POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY TN

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iii. Coordinated efforts to address and integrate slum upgrading in the overall city development strategy. iv. For the slums on private tenable lands, the respective ULB should acquire the land based on negotiated compensation. v. Minimize relocation distances to reduce the impact on livelihoods and provide some choice of alternative sites and alternative rehabilitation packages to the affected people. vi. Ensure adequate services and public transportation to all resettlement sites, prior to settlement; consider providing facilities like free bus-cum-rail pass for some initial period. vii. Provide for costs in case of involuntary resettlement in case of objectionable slums. viii. Constitute a multi-disciplinary task force, particularly in Municipal Corporations and bigger Municipal towns to carry out routine eviction activities. ix. Establish and enhance a dedicated Slum Development Funds to finance various slum upgrading initiatives. f. Reforming Programmes: There are several programmes for urban poverty reduction introduced by the central government. The state government has to devise its own programmes as the trends of urban poverty in Tamil Nadu require forward-looking attention now. Some of the existing programmes having a bearing on urban poverty reduction are listed in Table 7.2. Table 7.2: Urban Poverty Reduction Programmes Income Generating Asset Generating Area Based Schemes Schemes Schemes Swarna Jaynti Shahri Rozgar Yojana(SJSRY) Jawahar Lal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) Environment Improvement of Urban Slums (EIUS) Nehru Rozgar Yojana (NRY) Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) Integrated Development of Small and Medium Towns (IDSMT) Prime Minister’s Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Programme (PMIUPEP Small Enterprise for Urban Poor (SEUP) Integrated Low Cost Sanitation Scheme (ILCS) Urban Basic Services for the Poor (USBSP) and 180 Comprehensive Slum Improvement Programme (CSIP) Urban Community Development (UCD)
Some initiative by Government of Tamil Nadu include the setting up of Tamil Nadu Urban Development Fund (<strong>TN</strong>UDF) for bridging the demand-supply gap by linking ULB’s with capital markets and to instill a sense of market discipline. The <strong>TN</strong>UDF is on a ‘Public-Private Partnership' mode, with the participation of Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI), Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) and Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services (IL&FS). Some specific steps of the state level initiatives are listed below. While urban poverty reduction languished for many years, in recent times a new thrust and priority has been given to this growing problem. Important among the new initiatives are the Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission, a modified Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rojgar Yojana, and the Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAS). Rajiv Awas Yojana envisages tackling the issues of inclusive growth and slumfree-cities, including basic amenities and affordable housing to the existing slum-dwellers as well as new additions to the number of poor due to urban growth. It emphasizes that States/UTs develop a Slum–free State/UT/Cities vision and develop a legal framework for regularizing space and accord property rights to the slum-dwellers as well as create space for the poor and new entrants to cities as they grow. It proposes a four-pronged approach: (i) ‘in situ’ development programmes with basic amenities and an enabling strategy for affordable housing in the case of ‘tenable’ slums, with reconfiguration to the extent possible based on town planning norms of the State/UT concerned; (ii) development in ‘relocation’ sites with affordable housing and access to all basic amenities, including easy access of public transportation to commute to jobs for rehabilitating the ‘untenable’ slums; efforts will first be made to re-examine the issue of so-called ‘untenability’ and whether the untenable slums could be settled in tenable slums with densification based on city-wise slum upgrading approach; (iii) housing and civic development programmes in peripheries of existing cities and towns to accommodate the urban poor including migrants, with a focus on publicprivate partnerships and requiring/incentivising developers to adopt inclusive zoning and reserve land/houses for the poor; and (iv) integrated-and-inclusive new townships around emerging hubs of industry, trade and 181
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MONOGRAPH 6/2010 MDGs-BASED POVERTY
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MONOGRAPH 6/2010 March 2010 Price:
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CONTENTS Acknowledgements Contents
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List of Tables Table 1.1 Millennium
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Table 5.10 Status of Urban Water Su
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Appendix 1.12 Maternal Mortality an
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MDGs-Based Poverty Reduction: Main
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. In terms of share of below povert
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of expenditure on public goods like
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households or individuals. For each
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Chapter 1 ISSUES AND INITIAL CONDIT
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The first three goals relate to era
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. Poverty in Tamil Nadu: Inter-stat
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and the urban poverty ratio was sli
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the total poor accounted for a prog
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physical development of people. Mor
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Table 1.11: Millennium Development
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indicates that Tamil Nadu will achi
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However, there is a scope for meeti
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status of malnutrition. The accepte
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The under-five mortality rate-U5MR
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(iv) HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Di
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3. While Tami Nadu has done compara
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Chapter 2 REDUCING POVERTY: THE MAC
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est of the economy indicates the ex
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share of the tertiary sector in Tam
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Chart 2.1: Sectoral Growth in Tamil
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policies are in place to absorb lar
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In the context of interface between
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Table 2.7: Decomposition of the Hea
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Dutt are not so relevant for predic
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The SDE estimates vary across the s
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Chart 2.3 highlights that agricultu
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2.6 Summary In summary the followin
