turkish phonology and morphology (türkçe ses ve b‹ç‹mb‹lg‹s‹)

It is your turn!
It is your turn!
1 1
It 36 is your turn!
Turkish Phonology It is your and turn! Morphology (Türkçe Ses ve Biçim Bilgisi)
2 2
It is your turn!
a) What are It the is your three turn! heights?
3 b) Fill in 3the
heights of the following vowels.
height
It is your turn!
4
a
i
E
It is your turn!
4
It is your turn!
5
µ
ø
It is your turn!
5
BACKNESS
It is your turn!
Backness It refers is your to turn! the position of the highest point of tongue body in the vocal
6 tract. As 6mentioned
above, height refers to how high or low the tongue is in
reference to [´]. Backness, on the other hand, refers to where in the oral tract the
It is your turn!
tongue has It the is your highest turn! point. Again, remember that these are relative to tongue
7 positions 7of
other vowels. For example, where is the highest point of the tongue
in the production of [´]? It is difficult to determine exactly the highest point of the
It is your turn!
8
tongue. We can illustrate front-back difference with pairs of vowels which are
It is your turn!
described as having the same height but with a front-back difference. High vowels
8
are such pairs that have front and back counterparts. Produce first /i/ then /µ/.
Notice how the highest point of your tongue moves back from /i/ to /µ/. /i/ is a
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
9
1
It is your turn!
high front vowel It is your turn! whereas /µ/ is a high back vowel. Try the reverse. Begin with
/µ/, then 9
1
gradually move to /i/. You should notice your tongue move towards the
front part of the mouth as you approach /i/. /y/ and /u/ are similar pairs in that
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
10
2
/y/ is a high It is front your turn! vowel whereas /u/ is a high back vowel. Begin with /y/ then
It is your turn!
move to 10 /u/. Have you noticed your tongue moving back to form /u/? When you
do the reverse,
2
you should feel your tongue move forward for /y/.
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
11
3
Backness It is has your three turn! degrees: Front, central, back. In Turkish, front vowels are
/i/, /y/, 11 and It is /E/. your There turn! is only one central vowel which is [a]. Back vowels are
/µ/, /u/, 3and
/o/.
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
12
4
It is your turn!
a) What are It the is your three turn! degrees of backness?
b) Fill in 12
4the
backness of the following vowels.
backness
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
13
5
u
y
µ
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
13
5
a
It is your turn!
6
ø
It is your turn!
6
ROUNDING
It is your turn!
In addition It is to your height turn! and backness, vowels are distinguished in terms of lip
7 position. 7In
the production of some vowels, the lips are protruded or rounded to
form what is called rounded vowels. For some vowels, the lips are not protruded,
It is your turn!
rather they It are is your spread. turn! Such vowels are called unrounded vowels. In Turkish,
8 rounding 8is
a parameter that distinguishes vowels.
In Turkish, there are two high front vowels, /i/ and /y/. The only difference
It is your turn!
between these It is your vowels turn! is rounding. /i/ is unrounded while /y/ is rounded. Produce
9 9
It is your turn!
10
It is your turn!
10
It is your turn! It is your turn!