turkish phonology and morphology (türkçe ses ve b‹ç‹mb‹lg‹s‹)
turkish phonology and morphology (türkçe ses ve b‹ç‹mb‹lg‹s‹)
turkish phonology and morphology (türkçe ses ve b‹ç‹mb‹lg‹s‹)
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markers. -lAr is the plural morpheme, -(I)m is the person<br />
agreement marker (see agreement). Tafl›n is ambiguous:<br />
In a phrase like tafl›n a¤›rl›¤› it is case marked (geniti<strong>ve</strong>),<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
but in senin tafl›n it is in the nominati<strong>ve</strong> carrying person<br />
agreement.<br />
1 1<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
2 2<br />
It is your turn! Recall It that is your turn! in modal contexts accusati<strong>ve</strong><br />
3 3<br />
case may be used genericly. So there is in<br />
fact It is your turn! no difference It is between your turn! dondurma sevmez <strong>and</strong><br />
4 4<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
dondurmay› sevmez. The object is used as an abstract<br />
1 1<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
category noun. But in bu dondurmay› sevdi, it has a<br />
5 5<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
definite 2 reading because 2 of the time limitation marked<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
by It is your the turn! 6<strong>ve</strong>rb. 6 It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
1 1<br />
3 3<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn! 7 7 It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn! Kardefline It is your turn! has a benefacti<strong>ve</strong> reading. Masa<br />
2 2<br />
4 4<br />
It is your turn! is inanimate, It is your turn! so we cannot consider it as<br />
It is your turn! 8 8 It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
the entity 3 that can 3 benefit from the action. The dati<strong>ve</strong><br />
5 5<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
case in masaya in fact indicates directionality.<br />
It is your turn!<br />
9 9 It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
14 14<br />
6 6<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
10 They 10are<br />
It is your often turn!<br />
used interchangeably, but<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
25 25<br />
7 there 7is<br />
a slight difference between the two.<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
Kaça 11 is more about 11 It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your the turn! total price; whereas; kaçtan<br />
36 36<br />
8 8<br />
inquires It is your turn! the price for It is your per turn! item. This function of ablati<strong>ve</strong><br />
It It is your turn!<br />
12 12<br />
It It is your turn!<br />
seems It is your turn! to be related It is to your its turn!<br />
41 7 41<br />
7 partiti<strong>ve</strong> semantics focusing on<br />
9 9<br />
parts It is your turn! of a whole. It is your turn!<br />
It It is your turn!<br />
It It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn! 13 13 It is your turn!<br />
52 8 52<br />
8<br />
10<br />
10<br />
It It is your turn!<br />
Kardeflimin It It is your turn!<br />
bak›c›s› (objecti<strong>ve</strong> geniti<strong>ve</strong>),<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
63 9 63<br />
9<br />
11 Sezen 11 Aksu’nun son kasedi (geniti<strong>ve</strong> of<br />
origin), It It is your turn!<br />
Osmanl›n›n It It is your son turn!<br />
sultan› (appositi<strong>ve</strong> geniti<strong>ve</strong>),<br />
It is your turn! 10 74 10 74<br />
It is your turn!<br />
avukat›n 12 itiraz› (subjecti<strong>ve</strong> 12 geniti<strong>ve</strong>), a¤ac›n dallar›<br />
It It is your turn!<br />
It It is your turn!<br />
(partiti<strong>ve</strong>/part-whole It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn! geniti<strong>ve</strong>), çocu¤un bisikleti<br />
11 85 11 85<br />
13 13<br />
(geniti<strong>ve</strong>), anas›n›n k›z› (descripti<strong>ve</strong> geniti<strong>ve</strong>).<br />
It<br />
It is<br />
is your<br />
your turn!<br />
turn!<br />
It<br />
It is<br />
is your<br />
your turn!<br />
turn!<br />
12 96 12 96<br />
I. We ha<strong>ve</strong> seen that -lAr is typicaly used to<br />
It<br />
It is<br />
is your<br />
your turn!<br />
turn!<br />
It<br />
It is<br />
is your<br />
your turn!<br />
turn!<br />
10 7<br />
13 express 10 7<br />
13 the quantity of ‘more than one’. We<br />
also It is your turn! said that in formal It is your contexts turn! it is used to show respect.<br />
11 8 11 8<br />
Ambiguity of the gi<strong>ve</strong>n sentence can be explained by<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
referring It is your turn! to these two It is your functions.<br />
turn!<br />
9 9<br />
12 12<br />
a. The mayor has more than one wife.<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
b. The 10 mayor has 10 only one wife, but the speaker u<strong>ses</strong><br />
13 13<br />
the plural form out of respect.<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
11 11<br />
II. The morpheme order in nominals in Turkish is<br />
noun+number+pos<strong>ses</strong>si<strong>ve</strong>+case. It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn! Howe<strong>ve</strong>r, Anne-m-ler<br />
12 12<br />
(noun+pos<strong>ses</strong>si<strong>ve</strong>+number) seems to violate this<br />
