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[download]13,2 Mb - Eco - Tiras

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исследований (табл.1), но в отдельных случаях могутбыть источниками поступления в водную толщу некоторыхэлементов (особенно марганца). Илы самогонижнего водоема р. Бык (Калфа) характеризуютсябольшим содержанием многих микроэлементов (9из 14 исследованных). Если говорить о загрязненииилов микроэлементами, то из данных (табл. 3) можноуверенно заключить, что донные отложения Молдовызагрязнены B, Mn, Ba, Cu, Ni и Sr; не загрязнены – Pb,Zn, Ti и Zr; возможно загрязнены (единичные образцыиз сотен) –Co, Cr, Mo и V.Выводы1. Общая минерализация и содержание микроэлементовв воде, почвах и донных отложениях возрастаютот истока к устью.2. Отмечено превышение ПДК по ряду микроэлементовв воде нижнего течения реки и в донных отложенияхбольшинства исследованных образцов.Литература1. Агропочвенное районирование Молдавской ССР/ под редакциейКрупеникова И.А. Изд-во «Картя Молдовеняскэ». Кишинев,1985-168 с.2. Н.В.Горячева, Г.Г.Дука Гидрохимия малых рек Республики Молдова.Кишинев. Изд.-полигр. центр Молд. гос.ун-та, 2004.– 288 с.3. Проблемы качества, использования и охраны водных ресурсовССР Молдова. Под редакцией Р.П. Кацер. Кишинев: Штиинца,1991. -286 с.4. Зубкова Е.И. Распределение и миграция микроэлементовв бассейне р. Днестр. Автореферат диссертации …канд. географ.наук. Ростов-на-Дону, 1986.-24 с.5. Тома И.С., Рабинович И.С., Великсар С.Г. Микроэлементы иурожай. Кишинев: Штиинца, 1980. -172 с.6. Бумбу Я.В., Цуркан П.А., Вартичан И.И., Надкерничный Н.П.О запасах микроэлементов в иловых отложениях водоемов МССР.Изв. АН МССР. Кишинев, 1978, с. 68-71.7. Зубкова Е.И., Бызгу С.Е. Микроэлементы в донных отложенияхКучурганского водохранилища.– В кн.: Современное состояниеэкосистем рек и водохранилищ бассейна Днестра. Кишинев:Штиинца, 1986, с. 22-31.8. Rusu V., Lupaşcu T. Chimia sedimentelor acvatice. Proprietăţide suprafaţă. Modele fizico-chimice.– Ch.: Elena V.I., 2004.– 272 p.М. Kolisnichenko, N.N. MakarovaSchool № 6, <strong>Tiras</strong>polPUPILS’ CONCERN OF WATER POLUTION IN TMRДанная статья затрагивает некоторые проблемы экологии бассейна реки Днестр на территории ПМР. Авторы также вносятнекоторые предложения об улучшении существующей ситуации.The urgent solving of ecological problems is thestaple task of modern society as well as of the populationof Transnistrian Moldavian Rpublic. This is the reason ofwriting this report.For centuries man lived in harmony with nature untilthe industrialization brought human society into conflictwith the natural environment. Today the contradictionsbetween man and nature have accured a dramaticcharacter. With the development of civilization man’sinterference in nature has increased. Every year theworlds industry pollutes the atmosphere with millions oftons of dust and other harmful substances.Deficiency of water resources, which are not enoughto cover the needs of the population, economy andnatural ecosystems, is one of the major environmentalproblems both for Transnistria and Moldova as a whole.The Dniester river with its tributaries and undergroundwaters is the basic water resource of Tansnistia.Chemical analysis show that the Dniester river watershould be assigned to class III in terms of pollution(moderately polluted) and small river and streamwaters to class IV (polluted) and V (very polluted). TheDniester water is primarily contaminated with biogenicsubstances( such as phosphates, nitrites, ammoniumnitrogen) and phenols, oil products, synthetic surfactants.Copper impurities levels remain steadily high. The levelof microbiological contamination is also quite high.The deficiency of water resources is explained by thephysicogeographical features of the region, such as apoorly developed hydrographic network, lie of the ground,climatic conditions, low annual precipitation.As the regional economy overcomes the crisis,contamination of the Dniester with industrial wastes willincrease.Below there are major factors responsible forwater resources contamination:Discharge of undertreated or untreated sewage dueto a lack or low efficient operation of sewage works.Lack of sewage works at many storm water systems.Improper control over the quality of effluentsdischarged by industrial enterprises into the sewer on theside of the public utilities authorities.Washout of agrochemicals, pesticides and othercontaminating substances from the fields, storage areas,animal farms, spontaneous refuse dumpsLack of any, or non– compliance with the regulationsof use of water protection and sanitary zones.Underground waters are the main source for potablewater supply(90-99 %) the quality of water in the centralwater supply systems is generally meets the requirementsof the GOST, except foe the ardness and iron loads.The hygienic characteristics of water in the Dniesterriver at places of water use (mass recreation zones)continue getting worse.According to the bacteriological laboratory of theRepublican Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology, thepercents of seeding of cholera –like NAG germs is this:July-August achieved 68.8% for samples taken from theDniester water and even 75-80 % for the samples takennear Bendery, <strong>Tiras</strong>pol and Slobodzeya region.In 2000, the TMR Government adopted a resolution onTop-priority Urgent Measures on Protection, and RationalUse of Underground waters to regulate the matters relatedto complex use and protection of underground waterresources used for household and industrial purpose.The pupils of our school are also worried about theproper state of the river Dniester. The pure and drinkablewater of our river which we can call our vital source has— 101 —

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