Carmen Bunzl - Universidad Pontificia Comillas

Chapter 4. Case Study: Spain 169
Figure 4 - 1. Calibration of performance parameters (Source: Höhne et al., 2007).
Figure 4 - 2. Trends in nationwide intensities
between 1990 and 2004 relative to their 2004
value (Source: Höhne et al., 2007).
2.2.2 Primary energy supply
Figure 4 - 3. ‘Performance meter comparing
Spain’s performance to other countries’ for each
of the four indicators (Source: Höhne et al.,
2007)
The total primary energy supply (TPES) accounts for all the energy that is
supplied to the economy. It includes energy generated in the country and that
which is imported but excludes exported energy and international marine
bunkers; TPES is also adjusted for stock changes (table 4 – 1, row 4). If the
energy is used for electricity generation, the values also include the waste heat
that is produced during the process.
Although increases in energy use can lead to higher GHG emissions, the
increase in emission levels also depends on the carbon intensity of power and
heat generation, including the fuel mix, and the efficiency of the process.
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Carmen Bunzl Boulet Junio 2008