A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE ...

jiigikana imbaapi’idimin niinawind bimosed a’aw Zhimaaganish i'iw.
near the road we are laughing we when he walks by that Zhimaaganish that
b) Ingii-inenimigonaan ji-baap’angid gii-ikido.”
he thought of us as that we were laughing at him he said
c) Ke gaawiin gidaa-baapi’aasiig chi-aya’aag.
see not you should not laugh at them elders
d) Mii gaa-inendamaan iw.
that what I thought that
e) Miish ingii-nishki’aanaan akiwenzii, mii izhinoo’oyangid i'iw omitigom.
and then we made him mad old man DP him pointing at us that his stick
f) Gaa-zhi-wiindamawid nimaamaa, “Ambe wiib, wiib a’aw asemaa oodi
IC.PAST-RR-tell.3>1 my mom come on quickly quickly that tobacco over there
o-miizh akiwenzii, wiindamaw gaawiin baapi’aasiwad…”
go give it to him old man tell him not that you were not laughing at him
a) ‘And I told my dad and mom here where they were:
“Me and Biindigegaabaw were laughing near the road, laughing it up, when
Zhimaaganish walks by,
b) He thought we were laughing at him he said.”
c) You see, you shouldn’t laugh at elders.
b) That’s what I thought.
c) And then we went and made the old man angry, pointing his stick at us.
d) And my mom told me, “Come, hurry, hurry and go over there and give
him tobacco, tell him you weren’t laughing at him…”’
The eventline verbs gaa-zhi-wiindamawagwaa ‘and I told [dad and mom]’ and gaa-zhi-
wiindamawid ‘and [my mom] told me’ occur in (141a,f), but nestled in between these
events in (141c-e) is the narrator’s commentary which gives contextualization to these
events, i.e. that one should not laugh at elders, that he knew that, but that he and his
friend made the old man mad anyways. Within the background commentary, miish
occurs with independent order verb ingii-nishki’aanaan ‘we made him mad’, instead of
conjunct order inflection. Note, however, that when miish is involved with verbs
221