Atheism and Theism JJ Haldane - Common Sense Atheism
Atheism and Theism JJ Haldane - Common Sense Atheism
Atheism and Theism JJ Haldane - Common Sense Atheism
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74 J.J.C. Smart<br />
81 Cf. William James, Varieties of Religious Experience (New York: R<strong>and</strong>om House,<br />
1929), final chapter <strong>and</strong> postscript.<br />
82 See the article on Pascal by R.H. Popkin, in Paul Edwards (Editor in Chief),<br />
The Encyclopedia of Philosophy (New York: Collier-Macmillan, 1967).<br />
83 Bertr<strong>and</strong> Russell, Why I am not a Christian (Simon <strong>and</strong> Schuster, 1957). Edited<br />
by Paul Edwards with an Appendix on ‘The Bertr<strong>and</strong> Russell Case’.<br />
84 See William James, ‘The Will to Believe’, in his The Will to Believe <strong>and</strong> Other<br />
Essays in Popular Philosophy (London: Longmans Green, 1931), especially p. 6.<br />
85 See Pascal, Pensées, edited by Louis Lafuma <strong>and</strong> translated by H.T. Barnwell<br />
(London: Dent, 1973).<br />
86 Antony Flew, The Presumption of <strong>Atheism</strong> (London: Pemberton Publishing<br />
Company, 1976), ch. 1, p. 16, also ch. 5 (‘Is Pascal’s Wager the Only Safe<br />
Bet?’). Flew indicated that the idea of Pascal’s wager can be traced back to the<br />
Islamic philosopher AI-Ghazali.<br />
87 William James, ‘The Will to Believe’, p. 6.<br />
88 Ibid.<br />
89 William James, Varieties of Religious Experience, p. 22.<br />
90 Antony Flew, Hume’s Philosophy of Belief (London: Routledge <strong>and</strong> Kegan Paul,<br />
1961).<br />
91 See F. Waismann, ‘Verifiability’, in Antony Flew (ed.), Logic <strong>and</strong> Language,<br />
First Series (Oxford: Blackwell, 1951).<br />
92 I am here indebted to an unpublished paper by W. Ginnane.<br />
93 Thus my father calculated that there were neap tides at the time of the Spanish<br />
Armada. He did this on behalf of J. Holl<strong>and</strong> Rose. See the latter’s paper ‘Was<br />
the Failure of the Spanish Armada due to Storms?’, Proceedings of the British<br />
Academy, 22 (1936), 207–44, especially p. 226. (There is a misprint in the<br />
second footnote, where ‘E.M. Smart’ should be ‘W.M. Smart’.)<br />
94 D.E. Nineham, The Gospel according to St Mark (Harmondsworth: Pengum<br />
Books, 1972).<br />
95 Reprinted in F.H. Bradley’s Collected Essays, vol. 1 (Oxford: Clarendon Press,<br />
1935).<br />
96 Ibid., p. 20.<br />
97 Ibid., p. 20.<br />
98 Ibid., pp. 63–4.<br />
99 C.A.J. Coady, Testimony: A Philosophical Study (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992).<br />
100 First published 1819 anonymously. Quoted in Coady, Testimony: A Philosophical<br />
Study, p. 187.<br />
101 S.G.F. Br<strong>and</strong>on, Jesus <strong>and</strong> the Zealots (Manchester: Manchester University Press,<br />
1967). Also ‘The Jesus of History’, History Today, 12 (1962), 13–21, <strong>and</strong> ‘The<br />
Trial of Jesus’, History Today, 16 (1966), 251–9.<br />
102 See Leon Festinger et al., When Prophecy Fails (Minneapolis: Minnesota University<br />
Press, 1956).<br />
103 ‘Free Will as involving Determination <strong>and</strong> Inconceivable without it’, Mind, 43<br />
(1934), 1–27.<br />
104 J.L. Austin, Philosophical Papers, 2nd edn (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970), p. 180.