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Chapter 3 FISCAL REFORMS FOR POVERT
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Bardhan (1996) emphasizes that ofte
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atio of government employees to pop
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Table 3.2: Tamil Nadu in Inter-stat
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Chart 3.4: Own Tax Revenues Relativ
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collected by state-owned enterprise
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Chart 3.5: Capital Outlay as percen
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The Fiscal Policy Strategy Statemen
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f. Pension and Salary Expenditures
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10 it is kept at 40 percent to acco
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Government of Tamil Nadu has to sub
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Chapter 4 COPING WITH SPATIAL IMBAL
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In order to focus on the deficient
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Chart 4.2 indicates the arrangement
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Chart 4.5: Human Development Index:
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Table 4.4: Index of Gender Deficien
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Districts Table 4.7: Health Facilit
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Regarding access costs in availing
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4.6 Incidence of Poverty: District
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district followed by Villupuram and
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household willing to do public work
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Districts Table 4.13: Implementatio
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Table 4.14: Share of BPL Population
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Table 4.16: Block -wise Gross Acces
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Table 4.18: Block-wise IMR in Thiru
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8. For provision of safe drinking w
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Chapter 5 WATER, LAND AND AGRICULTU
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5.2 Water: Key Issues in Tamil Nadu
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Table 5.3: Sources of Water Supply
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funding under the Water Resources C
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In 2006-7, 65.83 percent of habitat
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the major cause for poor maintenanc
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about 30 litre per capita per day (
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2006-07). However, total area under
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nearly 3.5 times as high as the pri
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5.4 Agriculture: Key Issues Agricul
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Table 5.19: Productivity (Yield) of
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Only rice and sugarcane received ir
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iv. There are severe water quality
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Chapter 6 LAST MILE REACH STRATEGIE
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Page 153 and 154: eneficiaries and of delivering prog
Page 155 and 156: In the nighbourhood of the poverty
Page 157 and 158: inefficiencies. Some of the major c
Page 159 and 160: Tamil Nadu is close to achieving un
Page 161 and 162: programmes. It is the only Self Emp
Page 163 and 164: districts in Tamil Nadu. Namadhu Gr
Page 165 and 166: 6.5 Reaching Households and Individ
Page 167 and 168: proposition more insurable, a group
Page 169 and 170: line to post-office saving banks or
Page 171 and 172: each the urban poor who live in slu
Page 173 and 174: Eleventh Plan (2007) observes: “O
Page 175 and 176: i. provide financial assistance for
Page 177 and 178: unemployed or underemployed poor by
Page 179 and 180: Services Prepare detailed water sup
Page 181 and 182: Chapter 7 SUMMARY AND FORMULATION O
Page 183 and 184: positive and relatively high. The b
Page 185 and 186: 3. In terms of composition of BPL p
Page 187 and 188: holdings are smaller than 4 hectare
Page 189 and 190: There are considerable inter-distri
Page 191 and 192: Table 7.1: Adjustment during 2007-0
Page 193 and 194: R i =(I a +I max -I i )/(I a +I max
Page 195 and 196: line to post-office saving banks or
Page 197 and 198: d. Targeting As far as rural areas
Page 199 and 200: 7.6 Urban Poverty Reduction Strateg
Page 201: Fund, GoTN has created Tamil Nadu I
Page 205 and 206: • Addressing urban poverty allevi
Page 207 and 208: land. There is need to develop a sc
Page 209 and 210: REFERENCES Agarwal, S.P. (2005),
Page 211 and 212: Deaton, Angus and Alessandro Tarozz
Page 213 and 214: Himmelfarb, G. (1984), The Idea of
Page 215 and 216: Report of the Working Group on Urba
Page 217 and 218: APPENDIX TABLES Appendix Table 1.1:
Page 219 and 220: Appendix Table 1.1 (contd.): Millen
Page 221 and 222: Appendix Table 1.2 (a): Poverty Lin
Page 223 and 224: Appendix Table 1.3: Poverty Gap Est
Page 225 and 226: Appendix Table 1.5: Head Count Rati
Page 227 and 228: Appendix Table 1.6 (contd.): Progre
Page 229 and 230: Appendix Table 1.8: Women’s Malnu
Page 231 and 232: Appendix Table 1.10: Child Mortalit
Page 233 and 234: Appendix Table 1.11 (contd.): State
Page 235 and 236: Appendix Table1.12 (contd.): Matern
Page 237 and 238: Appendix Table 2.3: Decomposition o
Page 239 and 240: and Publicity Relief from Natural C
Page 241 and 242: Appendix Table 4.3: Demography Rela
Page 243 and 244: Appendix Table 4.5: Health Faciliti
Page 245 and 246: Sl. No Appendix Table 4.7: Efficien
Page 247 and 248: Appendix Table 4.9: Employment unde
Page 249 and 250: Appendix Table 5.1: Major and Mediu
Page 251 and 252: Appendix Table 7.1: Indices for Dis
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ANNEXURES 231
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Monotonicity Sensitivity Axiom Mono
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component of the poverty line is th
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Fuchs (1969), while advocating the
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H = m/n (2) The head count ratio ig
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Annexure 1.3 UNIFORM RECALL PERIOD
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‣ Periyar became Erode; ‣ Tirun
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Women Receiving 3 Or More ANC Visit
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In Sivagangai, as per 2001 census,
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Table 4.3: Block wise Gender Wise G
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Block Table 4.6: Trained Teachers a
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Annexure 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUE
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Annexure 6.1 NOTES ON SELECTED CENT
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10. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalay
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POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY TN

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