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Chapter 4. Case Study: Spain 181
Figure 4 - 7. Sectoral indicators for Spain (2004 data); trends between 1990 and 2004; and ‘performance
meters’ (Source: Höhne et al., 2007).
Figure 4 – 8 shows the trends in production (or activity) for each of the
sectors between 1990 and 2004 and compares this with the trends in emissions
over the same period. This allows for the identification of potential decoupling
of trends.
Figure 4 - 8. Trends in production for each of the sectors compared with trends in emissions between
1990 and 2004 for Spain (Source: Höhne et al., 2007).
An example is the Iron and Steel industry, although having increased their
activity, emissions from this sector have been reduced – perhaps due to much
more efficient and cleaner technologies. On the other hand, emissions from the
pulp and paper industry and the transport sector have grown much more than
its production or activity. Households and services emissions have grown even
when there has been a reduction in activity – this may be due to the increased
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Carmen Bunzl Boulet Junio 2008