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Proceedings of the 44th Symposium on Ring Theory and ...

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Lemma 23. Under <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same assumpti<strong>on</strong>s <strong>on</strong> R as in Theorem 22, let 0 → L → M →<br />

N → 0 be a short exact sequence in CM(R). Then <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re are a finite number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> AR<br />

sequences in CM(R);<br />

0 → X i → E i → Y i → 0 (1 ≤ i ≤ n),<br />

such that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is an equality in G(CM(R));<br />

n∑<br />

L − M + N = (X i − E i + Y i ).<br />

i=1<br />

Here, G(CM(R)) = ⊕ Z · X where X runs through all isomorphism classes <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> indecomposable<br />

objects in CM(R).<br />

To prove this lemma, we c<strong>on</strong>sider <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> functor category Mod(CM(R)) <strong>and</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Ausl<strong>and</strong>er<br />

category mod(CM(R)) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> CM(R).<br />

□<br />

Remark 24. In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> paper [6], Yoshino introduced <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> order relati<strong>on</strong> ≤ hom as well. Adding<br />

to <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> assumpti<strong>on</strong> that R is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> finite Cohen-Macaulay representati<strong>on</strong> type, if we assume<br />

fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s <strong>on</strong> R, such as R is an integral domain <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> dimensi<strong>on</strong> 1 or R is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> dimensi<strong>on</strong><br />

2, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n he showed that ≤ hom is also equal to any <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ≤ AR , ≤ EXT <strong>and</strong> ≤ DEG .<br />

References<br />

1. M. Ausl<strong>and</strong>er <strong>and</strong> I. Reiten, Gro<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ndieck groups <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> algebras <strong>and</strong> orders. J. Pure Appl. Algebra<br />

39 (1986), 1–51.<br />

2. K. B<strong>on</strong>gartz, On degenerati<strong>on</strong>s <strong>and</strong> extensi<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> finite-dimensi<strong>on</strong>al modules. Adv. Math. 121<br />

(1996), 245–287.<br />

3. N. Hiramatsu <strong>and</strong> Y. Yoshino, Examples <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> degenerati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Cohen-Macaulay modules, to appear<br />

in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., arXiv1012.5346.<br />

4. I.G.Macd<strong>on</strong>ald, Symmetric functi<strong>on</strong>s <strong>and</strong> Hall polynomials, Sec<strong>on</strong>d editi<strong>on</strong>. With c<strong>on</strong>tributi<strong>on</strong>s by<br />

A. Zelevinsky, Oxford Ma<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>matical M<strong>on</strong>ographs. Oxford Science Publicati<strong>on</strong>s. The Clarend<strong>on</strong> Press,<br />

Oxford University Press, New York, 1995. x+475 pp.<br />

5. Y. Yoshino, Cohen-Macaulay Modules over Cohen-Macaulay <strong>Ring</strong>s, L<strong>on</strong>d<strong>on</strong> Ma<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>matical Society<br />

Lecture Note Series 146. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990. viii+177 pp.<br />

6. Y. Yoshino, On degenerati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Cohen-Macaulay modules. J. Algebra 248 (2002), 272–290.<br />

7. Y. Yoshino, On degenerati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> modules. J. Algebra 278 (2004), 217–226.<br />

8. Y. Yoshino, Degenerati<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> G-dimensi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> modules. Lecture Notes Pure Applied Ma<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>matics<br />

vol. 244, ‘Commutative algebra’ Chapman <strong>and</strong> Hall/CRC (2006), 259–265.<br />

9. Y. Yoshino, Stable degenerati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Cohen-Macaulay modules, to appear in J. Algebra (2011),<br />

arXiv1012.4531.<br />

10. G. Zwara, Degenerati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> finite-dimensi<strong>on</strong>al modules are given by extensi<strong>on</strong>s. Compositio Math.<br />

121 (2000), 205–218.<br />

Department <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> general educati<strong>on</strong>,<br />

Kure Nati<strong>on</strong>al College <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Technology,<br />

2-2-11 Agaminami, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-8506 JAPAN<br />

E-mail address: hiramatsu@kure-nct.ac.jp<br />

–67–

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