A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE ...

mistakenly plunges a deer hide into boiling water, shrinking and ruining the hide. She
had no idea that boiling water would ruin the hide. Her recounting and her statements to
her grandmother are littered with tokens of naa.
(115) naa as a hedge (Kegg 1991:160-163)
a) Gaawiin ingii-wiindamaagosiin, mii i'iw eta go gii-izhid ji-ningizwag
not she didn’t tell me DP that only EMPH she tells me to melt him/her
a’aw goon, ji-agonjimag a’aw waawaashkeshiwayaan.
that snow to soak him/her that deer hide
b) Waa, mii azhigwa gegaa go ondeg nibi, miish imaa agonjimag.
wow DP when almost EMPH it is boiling water then there I soak him/her
c) Mii go naa ezhi-odaapishkaad, ezhi-odaapishkaad.
DP EMPH DM then s/he shrinks then s/he shrinks
d) Enda-agaashiinyi.
s/he is really small
e) “Gaawiin wiikaa, aaniin naa izhiwebizid,” indinendam.
not ever what DM is happening with him/her I think
f) “Nimaamaanaan,” indinaa, “mii go naa gaa-izhi-odaapishkaad
grandma I tell her DP EMPH DM then s/he shrank
a’aw waawaashkeshiwayaan.
that deerhide
a) ‘She didn’t tell me much about it; she just told me to melt the snow to soak the
deerhide in it.
b) The water was about to boil and I put it in to soak.
c) It [naa] just shrank and shrank.
d) It got real small.
e) “Well, I never, what’s [naa] happening to it,” I thought.
f) “Grandma,” I said to her, “the deerhide [naa] shrank.”’
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