Moral essays. With an English translation by J.W. Basore

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SENECAquanto Xerses facilior !Qui Pythio quinque filiorumpatri unius vacationem petenti, quem vellet eligerepermisit, deinde quem elegerat in partes duasdistractum ab utroque viae latere posuit et hacvictima lustravit exercitum. Habuit itaque quemdebuit exitum ; victus et late longeque fusus acstratam ubique ruinam suam cernens medius intersuorum cadavera incessit.1 17. Haec barbaris regibus feritas in ira fuit, quosnulla eruditio, nullus litterarum cultus imbuerat.Dabo tibi ex Aristotelis sinu regem Alexandrum. quiClitum carissimum sibi et una educatum inter epulastransfodit manu quidem sua, parum adulantem etpigre ex Macedone ac libero in Persicam servitutem2 transeuntem. Nam Lysimachum aeque familiarem lisibi leoni obiecit. Numquid ergo hie Lysimaehusfelicitate quadam dentibus leonis elapsus ob hoc,fj cum ipse regnaret, mitior fuit ? Nam TelesphorumRhodium amicum suum undique decurtatum, cumaures illi nasumque abscidisset, in cavea velut novumaliquod animal et invisitatum diu pavit, cum orisdetruncati mutilatique deformitas humanam faciemperdidisset ; accedebat fames et squalor et inluvies4 corporis in stercore suo destituti ; callosis super298
—ON ANGER, III. xvi. 4-xvii. 4^But how much kinder was Xerxes I For he, whenPythius, the father of five sons, begged for theexemption of one, permitted him to choose the onehe ^^ished ; then he tore into halves the son whohad been chosen, and placing a half on each side of theroad offered the body as an expiatory- sacrifice for thesuccess of the army. And so the army met the fateit deser\-ed. Defeated, routed far and wide, andseeing its o^vn destruction spread on every side,between two lines of the dead bodies of its comradesit trudged along.Such was the ferocity of barbarian kings whenin anger—men who had had no contact with learningor the culture of letters. But I shall now show youa king from the very bosom of Aristotle, evenAlexander, who in the midst of a feast with hisown hand stabbed Clitus, his dearest friend, ^\"ithwhom he had gro\\'n up, because he ^\^thheld hisflattery and was reluctant to transform himself froma Macedonian and a free man into a Persian slave.Lysimachus, likewise a familiar friend, he threw to alion. Though Lysimachus escaped by some goodluck from the lion's teeth, was he therefore, in viewof this experience, a whit more kind when he himselfbecame king ? Not so, for Telesphorus the Rhodian,his own friend, he completely mutilated, and whenhe had cut off his ears and nose, he shut him up in acage as if he were some strange and unknown animaland for a long time Hved in terror of him, since thehideousness of his hacked and mutilated face haddestroyed every appearance of a human being ; tothis were added starvation and squalor and the filthof a body left to wallow in its ovvti dung ; furthermore, his hands and knees becoming all calloused299
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THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARYEDITED BY
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finPrinted in Great Britain
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INTRODUCTIONSprung from the rich an
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—INTRODUCTIONin retirement. Three
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INTRODUCTIONAmbrosian manuscript ii
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1INTRODUCTIONby an exposition of th
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:SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHYEditions and Tr
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VOL. ISENECAMORAL ESSAYS
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THE DIALOGUES OFLUCIUS ANNAEUS SENE
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ON PROVIDENCE, i. 2-4on unhindered,
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ON PROVIDENCE, i. 4-ii. 1tionately
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-ON PROVIDENCE, n. 1-6maintains its
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ON PROVIDENCE, it. 6-10men God has
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—ON PROVIDENCE, ii. lO-iii. i" al
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—ON PROVIDENCE, iii. 1-2the thing
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SENECA6 Infelix est Mucius, quod de
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SENECAsenatorum capita et passim va
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!SENECA11 quae patitur vexat causa
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;SENECApostferatur. Grave est civil
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;SENECAmilites bello. Triumphum ego
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;SENECAtorpescunt, quos velut in ma
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SENECAvindicaverunt, cuius pedes in
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;SENECAferendo mari dura, agricolis
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SENECAversari et aequo animo ferre
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SENECAotium suum oblectet aut in po
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SENECApublica longus ordo rerum tra
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SENECAoportet ac deorsum eat, fluct
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;SENECAab illis removit, seelera et
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'SENECAmulta incidunt tristia, horr
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SENECA8 si homo tarn tarde moreretu
