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Cross-cutting CriteriaThe cross-cutting criteria, such as non-discrimination,participation, accountability, impact and sustainability,also have to be considered.Non-discrimination is central to human rights.Discrimination is prohibited on grounds of race, sex, age,religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,birth and disability. Proper public participation, meaningthe involvement of all relevant stakeholders, can help toavoid that discrimination will take place.Participation itself is one cross-cutting criterion. Allprocesses related to the planning, the design, the construction,the maintenance and the monitoring of waterand sanitation services should be participatory. This includesthe right to any information related to these issues,as well as the participation in the different decision-makingprocesses and the consideration of such when takingdecisions. It is important to include representatives of allconcerned individual, groups and communities in the participatoryprocesses.Furthermore, responsive and accountable institutionsare required for proper implementation of the right to waterand sanitation. A clear structure of responsibility andcoordination mechanisms between all different state andnon-state actors in the field of water and sanitation has tobe provided. Here again communities on all levels haveto have access to information and need to be able to participatein the decision-making processes related to theissues of water and sanitation. Furthermore, they shall bepart of the monitoring and evaluation which plays a significantrole in securing accountability. Accountability alsoincludes the right to accessible and effective judicial orother appropriate remedies in a case of violation.Impact and sustainability are the final two criteria. Goodpractices in water and sanitation have to be economically,environmentally and socially sustainable and their impactmust be continuous and long-lasting. As already laid downin the Rio Declaration sustainable solutions are best foundwith the participation of all concerned citizens.CONCLUSIONPublic participation plays a vital role for the realisationof the cross-cutting criteria. Thus, public participation isan underlying principle for the proper implementation ofthe human right to water and sanitation.This is reflected in the Protocol on Water and Healthas one of its core principles is public participation (seeArticle 5). The mechanism of setting targets and of reviewingthe same on a regular basis is an integral part ofthe principle and provides a flexible tool for the implementationof the Protocol and thus its aim to ensure, by linkingwater management and health issues, the adequate supplyof safe drinking water and adequate sanitation for all.Sensible issues, such as water and sanitation, needthe backing of the whole community. Public participationhelps to create citizens-oriented decisions and fosters livelydemocracy. However, the process is still handled verydifferently in many countries of the EECCA region. The developmentof a common understanding of what public participationmeans will deliver better results in the realisationof the human right to water and sanitation as well.Международный туристический проект«Все крепости Днестра»С.А. СухининПриднестровский государственный университет им. Т.Г. Шевченко, г. ТираспольS. SukhininThe international tourist project «All fortresses of DnIestEr»In this article the description of a route of the international tourist project is given «All fortresses of Dniester», its tourist potential comes to lightand possible ways of its realization to the separate centers of tourism on a course of its realization are defined.ВведениеПриднестровье обладает богатыми и разнообразнымирекреационными ресурсами, основу которыхсоставляет природный комплекс долины реки Днестр.Бассейн Днестра отличает разнообразие ландшафтов,обилие памятников истории и архитектуры различныхэпох и культур, что делает его привлекательнымдля туристов [8].Эффективное использование туристского потенциалаПриднестровья способно удовлетворитьпотребности в отдыхе как местного населения, таки граничащих и близких к ней регионов Молдовы,Украины, России. Однако в настоящее время туризмне играет большой роли в экономике региона [5]. Длявыхода из сложившейся ситуации главной целью деятельностив сфере туризма должно стать созданиев Приднестровье современного высокоэффективногои конкурентоспособного туристического комплекса,обеспечивающего широкие возможности для удовлетворенияпотребностей как местных, так и иностранныхграждан в разнообразных туристических услугах.В связи с этим актуальным является разработка ивнедрение на внешнем рынке международных туристическихмаршрутов, интегрирующих Приднестровьев состав туристических комплексов соседних областейУкраины (прежде всего Одесской и Винницкой) иприлежащих районов Республики Молдова [6].В связи с этим необходима разработка новоготуристического продукта, способствующего активизацииразвитию трансграничного сотрудничества настыке трех регионов и привлечению сюда туристов.В качестве такового, на наш взгляд, может выступитьмеждународный туристический проект «Все крепостиДнестра». Его программа предусматривает посещениедревних крепостей на берегу Днестра и сопредельныхместностей с целью знакомства с природой, населе-— 215 —