POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY TN

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c. Third Stage: Rural: Villages; Urban: Zones/Wards/Slums Within the block, allocation of funds should be done villages or groups of villages again in proportion of total beneficiary population. Gram Panchayats should decide through Gram Sabha: i. Given their entitlement, what schemes (central and centrally sponsored) they would like to administer, and ii. Village level schemes should be administered by them. For schemes that have individual beneficiaries, the beneficiaries may be identified by the Gram Panchayat by looking at SC/ST/Antyodaya/ agricultural landless labourers/single parent households. First priority may be given to families at the intersection of any two criteria, i.e., households that satisfy at least two criteria. d. Fourth State: Households/Individuals There is a major need to improve household level targeting separately for urban and rural areas. The preferred method for such an exercise should be to use the NSS data to generate a set of indicators that provide more targeting power and which could be easily verifiable at reasonable cost. As far as possible, composite indices should not be used. Instead separate indicators for different aspects like health, education, income, and gender issues should be used for different programmes. It will be useful to supplement the listing in BPL Census by additional information. At the village level, the Gram Panchayat may offer the best information. In urban areas this may be more difficult. And NGOs may have a significant role in providing the needed information. For schemes that have individual beneficiaries, the beneficiaries may be identified by the Gram Panchayat by looking at SC/ST/Antyodaya/ agricultural landless labourers/single parent households. First priority may be given to families at the inter-section of any two criteria, i.e., households that satisfy at least two criteria. 6.4 Central and Centrally Sponsored Schemes a. Major Centrally Sponsored Schemes A number of central and centrally sponsored schemes, aimed at one or the other dimension of deprivation (income, health, education, and gender), have evolved over time. These schemes are characterized by many short comings relating to (1) multiplicity schemes for similar or comparable objectives, (2) faulty allocation among states, (3) bypassing state governments in administering these schemes, and (4) implementation 134
inefficiencies. Some of the major centrally sponsored schemes, particularly affecting the rural poor, are listed in Table 6.5. Table 6.5: Some Major Central and Centrally Sponsored Poverty Reduction Schemes Income Generating Schemes Asset Generating Other Schemes Schemes National Rural Employment Bharat Nirman Aam Admi Bima Yojana (AABY) Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Pradhan Mantri Gram Rajeev Gandhi Gram Vidyutikaran Yojana (SJGSY) Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) Yojana (RGGVY) Sampoorna Grameen Swarozgar Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) Yojana (SGSY) National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS) Some of the major schemes aimed at providing health and education services are listed in Table 6.6. Table 6.6: Schemes for Health, Education, and Safe Drinking Water Health Education Water Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) National Programme of Mid-day Meals in Schools (Also impacts on education) Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) Universal Immunization Programme Pulse Polio Immunization Programme National Programme for Education of Girls at Elementary Education (NPEGEL) Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV) Scheme for Universalisation of Secondary Education Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM) National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme National Aids Control Programme Some of the major national schemes some Tamil Nadu schemes are briefly discussed below: a1. Midday Meal Scheme: Universal Coverage The National Programme of Mid-Day Meals in Schools covers approximately 9.70 crore children studying at the primary stage of education in 9.50 lakh schools. The programme was extended, with effect from 1.10.2007, to children in the upper primary stage of education (classes VI-VIII) in 3479 Educationally Backward Blocks (EBBs). The programme provides a mid-day meal of 450 calories and 12 grams of protein to children at the primary stage. For children at the upper primary stage, the nutritional value is 135
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MONOGRAPH 6/2010 MDGs-BASED POVERTY
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MONOGRAPH 6/2010 March 2010 Price:
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CONTENTS Acknowledgements Contents
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List of Tables Table 1.1 Millennium
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Table 5.10 Status of Urban Water Su
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Appendix 1.12 Maternal Mortality an
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MDGs-Based Poverty Reduction: Main
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. In terms of share of below povert
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of expenditure on public goods like
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households or individuals. For each
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Chapter 1 ISSUES AND INITIAL CONDIT
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The first three goals relate to era
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. Poverty in Tamil Nadu: Inter-stat
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and the urban poverty ratio was sli
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the total poor accounted for a prog
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physical development of people. Mor
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Table 1.11: Millennium Development
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indicates that Tamil Nadu will achi
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However, there is a scope for meeti
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status of malnutrition. The accepte
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The under-five mortality rate-U5MR
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(iv) HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Di
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3. While Tami Nadu has done compara
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Chapter 2 REDUCING POVERTY: THE MAC
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est of the economy indicates the ex
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share of the tertiary sector in Tam
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Chart 2.1: Sectoral Growth in Tamil
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policies are in place to absorb lar
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In the context of interface between
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Table 2.7: Decomposition of the Hea
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Dutt are not so relevant for predic
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The SDE estimates vary across the s
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Chart 2.3 highlights that agricultu
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2.6 Summary In summary the followin