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LIBER IIAD SERENVMNEC INIVRIAM NEC
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jSENECAabscisa et conexa videri sol
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SENECAmonstra igne ac ferro persecu
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SENECAparum sana verba emittere et
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SENECAlacessitur, cum dubiae sint v
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SENECAve in altum exprimuntur, cum
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SENECAvexemur more puerorum, quibus
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;,SENECAperdet quod perire sensurus
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SENECAgladios et militarem in rapin
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SENECA6 Teneo, habeo quicquid mei h
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;SENECAhumani ingenii vanum decus n
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:SENECAerit, quamvis ilia adultera
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muneris, et malus nihilpotest dignu
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SENECAhominum potentium quos scit f
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SENECAiniuria, et movet et impellit
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:SENECAEst minor iniuria, quam quer
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;SENECAliberorumque amissio et patr
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SENECAQuare ? Quia qui facit contem
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SENECAforoque et in curia serio lud
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SENECAomnis hos, qui togati purpura
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SENECAcontigit, sed hostes teterrim
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SENECAcogitans et in pontibus quibu
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SENECAnumero vel magnitudine crever
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SENECA1 16. Quodsi Epicurus quoque,
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;SENECAquid dictum ridemus, coram p
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SENECAdedidicerat, cur isnon possit
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SENECAnon dico amico, sed tantum ma
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SENECAnumquam in uno homine etin un
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SENECAremedio utetur sapiens afFect
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LIBER IIIAD NOVATVMDE IRALIBER I1 1
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':SENECAvultus, tristis frons, torv
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SENECAconcitatio, quae nihil moveat
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SENECA4 tamquam aut curam nostram d
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SENECA3 telis finitio non niultum a
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SENECAregium est illud et principal
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;SENECAdictorumque amaritudinem efi
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SENECAnon enim nocet sed medetur sp
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SENECA4 perire etiam pereuntis inte
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;SENECAmodum cogere, id vero retine
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SENECAque illi aliquod voluntate no
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;ISENECAQuando ? Cum iam ira evanes
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SENECAindomitamque intellego ; si n
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SENECA4 " Ita," inquit, " utilis ad
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SENECA4 perpetuum caeli rigorem ? H
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jSENECA8 ferro ipsi suo caderent. N
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SENECAbene praebetur, si vitreum fr
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iSENECAnemo dicet meliorem futuram,
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;'SENECAmelior quisque, hoc iracund
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SENECAest, cur oderim eum, cui turn
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;SENECAcontineberis.^ Tibi fortius
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SENECAnee infestus sed vultu legis
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SENECAitaque suspiciones quasdam et
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SENECAnova genera poenarum versaver
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SENECAsi ingeritur oculis Veritas,
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SENECAnationis commilitoni fuisti ;
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,SENECArevertitur ? Tenentur itaque
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: "SENECAtractandam, potestatem vit
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;SENECAoptaverit, ut odio esset, an
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!—SENECAquidem sine missione, Hom
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LIBER IVAD NOVATVMDE IRA1 1. Primus
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SENECA4 moveatur quaerimus. Nobis p
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SENECAtacula et lectiones rerum vet
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'SENECA2 et liunc fortuitum motum p
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SENECA1 4. Et ut scias quemadmodum
