turkish phonology and morphology (türkçe ses ve b‹ç‹mb‹lg‹s‹)

Grammatical Categories ...................................................... 96
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 97
GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES ................................................................. 97
Nominal Categories ................................................................................... 98
Number..................................................................................................... 98
Gender.................................................................................................... 100
Case....................................................................................................... 100
Verbal and Nominal Categories ................................................................ 107
Agreement .........................................................................................107
Verbal Categories ......................................................................................109
Negation ............................................................................................109
Tense, Aspect, Mood (TAM) ............................................................109
Voice ..................................................................................................121
Summary ....................................................................................................127
Self-test .....................................................................................................128
Turkish Alive .............................................................................................129
References & Bibliography .......................................................................130
End Note ....................................................................................................130
Key to “it is your turn” .............................................................................130
Word Classes .........................................................................134
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................135
CLASSIFYING WORDS .............................................................................136
CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFYING WORDS ...................................................137
Semantic Criteria .......................................................................................137
Grammatical Criteria .................................................................................138
WORD CLASSES .......................................................................................138
Open Classes vs Closed Classes ..............................................................139
OPEN CLASSES IN TURKISH ...................................................................140
Nouns .........................................................................................................140
Criteria for Nounhood ......................................................................141
Verbs ..........................................................................................................142
Criteria for Verblood ........................................................................144
Adjectives ...................................................................................................145
Criteria for Adjectivehood ................................................................148
Adverbs ......................................................................................................149
Criteria for Adverbhood ...................................................................149
CLOSED CLASSES IN TURKISH ................................................................150
Postpositions .............................................................................................150
Pronouns ....................................................................................................152
Types of Pronouns ............................................................................153
Conjunctions ..............................................................................................154
Interjections ...............................................................................................156
Summary ....................................................................................................157
Self-test .....................................................................................................158
Turkish Alive .............................................................................................159
References & Bibliography .......................................................................160
End Note ...................................................................................................160
Key to “it is your turn” .............................................................................160
Key to “self-test”.............................................................. 163
Glossary.............................................................................. 165
Index ................................................................................. 175
‹çindekiler v
UNIT 7
UNIT 8