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Supernova Neutrinos 417 All of the
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Supernova Neutrinos 419 to multiple
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Supernova Neutrinos 421 the final-s
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Supernova Neutrinos 423 ter of 53 e
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Supernova Neutrinos 425 Given these
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Supernova Neutrinos 427 thorough st
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Supernova Neutrinos 429 The forward
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Supernova Neutrinos 431 Another int
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Supernova Neutrinos 433 ber of ν e
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Supernova Neutrinos 435 A “normal
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Supernova Neutrinos 437 Fig. 11.19.
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Supernova Neutrinos 439 The approxi
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Supernova Neutrinos 441 be taken to
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Supernova Neutrinos 443 sense that
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Supernova Neutrinos 445 presence of
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Supernova Neutrinos 447 An even mor
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Chapter 12 Radiative Particle Decay
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Radiative Particle Decays 451 one c
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Radiative Particle Decays 453 corre
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Radiative Particle Decays 455 is no
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Radiative Particle Decays 457 Fig.
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Radiative Particle Decays 461 12.3.
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Radiative Particle Decays 463 emiss
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Radiative Particle Decays 465 range
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Radiative Particle Decays 469 weak
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Radiative Particle Decays 471 value
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Radiative Particle Decays 473 ignor
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Radiative Particle Decays 479 Table
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Radiative Particle Decays 481 In or
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Radiative Particle Decays 485 while
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Radiative Particle Decays 487 h 100
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Radiative Particle Decays 491 still
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Chapter 13 What Have We Learned fro
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What Have We Learned from SN 1987A
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Axions 525 Table 14.1. Particle mag
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Axions 527 or axion decay constant.
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Axions 529 The Yukawa coupling h is
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Axions 531 14.2.3 Pseudoscalar vs.
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Axions 533 Notably, the Higgs field
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Axions 535 otic heavy quarks: only
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Axions 537 Various axion models dif
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Axions 539 Bounds on the Yukawa cou
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Axions 541 Fig. 14.5. Astrophysical
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Axions 543 decay into axions. This
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Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Exotica St
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Miscellaneous Exotica 547 Table 15.
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Miscellaneous Exotica 549 15.2.3 Pr
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Miscellaneous Exotica 551 Most rece
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Miscellaneous Exotica 553 Fig. 15.1
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Miscellaneous Exotica 555 A violati
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Miscellaneous Exotica 557 nuclei it
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Miscellaneous Exotica 559 mass, and
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Miscellaneous Exotica 561 backgroun
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Miscellaneous Exotica 563 SN 1987A
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Miscellaneous Exotica 565 which led
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Miscellaneous Exotica 567 For a nar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 569 the
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 571 Neut
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 573 Apar
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 575 is d
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 577 of t
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Neutrinos: The Bottom Line 579 siti
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Units and Dimensions 581 In the ast
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Appendix B Neutrino Coupling Consta
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Appendix C Numerical Neutrino Energ
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Numerical Neutrino Energy-Loss Rate
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Appendix D Characteristics of Stell
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Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
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Page 621 and 622: Characteristics of Stellar Plasmas
Page 627 and 628: References 607 Akhmedov, E. Kh., an
Page 629 and 630: References 609 Bahcall, J. N., Kras
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Page 635 and 636: References 615 Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.
Page 637 and 638: References 617 Dodelson, S., Friema
Page 639 and 640: References 619 Fukuda, Y., et al. 1
Page 641 and 642: References 621 Goyal, A., Dutta, S.
Page 643 and 644: References 623 Hoogeveen, F., and S
Page 645 and 646: References 625 Kawakami, H., et al.
Page 647 and 648: References 627 Landau, L. D., and P
Page 649 and 650: References 629 Mayle, R. W., and Wi
Page 651 and 652: References 631 Nieves, J. F., and P
Page 653 and 654: References 633 Pochoda, P., and Sch
Page 655 and 656: References 635 Ross, J. E., and All
Page 657 and 658: References 637 Shlyakhter, A. I. 19
Page 659 and 660: References 639 Totsuka, Y. 1993, Ne
Page 661 and 662: References 641 Wiezorek, C., et al.
Page 663 and 664: Acronyms 643 L l.h. l.h.s. ly LMC L
Page 665 and 666: Symbols 645 dp differential in phas
Page 667 and 668: Symbols 647 X j Peccei-Quinn charge
Page 669 and 670: Subject Index A α-Ori 189 A665, A1
Page 671: Subject Index 651 Coulomb gauge 204
Page 675 and 676: Subject Index 655 multiple scatteri
Page 677 and 678: Subject Index 657 neutrino radiativ
Page 679 and 680: Subject Index 659 Primakoff process
Page 681 and 682: Subject Index 661 SN 1987A bounds (
Page 683 and 684: Subject Index 663 supernova core bi
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