turkish phonology and morphology (türkçe ses ve b‹ç‹mb‹lg‹s‹)

Unit 2 - Turkish Consonants
The different parts of the vocal tract are called articulators. Articulators are the
parts of the vocal tract that are used to produce sounds. Try to feel the different
parts of the vocal tract. The lips and teeth are obvious. The upper surface of the
mouth is called the roof of the mouth. Move the tip of your tongue along the roof
of your mouth. You should feel different structures. Now start from the back of
your teeth. You should feel a small protuberance behind your teeth. That is called
the alveolar ridge. As you roll your tongue back a bit, but keeping to the front
part of the roof of the mouth, you should feel a hard, bony structure. This is called
the hard palate. If you curl your tongue further back, you should feel a softer
structure called the soft palate or the velum. If your tongue does not curl back
that far, you can feel your velum with your finger. The velum is a muscular flap
which rises to shut off the nasal tract so that air exits through the mouth. When the
velum is lowered, the air goes out the nose. At the end of the velum there is a
small appendage hanging down. This appendage is called the uvula. The part
between the uvula and the larynx is called the pharynx. In Turkish, neither uvula
nor the pharynx is used to produce consonants. But these two articulators are
used to produce consonants in other languages.
In the lower part of the mouth there is the tongue. In the production of
consonants, different parts of the tongue are used depending on which part of the
roof of the mouth is used. The parts of the tongue are illustrated in Figure 2.3.
tip
blade
front
center
back
TONGUE
root
Figure 2.3
Parts of the tongue
Learn the names of the parts of the vocal tract. Write the names of It the is your vocal turn! organs in the
It is your turn!
figure below.
1 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1
2
8
3
10
9
4
11 12
13
14
5
6
7
Figure 2.4
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
2 2
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
3 3
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
4 4
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
5 5
It is your turn!
It is your turn!
6 6
17