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SENECAfrequenti exercitatione et sa
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SENECA2 Nee umquam eommittet virtus
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;SENECAet impudentis et ob ista fel
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;;SENECAtinent, hi mutua laceration
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SENECAresetincendiatotas urbes conc
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SENECAest excusatio et iustior homi
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!jSENECAnon in silvestribus dumis p
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SENECApotiora sunt, nee hoc sapient
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:SENECAinsidias agat, ab ipso efFec
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:;SENECAsomno vigiliam indefatigabi
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;SENECA2 piano adeuntur, Non vanae
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'SENECA3 Pyrrhum maximum praeceptor
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SENECAmisericordia et amor et verec
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SENECA3 bus, ut solus imitetur, sol
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:SENECArepellere, aliter compescere
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;SENECApaulatim crescit ira, quia n
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SENECAcalentibus ingeniis subtrahas
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SENECAsic inter utrumque regendus e
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SENECAiracundiam nutrit, ubi aures
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SENECA2 sunt. Contra primas itaque
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;SENECAmosius Alexander ! Qui cum l
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SENECAapparuerit, obiurgemus credul
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ISENECANulla itaque res magis iracu
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;SENECAet arte tractandi quaedam qu
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SENECApoena ; succurrat non tantum
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;SENECAtalitatis patimur quidquid i
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:SENECA8 qui non pepercit suae. Ali
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;SENECAutrique parti dares actionem
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;:SENECA2 cede iustitiae, si innoce
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;SENECAedere ? Quid novi est, si in
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SENECAsi nocere velint manus pedibu
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;SENECA" me percussum." Melius puta
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SENECAtioribus capillis offensus, r
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discedere ;et comis adulescens ;SEN
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;SENECAiram amicitia mutare ? Quos
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;SENECAadfectus facies turbatior ;p
Page 268 and 269: SENECA6 infestam pariter invisamque
Page 270 and 271: SENECAluminum suffudit aciem in ocu
Page 272 and 273: ;LIBER VAD NOVATVMDE IRALIBER III1
Page 274 and 275: SENECApossunt, huius incitata et se
Page 276 and 277: SENECAquam inter barbaros potens,no
Page 278 and 279: SENECAdeinde magna clade temeritate
Page 280 and 281: ;SENECAcomitemque dat consilia, sin
Page 282 and 283: SENECAomni calore ac spiritu verso
Page 284 and 285: ;SENECAiracundiam dicant et vulgo c
Page 286 and 287: SENECAilia sua voluptate fruitur, h
Page 288 and 289: ;SENECAAut potentior te aut imbecil
Page 290 and 291: SENECAretineri, aliubi respergi, it
Page 292 and 293: SENECAaliquid conaberis, te simul e
Page 294 and 295: SENECAque inter placida dediscitur.
Page 296 and 297: SENECA7 sario desit. Eligamus ergo
Page 298 and 299: is ;SENECAconsumit enim quidquid in
Page 300 and 301: SENECAlumen nervorumque trepidatio
Page 302 and 303: SENECA2 Circumscribenda multis modi
Page 304 and 305: SENECAan praemium, sibi morem gesse
Page 306 and 307: .SENECAsibi in suos potestatem et o
Page 308 and 309: SENECAquod iram suam multi intelleg
Page 310 and 311: ille :SENECA" Ut scias," inquit, "
Page 312 and 313: SENECA5 Non male dixit regi, nullum
Page 314 and 315: SENECAhoc sortitis vitae genus et a
Page 316 and 317: SENECAerimus statu, removeamus. Per
Page 320 and 321: . i SENECAhaec'genibus manibusque,
Page 322 and 323: SENECAPapinium, cui pater erat cons
Page 324 and 325: SENECAsupplicium ? Cum latrocinia t
Page 326 and 327: ;SENECAin Syria, unde Rhinocolura l
Page 328 and 329: SENECA1 21. Hie iratus fuit genti e
Page 330 and 331: ;SENECA1 22. Et haec cogitanda sunt
Page 332 and 333: SENECAfuisse, nisi expediret iis do
Page 334 and 335: SENECAperseveranti domo sua interdi
Page 336 and 337: ;SENECAvenientem usque ad me murmur
Page 338 and 339: SENECAipse se castigabit. Denique d
Page 340 and 341: ISENECAtamen non erit ; maxima est
Page 342 and 343: ;ISENECAulcisci ! Multum temporis u
Page 344 and 345: SENECArenovaveris, sua sponte ira d
Page 346 and 347: SENECAutrum aliquis voluntati meae
Page 348 and 349: SENECAsequimur, deinde, quamvis van
Page 350 and 351: ;"SENECAVoluit quidem ille—^neque
Page 352 and 353: SENECAinter voluptates est superess
Page 354 and 355: !;SENECAnibus tradit ; haec est san
Page 356 and 357: ISENECAsuspiciones et interpretatio
Page 358 and 359: SENECA3 tudinis ? In hoc habes aure
Page 360 and 361: ,SENECAinterrogaret animum suum : "
