POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY TN

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may be noted that even with the introduction of VAT, given the high petroleum prices and since these are subjected to special rates within the structure of state VAT, it is likely that the state government will achieve its revenue rising targets. Table 3.7: Tamil Nadu Finances in the Medium Term: Projections 2007-08 to 2014-15 (Percent to GSDP) Fiscal Indicators 2007-08 RE 2008-09 (PR) 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Own Tax Revenues 10.11 10.11 10.24 10.38 10.52 10.66 10.81 10.95 Own Non-tax Revenues 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 State's Own Revenue 11.15 11.15 11.28 11.42 11.56 11.70 11.84 11.99 Total Central Transfers 4.93 4.97 5.01 5.04 5.06 5.08 5.07 5.07 Share in Taxes and Duties 2.79 2.83 2.86 2.90 2.93 2.95 2.96 2.98 Grants 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.13 2.12 2.11 2.09 Total 16.08 16.12 16.29 16.46 16.62 16.77 16.92 17.06 Revenue Receipts Interest payments 2.13 1.78 1.86 1.87 1.86 1.86 1.85 1.84 Pensions 2.32 2.36 2.26 2.16 2.06 1.96 1.86 1.76 Other General Services 1.60 1.60 1.50 1.41 1.32 1.23 1.15 1.07 Total General Services 6.05 5.74 5.62 5.44 5.24 5.05 4.85 4.67 Education 2.56 2.74 3.34 3.63 3.93 4.25 4.58 4.93 Medical and Public Health 0.66 0.71 0.86 0.93 1.01 1.09 1.18 1.27 Other Social Services 2.63 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.21 2.14 2.07 2.00 Total Social Services 5.85 5.85 6.53 6.84 7.14 7.48 7.82 8.20 Economic Services 2.72 2.67 2.65 2.63 2.59 2.56 2.52 2.47 Grants-in-aid and 1.15 1.07 1.06 1.05 1.04 1.02 1.01 0.99 Contributions Total 15.77 15.33 15.87 15.95 16.01 16.12 16.20 16.33 Revenue Expenditure Revenue Surplus 0.32 0.79 0.43 0.51 0.60 0.66 0.72 0.73 Fiscal Deficit 2.56 2.92 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Primary Deficit 0.44 1.14 1.14 1.13 1.14 1.14 1.15 1.16 Non-debt Capital Receipts 0.85 0.87 0.83 0.79 0.76 0.72 0.68 0.65 Capital Receipts 3.42 3.79 3.83 3.79 3.76 3.72 3.68 3.65 Capital Expenditure 2.88 2.94 4.25 4.30 4.36 4.38 4.40 4.38 Total Expenditure 18.65 18.27 20.12 20.26 20.37 20.49 20.60 20.71 Outstanding Liabilities 22.73 22.52 22.58 22.63 22.60 22.56 22.45 22.36 Source (Basic Data): State Budget Documents. It is shown in Table 3.7 that education and health expenditures can be increased progressively such that by 2014-15, the share of expenditure on education as percentage of GSDP would have increased to a level close to 5 percent and expenditure on health would have increased to nearly 1.3 percent of GSDP. In order to provide for the salary increases in the wake of the recommendations of the Sixth Pay Commission for education and health sectors which are highly salary intensive sectors we have provided for substantial step up in 2008-09 and 2009-10 in the growth rate of revenue expenditures. In 2008-09, for example in education the growth rate is about 25 percent and for 2009- 66
10 it is kept at 40 percent to accommodate both salary increases and additional recruitment. It is possible to maintain surplus on revenue account, by maintaining fiscal deficit at a level of 3 percent and the ratio of outstanding liabilities relative to GSDP also remains just a little less than 23 percent. It is also possible to substantially increase capital expenditure as a percentage of GSDP to levels above 3 percent of GSDP. In other words, it is consistent with the FRBM Act to considerably increase investment in infrastructure as well as in health and education. Such fiscal restructuring will provide stimulus to achieving MDGs based poverty reduction within the framework of fiscal discipline. 3.6 Other Fiscal Reforms: From VAT to GST For a better coverage of services at the state level, appropriate changes are required, to enable the states’ to share potentially large and growing tax base. Given the magnitude of the GSDP, such changes would be especially beneficial to the state economy. The Government of India, vide a constitutional amendment has placed taxation of services under Article 268A. The central and the state governments are now moving towards implementation of a comprehensive GST. This will help the state governments both in terms of real growth and more buoyant tax revenues. i. User Charges and Non-tax Revenues The state government particularly needs to look into the profile of user charges in relation to the costs of providing various general, social and economic services, particularly when the services are private in nature although publicly provided. Six areas need focused attention are education, health, agriculture, irrigation, power, and transport. ii. Subsidy Reforms Subsidy as a budgetary instrument of promoting social welfare has been overused, and sometimes abused, leading to inefficiencies. The cost of subsidies has generally been underestimated because most subsidies are hidden or implicit. In state budgets, only a very small fraction of subsidies is shown explicitly as subsidies. 3.7 Monitoring Process of Reforms and Mid-course Corrections The progress of reforms needs to be monitored each year. As soon as deviations from the expected reform path are observed policy corrections should be introduced 67
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MONOGRAPH 6/2010 MDGs-BASED POVERTY
