Carmen Bunzl - Universidad Pontificia Comillas

Chapter 4. Case Study: Spain 203
1,2
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
0
Abatement costs as % of GDP
EU 20% without
CDM
EU 20% with CDM EU 30%
Per capita convergence
Multi-criteria
Ability to pay
Triptych
Equal costs
Figure 4 - 19. Abatement costs as % of GDP for 2020 for Spain under the ‘EU 20% unilateral without
CDM’, the ‘EU 20% unilateral with CDM’ and the ‘EU 30% in a multilateral regime’scenarios.
3.3.1.4 Abatement measures 1
As emission trading is included, the measures are taken where they are more
cost-effective. Therefore, the domestic abatement measures are the same for the
six approaches analyzed, although they differ for the three scenarios due to
different emission targets (-20% and -30% compared to 1990 levels) and
different international participation rules, which determines the amount of
credits available on the international market.
In this section, the domestic abatements for Spain per sector and per category
(renewables, energy efficiency, CHP, etc) are presented. Scenarios show small
differences in the absolute domestic abatement measures. In terms of the
relative contributions of sectors and reduction categories to the domestic
abatements, the differences become even negligible, and therefore this section
only shows the results of the ‘EU 20% unilateral without CDM’ scenario.
It should be noted that the reduction over the various categories (renewables,
energy efficiency, CHP, etc) is done on the basis of a cost-effective strategy.
Therefore it does not fully account for the Energy Package as agreed by the EU
1 The following results are drawn from the analysis made by den Elzen et al. (2007b).
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Carmen Bunzl Boulet Junio 2008