Page 362 and 363: SENECAvictus memento ; solutior est
Page 364 and 365: SENECAinimicus esset.Vis tu aequo a
Page 366 and 367: SENECAne recidat ; ipsum quoque imp
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SENECAquemadmodum fecit divus Augus
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SENECAvolgus animosa miratur et aud
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SENECAfebris aut aliquod aliud malu
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;SENECAmortem optas ? Etiam te quie
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;AD NERONEM CAESAREMDE CLEMENTIALIB
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SENECAad nutum meum stringentur ;qu
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;SENECApum concessam concupisti inn
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SENECAfessionem, qua nulla in homin
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;SENECAhibenda moderatio est, quae
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SENECAomnes tarn supra se esse quam
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:SENECAregitur, illius ratione flec
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SENECA1 5. Longius videtur recessis
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SENECAexcanduit, ne deprecaturus es
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SENECAlatissima itinera sine interm
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;SENECA•perniciem ? Et quis regum
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SENECAeorum, qui in turba, quam non
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SENECAlatius quam nocent, non sine
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SENECAest, et ubi et quando et quem
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SENECAausos pudet. Nunc tempta, quo
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SENECAperandum nihil praeter me obs
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SENECAtulit ornamenta principis ret
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SENECAdeduxerit senectutem plus qua
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SENECASolent ? " Sed quotiens id fi
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SENECAtimeri vult, quia invisus est
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mutare mores.SENECAHoc enim inter c
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SENECAillo homines secreto loquuntu
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SENECAderit, reponere cupiat, et in
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atur, petit,SENECAut sententiam sua
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SENECANemo regi tarn vilis sit, ut
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SENECA1 17. Nullum animal morosius
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SENECAiubet. Quanto iustius iubet h
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SENECAest regem, quod et ex aliis a
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SENECAquo non captatur, peti se iud
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;SENECAintueamur venerantes colente
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SENECAadfert ei, qui accepit iniuri
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;SENECA4 dignum esset victore, apud
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;regentis ;viro constituitur.SENECA
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SENECAturpia sunt multa supplicia q
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;SENECAextendatur dolor, delectatur
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SENECAet ei, quibus inminebat, exsc
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SENECAhabet, quo plus se exercitat,
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AD NERONEM CAESAREMDE CLEMENTIALIBE
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SENECAtionem omnium mortalium mitte
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SENECAest, qui se mortuo terrain mi
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SENECAsed nulla virtus virtuti cont
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SENECAincidimus,^ per speciem cleme
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;SENECAcredit ; aegritudo autem in
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SENECAmune auxilium natus ac bonum
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;SENECAiudicio dicam " : Ei ignosci
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;SENECA4 De verbo, ut mea fert opin
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SENECAHildehertus Cenomanensis ep.
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;INDEX OF NAMES{The references are
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;INDEX OF NAMESDemochares (Athenian
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;;INDEX OF NAMESpendent monarchy, w
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INDEX OF NAMESsul in A.D. 5 and sev
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THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARYCICERO :
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'THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARYARISTOPH
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THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARYPLATO: LA
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^ 1 1THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARYCICE
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PLEASE DO NOT REMOVECARDS OR SLIPS
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