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MONOGRAPH 6/2010 March 2010 Price:
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CONTENTS Acknowledgements Contents
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List of Tables Table 1.1 Millennium
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Table 5.10 Status of Urban Water Su
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Appendix 1.12 Maternal Mortality an
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MDGs-Based Poverty Reduction: Main
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. In terms of share of below povert
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of expenditure on public goods like
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households or individuals. For each
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Chapter 1 ISSUES AND INITIAL CONDIT
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The first three goals relate to era
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. Poverty in Tamil Nadu: Inter-stat
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and the urban poverty ratio was sli
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the total poor accounted for a prog
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physical development of people. Mor
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Table 1.11: Millennium Development
Page 37 and 38: indicates that Tamil Nadu will achi
Page 39 and 40: However, there is a scope for meeti
Page 41 and 42: status of malnutrition. The accepte
Page 43 and 44: The under-five mortality rate-U5MR
Page 45 and 46: (iv) HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Di
Page 47 and 48: 3. While Tami Nadu has done compara
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 2 REDUCING POVERTY: THE MAC
Page 51 and 52: est of the economy indicates the ex
Page 53 and 54: share of the tertiary sector in Tam
Page 55 and 56: Chart 2.1: Sectoral Growth in Tamil
Page 57 and 58: policies are in place to absorb lar
Page 59 and 60: In the context of interface between
Page 61 and 62: Table 2.7: Decomposition of the Hea
Page 63 and 64: Dutt are not so relevant for predic
Page 65 and 66: The SDE estimates vary across the s
Page 67 and 68: Chart 2.3 highlights that agricultu
Page 69 and 70: 2.6 Summary In summary the followin
Page 71 and 72: Chapter 3 FISCAL REFORMS FOR POVERT
Page 73 and 74: Bardhan (1996) emphasizes that ofte
Page 75 and 76: atio of government employees to pop
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.2: Tamil Nadu in Inter-stat
Page 79 and 80: Chart 3.4: Own Tax Revenues Relativ
Page 81 and 82: collected by state-owned enterprise
Page 83 and 84: Chart 3.5: Capital Outlay as percen
Page 85 and 86: The Fiscal Policy Strategy Statemen
Page 87: f. Pension and Salary Expenditures
Page 91 and 92: Government of Tamil Nadu has to sub
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 4 COPING WITH SPATIAL IMBAL
Page 95 and 96: In order to focus on the deficient
Page 97 and 98: Chart 4.2 indicates the arrangement
Page 99 and 100: Chart 4.5: Human Development Index:
Page 101 and 102: Table 4.4: Index of Gender Deficien
Page 103 and 104: Districts Table 4.7: Health Facilit
Page 105 and 106: Regarding access costs in availing
Page 107 and 108: 4.6 Incidence of Poverty: District
Page 109 and 110: district followed by Villupuram and
Page 111 and 112: household willing to do public work
Page 113 and 114: Districts Table 4.13: Implementatio
Page 115 and 116: Table 4.14: Share of BPL Population
Page 117 and 118: Table 4.16: Block -wise Gross Acces
Page 119 and 120: Table 4.18: Block-wise IMR in Thiru
Page 121 and 122: 8. For provision of safe drinking w
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 5 WATER, LAND AND AGRICULTU
Page 125 and 126: 5.2 Water: Key Issues in Tamil Nadu
Page 127 and 128: Table 5.3: Sources of Water Supply
Page 129 and 130: funding under the Water Resources C
Page 131 and 132: In 2006-7, 65.83 percent of habitat
Page 133 and 134: the major cause for poor maintenanc
Page 135 and 136: about 30 litre per capita per day (
Page 137 and 138: 2006-07). However, total area under
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nearly 3.5 times as high as the pri
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5.4 Agriculture: Key Issues Agricul
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Table 5.19: Productivity (Yield) of
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Only rice and sugarcane received ir
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iv. There are severe water quality
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Chapter 6 LAST MILE REACH STRATEGIE
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targeting as a device to improve ef
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eneficiaries and of delivering prog
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In the nighbourhood of the poverty
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inefficiencies. Some of the major c
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Tamil Nadu is close to achieving un
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programmes. It is the only Self Emp
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districts in Tamil Nadu. Namadhu Gr