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Chapter 3 FISCAL REFORMS FOR POVERT
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Bardhan (1996) emphasizes that ofte
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atio of government employees to pop
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Table 3.2: Tamil Nadu in Inter-stat
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Chart 3.4: Own Tax Revenues Relativ
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collected by state-owned enterprise
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Chart 3.5: Capital Outlay as percen
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The Fiscal Policy Strategy Statemen
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f. Pension and Salary Expenditures
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10 it is kept at 40 percent to acco
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Government of Tamil Nadu has to sub
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Chapter 4 COPING WITH SPATIAL IMBAL
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In order to focus on the deficient
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Chart 4.2 indicates the arrangement
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Chart 4.5: Human Development Index:
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Table 4.4: Index of Gender Deficien
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Districts Table 4.7: Health Facilit
Page 105 and 106: Regarding access costs in availing
Page 107 and 108: 4.6 Incidence of Poverty: District
Page 109 and 110: district followed by Villupuram and
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Page 113 and 114: Districts Table 4.13: Implementatio
Page 115 and 116: Table 4.14: Share of BPL Population
Page 117 and 118: Table 4.16: Block -wise Gross Acces
Page 119 and 120: Table 4.18: Block-wise IMR in Thiru
Page 121 and 122: 8. For provision of safe drinking w
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 5 WATER, LAND AND AGRICULTU
Page 125 and 126: 5.2 Water: Key Issues in Tamil Nadu
Page 127 and 128: Table 5.3: Sources of Water Supply
Page 129 and 130: funding under the Water Resources C
Page 131 and 132: In 2006-7, 65.83 percent of habitat
Page 133 and 134: the major cause for poor maintenanc
Page 135 and 136: about 30 litre per capita per day (
Page 137 and 138: 2006-07). However, total area under
Page 139 and 140: nearly 3.5 times as high as the pri
Page 141 and 142: 5.4 Agriculture: Key Issues Agricul
Page 143 and 144: Table 5.19: Productivity (Yield) of
Page 145 and 146: Only rice and sugarcane received ir
Page 147 and 148: iv. There are severe water quality
Page 149 and 150: Chapter 6 LAST MILE REACH STRATEGIE
Page 151 and 152: targeting as a device to improve ef
Page 153 and 154: eneficiaries and of delivering prog
Page 155: In the nighbourhood of the poverty
Page 159 and 160: Tamil Nadu is close to achieving un
Page 161 and 162: programmes. It is the only Self Emp
Page 163 and 164: districts in Tamil Nadu. Namadhu Gr
Page 165 and 166: 6.5 Reaching Households and Individ
Page 167 and 168: proposition more insurable, a group
Page 169 and 170: line to post-office saving banks or
Page 171 and 172: each the urban poor who live in slu
Page 173 and 174: Eleventh Plan (2007) observes: “O
Page 175 and 176: i. provide financial assistance for
Page 177 and 178: unemployed or underemployed poor by
Page 179 and 180: Services Prepare detailed water sup
Page 181 and 182: Chapter 7 SUMMARY AND FORMULATION O
Page 183 and 184: positive and relatively high. The b
Page 185 and 186: 3. In terms of composition of BPL p
Page 187 and 188: holdings are smaller than 4 hectare
Page 189 and 190: There are considerable inter-distri
Page 191 and 192: Table 7.1: Adjustment during 2007-0
Page 193 and 194: R i =(I a +I max -I i )/(I a +I max
Page 195 and 196: line to post-office saving banks or
Page 197 and 198: d. Targeting As far as rural areas
Page 199 and 200: 7.6 Urban Poverty Reduction Strateg
Page 201 and 202: Fund, GoTN has created Tamil Nadu I
Page 203 and 204: Some initiative by Government of Ta
Page 205 and 206: • Addressing urban poverty allevi
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land. There is need to develop a sc
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REFERENCES Agarwal, S.P. (2005),
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Deaton, Angus and Alessandro Tarozz
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Himmelfarb, G. (1984), The Idea of
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Report of the Working Group on Urba
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APPENDIX TABLES Appendix Table 1.1:
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Appendix Table 1.1 (contd.): Millen
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Appendix Table 1.2 (a): Poverty Lin
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Appendix Table 1.3: Poverty Gap Est
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Appendix Table 1.5: Head Count Rati
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Appendix Table 1.6 (contd.): Progre
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Appendix Table 1.8: Women’s Malnu
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Appendix Table 1.10: Child Mortalit
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Appendix Table 1.11 (contd.): State
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Appendix Table1.12 (contd.): Matern
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Appendix Table 2.3: Decomposition o
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and Publicity Relief from Natural C
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Appendix Table 4.3: Demography Rela
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Appendix Table 4.5: Health Faciliti
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Sl. No Appendix Table 4.7: Efficien
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Appendix Table 4.9: Employment unde
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Appendix Table 5.1: Major and Mediu
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Appendix Table 7.1: Indices for Dis
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ANNEXURES 231
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Monotonicity Sensitivity Axiom Mono
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component of the poverty line is th
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Fuchs (1969), while advocating the
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H = m/n (2) The head count ratio ig
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Annexure 1.3 UNIFORM RECALL PERIOD
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‣ Periyar became Erode; ‣ Tirun
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Women Receiving 3 Or More ANC Visit
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In Sivagangai, as per 2001 census,
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Table 4.3: Block wise Gender Wise G
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Block Table 4.6: Trained Teachers a
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Annexure 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUE
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Annexure 6.1 NOTES ON SELECTED CENT
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10. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalay
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