Carmen Bunzl - Universidad Pontificia Comillas

Chapter 2. Options for future climate change architectures 51
countries, so they might not support them. Other developed countries would
support sectoral targets but for USA for example, only if applied globally,
including China and India. Japan is currently very efficient and has recently
voiced its support to this type of approach. EU would support sectoral targets
for some newly joining countries.
Sectoral targets take into account particular reduction options of different
sectors, focusing on the most important ones. If dynamic, they would provide
flexibility and allow for growth in production and economic development.
They may also be an incentive for participation of some countries, through
participation of their sectors. Applied on the global level, sectoral targets may
address competitiveness concerns within a global sector. They can be built into
the Kyoto system.
Sectoral targets would require detailed sectoral information, which is
currently only available for some countries and some sectors. Targets would
have to be carefully set. Environmental effectiveness would not be guaranteed,
it would depend on production growth if dynamic targets were set, and we also
have to take into account that not all emissions are covered. They can be
environmentally effective if applied to as many sectors as possible.
Sectoral targets are very often mentioned in the international negotiations,
but different groups may be interpreting them differently. It is sometimes
unclear whether global agreements for a sector or emission targets for only one
sector within a country are meant. Targets for only one sector within a country
may be a good stepping off point for newly participating countries to start
learning how to do things. Global agreements for a sector (further discussed in
Section 2.2) seem to be more effective if applied in a supplementary way with
national emission commitments; even though sectoral targets take into account
particular national circumstances, they seem too complex to implement - too
many decisions and great needs of data availability.
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Carmen Bunzl Boulet Junio 2008