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6.5 Reaching Households and Individ
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proposition more insurable, a group
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line to post-office saving banks or
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each the urban poor who live in slu
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Eleventh Plan (2007) observes: “O
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i. provide financial assistance for
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unemployed or underemployed poor by
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Services Prepare detailed water sup
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Chapter 7 SUMMARY AND FORMULATION O
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positive and relatively high. The b
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3. In terms of composition of BPL p
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holdings are smaller than 4 hectare
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There are considerable inter-distri
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Table 7.1: Adjustment during 2007-0
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R i =(I a +I max -I i )/(I a +I max
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line to post-office saving banks or
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d. Targeting As far as rural areas
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7.6 Urban Poverty Reduction Strateg
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Fund, GoTN has created Tamil Nadu I
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Some initiative by Government of Ta
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• Addressing urban poverty allevi
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land. There is need to develop a sc
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REFERENCES Agarwal, S.P. (2005),
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Deaton, Angus and Alessandro Tarozz
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Himmelfarb, G. (1984), The Idea of
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Report of the Working Group on Urba
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APPENDIX TABLES Appendix Table 1.1:
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Appendix Table 1.1 (contd.): Millen
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Appendix Table 1.2 (a): Poverty Lin
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Appendix Table 1.3: Poverty Gap Est
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Appendix Table 1.5: Head Count Rati
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Appendix Table 1.6 (contd.): Progre
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Appendix Table 1.8: Women’s Malnu
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Appendix Table 1.10: Child Mortalit
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Appendix Table 1.11 (contd.): State
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Appendix Table1.12 (contd.): Matern
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Appendix Table 2.3: Decomposition o
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and Publicity Relief from Natural C
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Appendix Table 4.3: Demography Rela
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Appendix Table 4.5: Health Faciliti
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Sl. No Appendix Table 4.7: Efficien
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Appendix Table 4.9: Employment unde
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Appendix Table 5.1: Major and Mediu
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Appendix Table 7.1: Indices for Dis
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ANNEXURES 231
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Monotonicity Sensitivity Axiom Mono
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component of the poverty line is th
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Fuchs (1969), while advocating the
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H = m/n (2) The head count ratio ig
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Annexure 1.3 UNIFORM RECALL PERIOD
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‣ Periyar became Erode; ‣ Tirun
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Women Receiving 3 Or More ANC Visit
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In Sivagangai, as per 2001 census,
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Table 4.3: Block wise Gender Wise G
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Block Table 4.6: Trained Teachers a
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Annexure 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUE
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Annexure 6.1 NOTES ON SELECTED CENT
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10. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalay
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POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY TN

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