generalization. It is your turn! This It is your is turn! the only case in Turkish that<br />
13 13<br />
switches the position of the pos<strong>ses</strong>si<strong>ve</strong> <strong>and</strong> number<br />
suffixes. It may be that -lAr does not con<strong>ve</strong>y its true<br />
function of plurality. It functions more like a derivational<br />
morpheme meaning family (-gil in some registers). If it<br />
really has a derivational function, then it can precede<br />
all other inflectional morphemes. Notice that if we want<br />
to pluralize the noun we ha<strong>ve</strong> to say anne-ler-im<br />
(noun+number+pos<strong>ses</strong>si<strong>ve</strong>)<br />
3 3<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
4 4<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
5 5<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
6 6<br />
Unit 7 - Grammatical Categories<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
7 7<br />
131<br />
It is your turn! Let’s first It is your try turn! to underst<strong>and</strong> what makes the<br />
8 8<br />
gi<strong>ve</strong>n examples ungrammatical.<br />
* It is git-im your turn!<br />
stem+person It is your turn! agr.<br />
9 9<br />
* git-idi-m stem+Type II <strong>ve</strong>rb+person agr.<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
* git-im-idi 1 1stem+person<br />
agr.+Type II <strong>ve</strong>rb<br />
10<br />
10<br />
* git-im-di stem+person agr.+Type I <strong>ve</strong>rb<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
These 2combinations 2<br />
11 11 of <strong>ve</strong>rbal categories are not good<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
enough It is your turn! 1 to form the 1 It minimal is your turn! <strong>ve</strong>rbal stem in Turkish. We<br />
It is your turn! 3 3 It is your turn!<br />
ha<strong>ve</strong> seen that <strong>ve</strong>rbs are marked for TAM, voice <strong>and</strong><br />
It is your turn! 12 12 It is your turn!<br />
agreement It is your turn! 2 categories. 2 It is your turn! Which ones are obligatory <strong>and</strong><br />
It is your turn! 4 4 It is your turn!<br />
in It is your what turn! 13 order? We 13know<br />
It is your turn! that voice is not an obligatory<br />
It is your turn! 3 3 It is your turn!<br />
category. It seems that only agreement, <strong>and</strong><br />
5 5<br />
combinations It is your turn! of Type It is your turn! II <strong>ve</strong>rbs <strong>and</strong> agreement are not<br />
It is your your turn!<br />
4 4 It is your turn!<br />
good enough. The last example having a Type I <strong>ve</strong>rb is<br />
61 1 61<br />
1<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
not good either, at least in that order. But if we change<br />
It is your your turn!<br />
51 51<br />
It is your turn!<br />
it to git-ti-m, 72 2 the result 72<br />
2 is grammatical. So, stem+Type I<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
<strong>ve</strong>rb+person agreement is the minimal condition.<br />
It is your your turn!<br />
62 62<br />
It is your turn!<br />
83 3 83<br />
3<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It It is your your turn!<br />
73 It can 73<br />
It It be is your turn! perfecti<strong>ve</strong> turn! in a context such as:<br />
94 4 9 Kim geldi? 4<br />
Annem geldi. But perfect in a<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
context It is your your turn!<br />
84 such as Annem 84<br />
It is your turn!<br />
geldi. Now that she is here we<br />
10 5 10 5<br />
can start cooking.<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your your turn!<br />
95 95<br />
It is your turn!<br />
11 6 11 6<br />
It is your turn! Zeynep’i It is your sinek turn!<br />
›s›rm›fl can be uttered upon<br />
It It is is your your turn!<br />
turn! 10 6 10 6 It seeing It is is your a your turn!<br />
turn! rash on her body (indirect<br />
12 7 12 7<br />
evidence: It is your turn!<br />
It inferential). It is your turn!<br />
It can also be said after being<br />
It 11 11<br />
It is is your your turn!<br />
turn! 7 7 It It is is your your turn!<br />
turn!<br />
reported that Zeynep was bitten by a mosquito (indirect<br />
13 8 13 8<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
evidence: It is your turn! hearsay). It is Zeynep’i your turn! sinek ›s›rd› can be uttered<br />
It is your turn!<br />
12<br />
8<br />
12<br />
8 It is your turn!<br />
upon 9 seeing a 9<br />
mosquito biting Zeynep (direct<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn! evidence).<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
9<br />
13<br />
9<br />
13 It is your turn!<br />
10<br />
10<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
10<br />
It is your turn!<br />
11 11<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
11<br />
It is your turn!<br />
11<br />
12 12<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
It is your turn!<br />
12 12 It is your turn!<br />
13 13<br />
Past in 10 present.<br />
If the speaker It is your turn!<br />
has stopped shopping in that<br />
store.<br />
It is your turn! No because It is your turn!<br />
-(I)yor is associated with<br />
13<br />
scheduled.<br />
13<br />
scheduled e<strong>ve</strong>nts. But this one is not
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