POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY TN

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Table 2.2 indicates sectoral shares of employment and corresponding growth rates in recent years. It can be seen that the growth in agriculture employment during 1993-94 to 1999-00 and 1999-00 to 2004-05 has been negative. At successive 5 year intervals, the agriculture share in total employment has progressively come down. Correspondingly, shares of other sectors have gone up. b. Sectoral Growth Pattern Table 2.3 shows the sectoral growth pattern. The average growth in the primary sector and particularly in agriculture has been low. The average annual growth rate in agriculture was about 2 percent during 1994-95 to 2006-07. In the first four years of the current decade, growth rates of the primary sector and agriculture have been negative. Table 2.3: Average Annual Growth Rates: GSDP at Constant Prices (Percent) Sectors 1994-95 to 1998-99 1999-00 to 2003-04 2004-05 to 2006-07 1994-95 to 2006-07 Primary of which 3.073 -4.173 7.825 2.051 Agriculture 3.232 -5.267 8.462 1.951 Secondary of which 5.811 4.723 6.898 5.638 Manufacturing 4.365 4.855 9.282 5.482 Tertiary 9.687 5.665 8.589 7.996 GSDP at 1999-00 prices 6.780 3.645 7.977 6.002 Population 1.070 0.915 0.820 0.949 State Per Capita Income (Rs.) 5.650 2.705 7.099 5.006 Source (Basic Data): Government of India, Central Statistical Organisation, various issues. As depicted in Chart 2.1, agriculture is characterized by low average growth rate with high volatility. During 1994-95 to 2006-07, the average growth rate has been about 5.6 percent in the secondary sector and close to 8 percent in the tertiary sector. There are signs that the Tamil Nadu economy has emerged out the recession of the early years of the decade with the overall GSDP growth during 2004-05 to 2006-07 close to 8 percent per annum on average. Chart 2.1 shows the sectoral growth pattern in Tamil Nadu, bringing out the sectoral volatility of the primary sector and the fact that all the sectors went through a recession in recent years, but growth is now picking up. The formulation of a medium to long term fiscal strategy requires to take into account the changing structure of the state economy. 32
Chart 2.1: Sectoral Growth in Tamil Nadu Table 2.4 shows the likely sectoral structure of the Tamil Nadu economy with alternative assumptions regarding growth rates during 2014-15 and 2019-20. In the first case, when historical growth rates are used, the share of agriculture may shrink to about 8 percent in 2014-15 and further to 6 percent by 2019-20. Table 2.4: Changing Structure of GSDP in Tamil Nadu: Future Outlook Alternative Scenarios: Shares in 2014-15 and 2019-20 (Percent) Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Sectors Growth Matrix Shares in 2014-15 Shares in 2019-20 Growth Matrix Shares in 2014-15 Shares in 2019-20 Primary of which 2.05 9.57 7.25 4.00 9.10 6.60 Agriculture 1.95 7.99 6.01 4.00 7.65 5.55 Secondary 5.64 25.96 24.18 8.00 25.31 23.03 Tertiary 8.00 64.47 68.57 11.00 65.60 70.37 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Source: Computed by authors. The next case (scenario) is based on more optimistic projections of growth rate in agriculture. Even with 4 percent growth rate, which may prove to be difficult to sustain over a long period unless accompanied by increased investment in agriculture and complementary high growth rates in the industrial and service sectors, the share of agriculture goes down to a little more than 7.5 percent by 2014-15. These structural changes have significant implications for the growth of employment in the economy. 33
Page 1:
MONOGRAPH 6/2010 MDGs-BASED POVERTY
Page 5 and 6: MONOGRAPH 6/2010 March 2010 Price:
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS Acknowledgements Contents
Page 9 and 10: List of Tables Table 1.1 Millennium
Page 11 and 12: Table 5.10 Status of Urban Water Su
Page 13 and 14: Appendix 1.12 Maternal Mortality an
Page 15 and 16: MDGs-Based Poverty Reduction: Main
Page 17 and 18: . In terms of share of below povert
Page 19 and 20: of expenditure on public goods like
Page 21 and 22: households or individuals. For each
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 1 ISSUES AND INITIAL CONDIT
Page 25 and 26: The first three goals relate to era
Page 27 and 28: . Poverty in Tamil Nadu: Inter-stat
Page 29 and 30: and the urban poverty ratio was sli
Page 31 and 32: the total poor accounted for a prog
Page 33 and 34: physical development of people. Mor
Page 35 and 36: Table 1.11: Millennium Development
Page 37 and 38: indicates that Tamil Nadu will achi
Page 39 and 40: However, there is a scope for meeti
Page 41 and 42: status of malnutrition. The accepte
Page 43 and 44: The under-five mortality rate-U5MR
Page 45 and 46: (iv) HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Di
Page 47 and 48: 3. While Tami Nadu has done compara
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 2 REDUCING POVERTY: THE MAC
Page 51 and 52: est of the economy indicates the ex
Page 53: share of the tertiary sector in Tam
Page 57 and 58: policies are in place to absorb lar
Page 59 and 60: In the context of interface between
Page 61 and 62: Table 2.7: Decomposition of the Hea
Page 63 and 64: Dutt are not so relevant for predic
Page 65 and 66: The SDE estimates vary across the s
Page 67 and 68: Chart 2.3 highlights that agricultu
Page 69 and 70: 2.6 Summary In summary the followin
Page 71 and 72: Chapter 3 FISCAL REFORMS FOR POVERT
Page 73 and 74: Bardhan (1996) emphasizes that ofte
Page 75 and 76: atio of government employees to pop
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.2: Tamil Nadu in Inter-stat
Page 79 and 80: Chart 3.4: Own Tax Revenues Relativ
Page 81 and 82: collected by state-owned enterprise
Page 83 and 84: Chart 3.5: Capital Outlay as percen
Page 85 and 86: The Fiscal Policy Strategy Statemen
Page 87 and 88: f. Pension and Salary Expenditures
Page 89 and 90: 10 it is kept at 40 percent to acco
Page 91 and 92: Government of Tamil Nadu has to sub
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 4 COPING WITH SPATIAL IMBAL
Page 95 and 96: In order to focus on the deficient
Page 97 and 98: Chart 4.2 indicates the arrangement
Page 99 and 100: Chart 4.5: Human Development Index:
Page 101 and 102: Table 4.4: Index of Gender Deficien
Page 103 and 104: Districts Table 4.7: Health Facilit
Page 105 and 106:
Regarding access costs in availing
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4.6 Incidence of Poverty: District
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district followed by Villupuram and
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household willing to do public work
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Districts Table 4.13: Implementatio
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Table 4.14: Share of BPL Population
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Table 4.16: Block -wise Gross Acces
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Table 4.18: Block-wise IMR in Thiru
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8. For provision of safe drinking w
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Chapter 5 WATER, LAND AND AGRICULTU
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5.2 Water: Key Issues in Tamil Nadu
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Table 5.3: Sources of Water Supply
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funding under the Water Resources C
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In 2006-7, 65.83 percent of habitat
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the major cause for poor maintenanc
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about 30 litre per capita per day (
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2006-07). However, total area under
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nearly 3.5 times as high as the pri
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5.4 Agriculture: Key Issues Agricul
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Table 5.19: Productivity (Yield) of
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Only rice and sugarcane received ir
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iv. There are severe water quality
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Chapter 6 LAST MILE REACH STRATEGIE
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targeting as a device to improve ef
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eneficiaries and of delivering prog
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In the nighbourhood of the poverty
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inefficiencies. Some of the major c
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Tamil Nadu is close to achieving un
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programmes. It is the only Self Emp
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districts in Tamil Nadu. Namadhu Gr
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6.5 Reaching Households and Individ
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proposition more insurable, a group
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line to post-office saving banks or
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each the urban poor who live in slu
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Eleventh Plan (2007) observes: “O
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i. provide financial assistance for
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unemployed or underemployed poor by
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Services Prepare detailed water sup
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Chapter 7 SUMMARY AND FORMULATION O
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positive and relatively high. The b
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3. In terms of composition of BPL p
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holdings are smaller than 4 hectare
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There are considerable inter-distri
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Table 7.1: Adjustment during 2007-0
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R i =(I a +I max -I i )/(I a +I max
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line to post-office saving banks or
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d. Targeting As far as rural areas
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7.6 Urban Poverty Reduction Strateg
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Fund, GoTN has created Tamil Nadu I
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Some initiative by Government of Ta
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• Addressing urban poverty allevi
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land. There is need to develop a sc
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REFERENCES Agarwal, S.P. (2005),
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Deaton, Angus and Alessandro Tarozz
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Himmelfarb, G. (1984), The Idea of
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Report of the Working Group on Urba
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APPENDIX TABLES Appendix Table 1.1:
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Appendix Table 1.1 (contd.): Millen
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Appendix Table 1.2 (a): Poverty Lin
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Appendix Table 1.3: Poverty Gap Est
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Appendix Table 1.5: Head Count Rati
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Appendix Table 1.6 (contd.): Progre
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Appendix Table 1.8: Women’s Malnu
Page 231 and 232:
Appendix Table 1.10: Child Mortalit
Page 233 and 234:
Appendix Table 1.11 (contd.): State
Page 235 and 236:
Appendix Table1.12 (contd.): Matern
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Appendix Table 2.3: Decomposition o
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and Publicity Relief from Natural C
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Appendix Table 4.3: Demography Rela
Page 243 and 244:
Appendix Table 4.5: Health Faciliti
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Sl. No Appendix Table 4.7: Efficien
Page 247 and 248:
Appendix Table 4.9: Employment unde
Page 249 and 250:
Appendix Table 5.1: Major and Mediu
Page 251 and 252:
Appendix Table 7.1: Indices for Dis
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ANNEXURES 231
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Monotonicity Sensitivity Axiom Mono
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component of the poverty line is th
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Fuchs (1969), while advocating the
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H = m/n (2) The head count ratio ig
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Annexure 1.3 UNIFORM RECALL PERIOD
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‣ Periyar became Erode; ‣ Tirun
Page 267 and 268:
Women Receiving 3 Or More ANC Visit
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In Sivagangai, as per 2001 census,
Page 271 and 272:
Table 4.3: Block wise Gender Wise G
Page 273 and 274:
Block Table 4.6: Trained Teachers a
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Annexure 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUE
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Annexure 6.1 NOTES ON SELECTED CENT
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10. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalay
Page 281:
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